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һߵѧ˵ͬεǰǶȻں̶ܴ
ΪһֵȻڹη롣ʷϻ߼ϣ
ҶҪ塣ŷ͵ĽȨΪȨȡνң
չΡʲôʥ鵤ҩ׵Ľ׻ƣ׻
һ޵ƽ̨ǾĹͬϷ޴

ʵν˳˵һ䣬˰պ;
ӽϹϹȫһһƱԴˣΪ˿ڵһ
ֹɡּйһѡлᡱͳʹ
˲ͶƱйҲաһλͳӵ
ӡ֤ˣķΧҪڳ

2004̨ѡˮ⽫һ쵼Ｐ乫ߵѡ񣬻Ϊ
ͬѡǰΪĶǵߵġƶġͶܡ
ͼϳĿǰȻ̨õ1946йܷΪйӵ̨Ȩ
ͷݣⲿܷǵȫй־֣ԣ̨һ
֮ص⣬࿹⡣ĳķΧЧġ

ͬǡޡ

Ȼʩ̨졢ġлܷͬ⡣
ͬйֻ1949ĹΪл񹲺͹񵳵Ĵͳ
ս˵һйллǵɽ쵼
ĽĿǰ̨йʷԨԴͼڹ񵳸Ϊ
ʱ˲õǣ̹սʧ󣬹ֵġлʿռսή
ֱŶ¼ԼȨͳεĵۣл֮£Ҫ
һʲǣ̨Ȼвڶڡл飬ֽ׶ά֡
л̨ȶҪ塣

ϾԳˮԣѡӡͳѵǡлͳ
ʱ򲻸ֱӷ񶨡лǲϰʾΪȨ֮Ӧأ
νġͬͬʲô˵ǡͬءֲ˵
˭ܴأ˭ͬ˭ԭǸ󵽣ƺʡˡͼ˲
ͬ⣬ռ˿ڶġ̨ˡʡˣûͬ⣬Ȼش̨壬ǰҪ
ͬںߣմ߼ֻԭסʸѡͳƫƫԭסġ
֮ͬԱǡ֡ͬΡֻϣյġɴΡңӦ

ą̇̄塱רҲġ̨ˡ¢ϡΪ̨
Ҫڵġ̨塱ԭ֧Լѡˡˮ
ѡսᣬȫν̨塱̨͡塱ߡȻһȨա
ڡȮ¹ǣ̨ӡˮõ˵̨ûȺ
⣬ֻйͬ⡱ǣΪֻ˹ͬϵ
ʡȺϧȺңΪѡٶԱĹߡ

ѡѧʳˮ⣺ΪʲôҪ˵˼Ҳ̨壿˵Ͷ1žǰ̨
壬Ͷ2žǡйˡⲻǡͬǡޡˮװģػش
Ӧȼ֡ԼǷòᡱȴų́ܶʿ
ľѵá

ƶ̨̨ν̨ʶŲ֮̄⣬
ڡ̨̨ǹսĹ̥Ȩרơǿ
͵֡Ҷǰоָģʵʣ̨Ǹα⣬ȻЩ
ŪٳĿܡʹΪ̨干͹ڲȡлӮøİȫ
ȶȡлӵиĹʿռ䡣ԣ̨͵ġ
½һ̸֮½㲻ȥ˱ַ̨֮Գ
Ҳڲʲôȴֻᵼ̨ԵǮԽԽС

ˮ⣬˵ǹָġƶ̨ûô룬
˵̨νġ̨ʶŪȺǸе
׼֣νȥйֱ֣롰Ļ˼άһ
ԽԽĹֻһ桰Ʊһ桰ǹġ֮
ʱҲʽϵġĹԽԽĹ񵳣Զ
ʶ̬ĵߵ룬Ȩ֮´мιרעʵľý衣
ڵĹ񵳣ôҲҰͼѧϰӷ˶
̨ǰǰϯΪ񵳵Ľͷ֧ߣ̨帯ܻ
ǰǰϯǻԳΪĻ֡һʷľ̡

һָ񵳵ĺڽ⣬ڼΪȴȥӵĺڽ
ԴȪǻԣ񵳵ĺڽǻִʱڻѷġߵ̨Ѹָ
͵ԻҪ족֮쳬󣬶ҡ̫ѿֶΣ
˼ɡ氮ΪΣ̨壬̨ңɴ˿֪ӡ

Ȩ¸ӢʷѧҰ˶پʿ Lord Acton
һɶȻõġƵػУ1960ĲԺ⽻ίԱ
ϯأSen. William J. Fulbright ԣȨİThe
Arrogance of
Powerͬǣ̨壬Ȩ¹İŵ̬ƫС˵־״
αȱȽǡĳȴȫ͵ġȨӦе
ԼԵʧЧΪβãɵǣ൱ֵѡȻܹһټĮ
ӻ̡ǡǡ˵ˮȨȻʽϵѡٳȨԴ
ʵĪ˵һȨԽĮӷΣȹйͳһ
̨ܻǰ;

ʶ̨ʿرǡʡѣ͵󶼴
ãţڡʷ顱죬á
ʱڡ̨߲ȥڿ߲ȥҪԭǡǡҲ߲
Լ̨ϲ²ᣬһζͦ⣬˲ĵزΪһλ
̨ͳ̨ˡͱԭһУһ߱ԹˮһͶƱҲ
ˮǻһûȴֶβŪȺɿ⡣
һ컯ͷ̨ˡ̨塱ǳͷβ䣬ߵһ
ħԼһΪǵĸܳΪ֦⣬Բơ
̵̨ΣڣҲʶ֮ʿǡ

ġΣȨΣ̨2004ѡոĻѡЧ֮δ
ѡǰһǹȻأνƣܾͶƱ
Ȩ˾֮ȴ·˽֪ҹԼյء֯ϲҥָΣҲ
ķʽӰѡ顣ڴѡͬʱΥνͶΪѡսߣһ·
鲻ϡ

ʹˮһѡ֧֣ȴԳΪһѡġͳαȨ
̨֮Ĺ۲ܵģǵǰѡ֮֮࣬ʹ
̨δѾзѡѡжԺɳˮһɵġνѡ
Чһθ߶ȼӣڷɳ⡣ͬ
⣬ӶĹ򲢲ãοùȡ˶ο
Բķʽȡü΢Ķ

ǰȺΧ뵳ֻ׷ǻԵİѡΣѡٽ
ͷȺںƱˣȻһϡʵƱˣҲ
ԳˮȨԡǰҪѾǾڷɳϸڣһ
ǰϾΣⳡΣԶǿӢŵ̨룬ڳˮ
Ȿ˵Σ廹ϵˡ

۾ֻ˫Ʊ0.228ٷֵЩ΢࣬벻Ҫǰͳ
ķλʱȻͳƳ100%֧ʣϣոǽνѡ̨
רƵġķȫ˵NOֻҪάڹڵͳΣˮѧء
й˵NOͬǻߡķѾ̨ˮҲΣ֮С˳
˵һ䣬ǹ¼սϣίԱϣ
֮ɡǡǡ˵Ϊ֪ġ⡢䡢ƭθԣˮ
Ʋԭ㡣

ˮνġ̨ͬй˵NOĸڷʾǡ
Ȩγǡʡˡս漮̨ȴڴ½ˮǿ
Ϊй½δȴѾһٵء̵˺̨Ⱥͬϣ
˵ġ־ͬȺ̫ˣͬϣԳȺ̫ȡԶͳε־
ԡˮƵļһٵóѣģȨΣ̨
ʮʵĿǰ̨رʡȺĲȫмӾ磬Ϊ
֤

һָ˲̨ͬ塢ԼȴûͬлˣȻ
ӡ֤ˡԹΪ仰ȻҪԡ̨塱Ϊߣȴ˿ҷ
лһһ˵ʹˮ̨幫ͶжӣҲ
̨ϼһԡȻ̨ԡ̨Ϊʲǫ̂ܶ
Ӯһѩ꾺ѡ̨سʧ֮ܣҪȥܸ޹̨
ʾȺУѾ̨֡ϱΡ̨幫Ͷ̨ıԶ
ܾΰܵ󰧺š֪԰йķɵֻҪͷϣͲǱ
òøñȷһѡˮѡٱʱ޿̲ڣֱ˺Ȩ

塢ϵµ̨һͿſһĲֵȨĸ
ƫֻҪҳڼ顱͡Сϼħܹͨν
ֱʯ١ԤԣֻҪڣ̨ġ롱
չطһпƣ

֮׷ףֻǹ˰ʸߵͼٷֵ
⣬㼸ٷֵĵƱ࣬ѡ֮Ȼеִ˫ѡ
ȴο͵жԡ̨ԣͬԼӦȺʡΪѡٲ
ļһЧΪһ⵳Ҳͳ⣬̨
һ˺

̨庣Ͽب䣬ĳڴڣתǱǿ
ָģ̨塣̨ΪġŵҲΪ
ıʡŵ13꣬СѧѾҵˣѼΪȺԶֻ
13꣬Ľڿңңڡ¹ս֮꼻һֵġκ깲
͡ȴԶǵʧܣǽǰ

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ȡᣬˡڹȥºܶǣʶ
ǣҲٲȻԡĸСͿˡ
ߣñ̨塱ʸûˣ֮

Ȼ񵳺͹̨һٷ´󣬵ǣɹ
Щȴȷ̨֮Ҳǰġ
ߡɲ졣ע⵽ĳЩѰѡ̨塱һԪѡŻǫ̇̄
ڲ̬һôףԶһѡƱô򵥡
ڴˣƺܰĳɹͬʿȨ˳Уʿ̨
ҲɣҪ̨ɾˡ֮ڷԵȡ֮
ߵԡ

߸ǣǰĶķΧĳ
һΪҡĻһָΪҡĵˣβ
ΡУרƣҪǾ⣬רƵǰ
αװйתʱڣϲйͷ²⻯ΣգϾǴһ
´Ļ֮Сǽָ̨壬ҪΪ˭衪
ҲΪǶ衣
