йҪѵ

μѧδ

޻


  һ

  ³ӦΪμȫйѧѧϻĵδ
λĿ֪й½ĸִĿͬҲ
ԺμӵһЩĿͬϲط֣йһһ
еӣܵѵ
  ͨ¹̾ϵȨһж졣
߲ǳ˸񻯣֮ĸ־á֮ϣû
̫ϻʡݣϽѧϯϯ»ͼίĸˣ
Ȩ֮ڣдȨһƽȣĽڶ־
ֱӹ۲쵽ǻѧеֹˡѧּ֮һ
ǡٽйɡͷεĽѧһԾѧϰ
ȨṹȨ»Ĺרһ̸ԭ
ʵѧϰǿҪԡڵŬ
ڵʱΪֻ֪򣬲ʵ¡ʵǵŬ
Զ𾴡ǽƶȷܲĹѧ
ʮճ緽ȺڲᳫݣɿݶﵽŽ
Կìܡ˵ûпݣֶﲢ棬
Ͳݲǡϡࡱκһ塢֯ûĦ;
ף롰ϡࡱҲͲˡڶǲɱģֻǴ󶷻С
ҲǱضĺǷĳѧ
гֹصķ磬ǵķǣѧìҪѧڲ
άѧŽ󡱡ѧϰĵ·϶ɹΣɹΣ
쵼ڳ졣

  

  Ӱ˾֮رǵ֮һ򣺷Բھ
һڲʵвģʵ
ΪԲ͹ˣ治ҪҪ
Բǣ˳Ϊսʿʿ
ǣûˡ˳Ϊսʿʿ
ΪȥѧϰܸܿɳΥԼԲ
ԳڲͬвͬĶʱԲ˱ԵĶ
ʱԹĸ³쵼˾ˡ
  й˼ҵطԲûѧƷ
⽨Ϊǹʹ˵۹רơ꣬¶
ֲǡһơǿټӿѧͿѧ
ΪʱսġʱʵȻǷԲ
ԺйڷԹ񵳵Ĳͬʱйʵĳ
ԣһһ֪ʶӳߡ˹
ȡȫȨ֮ΪĻ쵼񵱼
ԵĹ񵳵ĲЩ
֪ʶӣΪԹ񵳵Ĳ׷湲ȴܹĲ
֮ࡣⲻǸ˵ı磬Ҳʱı硣μӹ޻ڡ
ʱһоߵԾѡڣԲ
ǲӦ񷴶ԹĲǣܷ
µһʷѭ

  

  ҿϯ̨ĴĻдšȫйѧѧϻᡱġΡ
رĿģΥʮꡣҵѧʱҲǸ㡰Ρʱ
ѧ֯ǹٰġһѧ췴ңˡѧλᡱ
ĵָ֯ʾңҪͬѧУĹ񵳡Ŷͨĵľ
ѡҵϯԺ󣬡ΡʧˣΪˡ쵼Ͳ
ˡƸΪѧᡱѧϻᡱڡ쵼£þѡ
ѧĸˡֵ쵼ѧί͵ĸˣ
ȨָΪѧĸˡǰй֮һʱ
һλѧҾ쵼ָΪѧĸˣһ
Ҳд˽ȥģȻ׾ٵصѡˡڹҲһЩ
ΨΨŵŵˡұȻ͹ˣЩ˿ڳ¾ɵĻ
ת
  ڱָָ˵ʱ롰쵼ǺĵģҲм
ֲָԸָˡҴӸϷָʱ򣬾ͳΪɻˡ
  һ꣬ڱѧѡΪ顰˰Ժĵһ챱
Ĵɲָġ쵼ָʮһλûҵ
֣ڱѧʦԱַͨʽǿҵرԼ־ϣ
˵ʮֻھͳʱдֱ˶ı
ѧſ̧ܷٳģӦ񽲻
ɡ쵼ָĴһڱǡлǡĪ
һȥһúù᳹ľ顱黹ûвʲô
飬ģֻҪ˾顰һúù᳹ɡ쵼׼Ĵ
ֻʶȱȨʶĴȻװڲľ
ѡٶɡ쵼˵ġһҪѡٱгϯȫ
ĴѡǵȶģѡпŲŷҺȻ
֪ʶӴΪѡˡŷЭ໵¡Ȼ
ʵִнĴ˼룬ר조ߴȫĵͣĻУ
ҶˣСһȻ֮̾㱨ϯţ
ʱйίĸ־˵ѡ׼ˣٶ
ˡôҪͶƱʲôڴȫһԣָ
ѹ˶ıи£Ȼ󲨡ʱĵϯָ
ʾһҪѹȥϣл񹲺͹ܷ涨
ʹȨĻأʵϣʹȨʱ򣬱ӵ
ȨϯŸݻָʾƷԭ̣
ʱרš塱ҵķԡұָΪˡۡ۵
ѧ˵ѧǳɵĵطׯϵһ־硣
ȡһεĽѵͨڴϷԵ̣
ȫСᡣ
  Ȩ쵼ͶƱΪκི
ҪӲȵȣ쵼˵ǡءֱ
ʸɥʧˡһЩȨʶΪĴ൱һ
죻ʶÿΡлĴѡΣΡ

  ûϸĳһҲáԣȻ
ĽĳȨԷǳزݴ᣻Ĵ޷ʵԼȨ
  Ĳɳ֣֡Ժһ
᲻ǹٷ䣬иָĹ򣻹ܸӣº
򵥡йܼ򵥣첻£Ҫ¾ͺܸӡй
˻ߡȨǴ񡱡ҵȨǡ
񡱡ȨתһĶͳݳ
һ̨̨졣ȶάϵȶҪ
뵽޸ĻƶɣйҪ롰ߡ
Ȼһ׹򡢳򡢷ƣǻ˶ٶγɵģй
ڣѵûпʼɽ
ѵ׶Σʵʵسܻë󶫳Ц
ѵš˭ѵѵ˭ѵëץס
ɽ©ӸϷʵҪѵȻ,ѵҲ
ѵȽҪѵֳ֣һѵ
һѵѵרƣѵѵѧĴ
ϿԸ˵ѵѵˣȺ˵Լѵ


  

  ѧ쵼ÿ껻࣬ûƣҲѡνӰˣһаƽ
ѡеĴңÿѧʵһĻϯϯ
ѡԡԶĶԲμӾѡֳֻʢʱƽһԡѧ
³̹涨ϯϯԲͬĵһͬһ
ʲܲμӾѡһԺѡѡһԣƺǵȶѡ٣ϸ񰴳һ
ֳͬί߶Ժѡ˽нܣѡ˱˷ѡ
˵ȻҪǴʣѡ˵شҼ뷢мܣ
ʵǴǶδϯϯж෽ԡ졢󣬺ѡ
ԴܽᡣжԺѡˣҪʡĿ֮
ѡ˵ƷԼʩ롢ȵȶúˣͶ
ÿһƱǺзġ
  ίίԱѡǴ߸ѡѡͬʱͬһ
˶Ҫشһ飬Գߵˡ
  һû뵽ģǵ᰸ܲĹһύ
һһϸһ룬ей½ᣬǽ
᰸ίԱתйزŴʲôʲô
Ѿ᰸۶ôҪ̡磬Ҫвִ
ΪġѪ¼ƽû۵Ļᡣ
  ۱桢᰸ѡ쵼¹Щ¹Ǵ
¹ݻġһǵһ˵и޲¹(Robert's 
Rules of Order)˵һܺ顣˼򵥵Ľܣȷʵйػ
ļõܽᡣɼй½֪ʶӣԼȻվ
ԲʲôȻªšһλԡ޲¹
򡷺о¹ʣ̨һʵЧ
ѧϰ
  ¹⣬ǳ鷳Ϊȣĳ
ΪвͬıĲμ߷ǳţ½
ɣԴ˯Һҵѷ֮(˵ϲѧ
֯ص)һᣬид˽
Ǻ鷳ģ㡣õ鷳ںͷⷽ㣬ִ᳹鷳
Ḷ́ʲôУй֮ҲвоٵģҲлƵģ
ĳЩĳЩγɺǲܹܵľ顣
һõĶ϶ĶƺȱЧʣ
ԱƫʹƫԾõƫ޷һ
ֱƫȥֻеȵ޻˴򵹲¡  

  

  йܵѵҪ½ƹ㡣ҲϾͻ˾ȫ
ȷʵȫǲҪģҲǲܵģй˵ĻƤ
ͷͻˣعǡֵþڡȫĿʵ£
ִʮȫʮհ᣻һᡢ
ʷҲ޷հġֻҪʲôĹ
һԡ˽Ҳһй
ʮһֱڷԡʲ׼ʵ֪ʲ׼Ϊ
£Ϊйϻйʲ׼ֻһ
ûκȥһУǴͷʼѵ
ɡ
  нԸлյ֮ãִ֮ҡ
  ¸д꣬յ֮ڶڣġƵѵ
Сѧ𡰡ΪֻеܹѵСѧˣ
ϣΪȫѵͻὥ