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ýԴѶбϣй̬ʮͻý֮
Լãͽ۲죬׷¡

йǰʵ¼

ʮգϣͳר¼£ͬ¼쵼Ҷ
Ȼ̸ʱżڵԽ׶ڣﾲͳĵϣ
ĻĽߣҫġ޼ֵһΪأң˴ںھ
ĵŷǷҲ1996귨¼¹ͬġ˴Уȵ¼£
еʵ¼µ˼ͳԱû¶ϣ¼»̸ľ
Ȼͬ˴ŷǶԻййءϣ˴˴еصй
Դйϣ˼ȹĵ⡣ŷǷڼ䣬ϣͬձСȪ
̩ž˫߻̸̸ʱϣҲλ쵼ѰӦο
ľ̩쵼˵Ļشǻġܿձ̩йҲϣ
˴˴αֳʮױ̬ȵһҪԭ

ߵһεԽϡڵķΧʹ뵽йϷһЩеȳСĿǰֱ
ȫĦг
õֻѱŷõĸΪʱ֣ڸҵӡȻܾ÷չ񳱵ĳ
ﻹûпƬƬĽأĵľ;ɷȻáֵϷʽ¥
αȣڽͷɢҲʱһЩ˵ˣҲɵЩ̾
ʮ֮ãھȻŨķֳطζ
ַζǷάȥƺѺܳ⡣ԶоԺפڵһλо
Ա߱ߣĿǰڵƤǣѾʼԷʽĦȭơ
귢һΪҪĿַǺΪԽϹŶǵΨһ֤ڵشԽ
ַοȻѹĻֳصʷҲ٣Ȼģ
ڵľɽһɴݻ٣ǧһִ¥й׶ĺ󳾣ҲǺ
ĸ֡

Խƽ

ϣտʼԽϵĹ·ʣԽϸ󱨶ͬʽͬǻ
ʾ˴ηشӰԶԽ뷨Ѻùϵʷµ̱ơԽϱֽ
ȻǹٻķȻԽһǲɷϵʵԽϵ߸
ʮ꣬Խ˫һЩ߸ԽϿսľսۣһ
ս𷨾ȫ񣬷Ӵ˴ȥ˳ӡ֧ǡԽ˵ս
أڰܾ֮ķ˵һζȻԽ˫͸¶ĶΪơ
Ѻú;ǰӵϢԽĿǰ޽ܷԮĹң˴ϣ˷Խ˫
ҲǩһϵЭ顣ԽϹϯµʾĿǰԽ˫ʷ䷶壬
ϣʾһҲǾлġͽ۲취Խ˫ı̬ĸж߼ĳ
ƾԲĻ졣

۲ѷ֣Խ֮ĺҲǼƽġڶԽԮϿ
ңԽʮ֮࣬ԽгϵռзݶΪٷ֮һš
Խó֮Ĳƽʹ뵽йóĲƽ⡣ͬ޹Ҵ򽻵ѵ
ʵ⽻ƶˣϾٲǰڷԽֹϵٷƺİ
ϣ˱ʾԽǷ޵Ȼͨ˵ԽϵͶʲܽԽ
ջҲҪӡ֧ջ޵ջ񡣽Ŀǰһ
ջǲõġ־ڳԶ˴˫ǩһϵеĻЭ飬
ԽѧǰѧԽѧĵȡ

Խϧ

ϣںھеļ߻ϱʾԽϵĹϵǶһ޶ġνһ
һ޶ԣϣ˵ĽǷԽϵǶģ뵽ĸײ㡣ߵ
ΪԽϵ֮⻹ʷŦ1867굽1954ֳԽϣʱ
䳤һ͡ԽֳʷϳѪıᣬҲĻ͸͸
ͥ顣ԽںĻȦԽϵĺĸȡ
ʵܲ˵ǷĻ͸ĲĥӡǣͬʱҲΪԽβƸ

ӵԵսԵĽǶȣоԽϵĳЩơĵԵΰͼ
յյĳǿò룻Խ϶ڶǵϹ
ͽйǹŴֽΨΨŵŵ취
յʧس֮飬ҲʵԽԮмӡԽĽӦþĳ
ϧѵҲзԼйսԿ


йĻʵ 

ϣ˴˴εԽĿģһǶԽϵĹ·ʣһǳϯŷǷᡣ

ƺ

˴ŷɫǳԱڶࡣŷʮԱ˰կκ
ڵ³ԱټŷίԱṲʮ˸Ҽһ֯Ϊ
ֹŷһʽĶԻƣ˴λҲ޷Ǿ֮óסȫ
ε⽻˫ȨǷμӷϴڷ磬Ҳֻ
ЭճҲԤ֮е飬Ϊ˫˭Ը⵼һԻƵѡע
ʵǲһ鲻ʵĻģΪԻܴʲôĻ
ҲֻǸڲ˺ԼǰµЭʵԵջ񡣲ŷǷ
ƺôĿǰŷóİٷ֮ʮ壬ֵ
ٷ֮ʮһνءңǹģĶԻΨһû
μӵĻơΪŷƺ⺭ʵǿѨ硣
Ȼһء

ʹˣϣͳҲûнμŷΪ˴еص㡣Ϊ
ڰڷнһʱ뿪ڶйĳɶĳ˵Խ֮
ŷǷϣ˵ǷйǰࡣԽϿǵܹΪЧͬ
й޸ԻŷǷļ϶ʱͬձ̩쵼̸й⡣ϣ
ڰҹŵִɶڶһͬר̴ӱйҸϯ
˻̸ϯһ֮ΪзֻĻϣ˷йĵһվѡڳɶ
зĽ飬Ϊʾйľĺͷһߵ֧֡ϣǵһ
ɶķͳɶֵϺȥһ·վ˾ŲĻӭȺϣ
ڳɶֻмСʱǻ̸ǻ飬ʱȥιзʵķɻ
άĺͶŸáйý嵱Ȼע⵽ϣڳɶݵйĻĽ
ƺڳɶйӡһҹûסͳ׷йýԴµ
йĿǰĹٳΪġϣ˱Ҳû뵽
˴η;µڶĶйĻ֮ʣһһСкй
顣

йĻĽ֮

ϣ˴˴й۵ʣ߶Ѽǲ˶ٴνɶ
Ϻۣй쵼˻ӭʽϵĽжйó磨ɶѧ
Ƽ磨ϺĽҲжԷڻԱĽݲ֡һǶ
ĴסŸߵĿҫϺͬôѧйŴ
ޡϣйѾ˽ʷ
ѧʷԴִҲֻĪйѧ߽йԴ
ǧѾ֮٣̸һ
ڶǷкҪԡһҪԼ˫߹ϵΣڹʵԵ
βΡǶԷҵƼ

˻С

߲ɷͳйĻĽ֮飬ϣ˵ʵ
ʵĿϣʵҲͬ˴ηйΡ
áĻǺϡϣӵԵսԡĸ߶ȹйϵĴãĻ
ĻؿнĻӶΡĻ֮ھóϻ档
Ӧ˵Զģڷоó׵ʵʳɹ˵
ЩһԸ1997ȫսԻϵ˫ÿǰƵ
2003µϯάǿ飬Ԫֵףн
ʮͷĻꡣڱеϼдϣζз˫ĺ˸
ָۣзսԺļǿǿзλŵļ

ȻǺεĿ϶ϣ˱˵Ŀҫ۶ЩĽ
顣ҵйгϵĽչǲ⡣˴ηϣ˲˲ٷ
ҵܲãҲһЩСҵϰ壬ÿνСҵйء
۲ϣƬδپõԣȨԭҲ
־ߵЧԡ2000귨Իռйóܶİٷ֮2003Ϊ
֮š⼸£зóײûԵͬ¹
Ҳں档ýձ齫ϣ˵Ĵ˴й֮пһҵ֮ãű
ϣ˵˻СȻСﶼ۲ȥĻԭ
Ϊ׮أ


滹սԺģ

һ˵һԪ׳ΡáĻȻսԿ֮
Сͳϣ˴˴йеȻˡĿǰƳϣ˴˴ηûʵ˾
һΪıһǣ浽˫ΡáĻĻ
ҲʵԵμȫս幹롣һ·ͬ
ǻд裬ͬϣߵĸ߲ιʵȽ̸ϣ˷ûԶһ
ܵ˵۶Դ˴ηԶڰ

պá롱йĶ

ҪϣȨϵЭָϣ˲Ӧ÷Ȩֵ
׼ΪһרȨ顣Ϊͣڵ²棬û
е취˵ʹȨֵԭϣǷӦͬйԿԿǷЧ
ڶйʵС롱ǡΧ¡Ѿû顣ؼ
ΰպ롱Ķȡ᲻ЧսԵ£ý
ָͳȻȨòϲûлӦĻرָĿĺ
ҪϵĳɹʵվʵͬһϽָû
еΪһܹ֤ԭϵòܹ㹻ľ棬ô
ʵĺҲˡ

ڴ˴ηʣ˻˵˴ηͬйǩʮŷԪҵͬӾϽ
ҲջСˡΪʲô˵ϣûлľûرأشǷ˴ǩͬ
Сͬ϶࣬ȷʵСЩͬ󲿷̸õģϣľ
·Ŀŷ޳ͿпͳA380ȴͬûκνչӾ
ʣϣ˴˴εй֮вûȡͻơڽɼļ꣬о
нϴչأƺҲֹۡ

뵽ͬԽϵĽҲһξúܲƽ״̬ɻ
ϣδپóͰĳִսԤ衣ս֮йԽ
Ĺңʶֻ̬ѹʿʱãϡҵʵ
ߡȨϵòԭϵЭҲỻѺõĿںţһоϵʵ
ԵĻرֽԵ¹֤ϣȨϵòǵòʧ
Ϊ¹ȨûòûϣߵôԶ¹Իó
ϵԶʤڷߵǾãʵϣձӸ˵⡣˵
йһȾľĻձ෴䡣Ҳ˵
뾭ýλǿԻģġϹϵܲþһ
ӳ

й׶ʷѭ

ԾϽָϣ˱˼ߵĸ߲ƺΪȻ
˵йǳԶ֮ߣܽԶڵľóϣ
ڽзйǶʮһ͵ξôͬйĹϵϵ
ŷս鲼еĵλõĳԶչҲͬйгռݶ
ϣ˾ᵽСƽһ仰ʱйҲ˵ϣ
ʱ䲻Խйǿ֣֮ҲԽй֮Сϣ˶
йֹԤⱻʷ֤ȷĻô˾ͻϣ˵ʱԻߵĵ
ʧǣڵ£ϣΪζйǰ;ģĸݺڣǱߺܸȤ
⡣۵ļдϣʣһáǿϲй
ⲿ繹вϣ˵Ļش˼йʷϴһ׶εʷѭ
ѡϿȻˡй˵Ŀˡϣ˵һݣʵ
ñߴһйʷϺ׶ѭйڷѡ
Ȼ˥ѡϣ˸ǰ׶θйѵȨʵĿǰй
Ƿʢɴɡ֮ʹϣһʷƶϳҲΪʵж
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