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¶Ŀڳ˿һ󲻽⣬ѧ߿һѧ
ˡоȨ֮ڴˣ½͡

һǣҪּĬҪˣҲ˵κιҷ޵γ
ǣ˵ҶҪɺɡǵԣ˼ά򣬾
֮ˡҹ֮˺̫˵ͽӿ԰һ·ܿ
̣ҪʮּˣҮ˵ҪԼģɥΪɥģ


ǣҪһţҽǻţνȮػţ㿴
ɱ飬ҲҪװûΪֻǿڱͷϻߴڱ֮
˶ѡ

ǣҪˣ֪ʶһţⷽǣ֪
ʶﲻڣڵĿģֶε֪ʶ˺;ɸѡ֪ʶ

д˼ƪ淢кĺͻ˵Ȼ
ûʶ֮ҫм¼¡

룬ҲǶԵģһ룬ǴġΪǰߵˣ
ˣ˼ɱˣ˸ԴȻ˵ڿˣȥһݷ֮ʳɣǣ
ʮҾȡݷ֮ʳԻǣ
Ҿ

ǣŵˣ˵ڻţһ⣬Ҳһ⡪
ڶһ͵й˶ԡּģΪ˲Ϊ۶
ҲмˡʶǺܲʶʱģҲв֮ӣ
֪ʵڳ֮·ˡأΪ˽㲻Ӧ˽
顣֮֮Ϊ˽һЩѶѣҲ飬
ıϽȻ˼룬ҪеʶǺΣյġԣ
ڣʮһ͵й·ͻִҳˡ磬һƬй˵
дţǧٸ֮ǻ㡣

ǣԭԭ򣬿һֵܣìһ񵼵ͷ
һ

֮ԴˣΪһʽĹĴǡǶ
˵ĲɷãҲο˵ӢԴΪ֮
һˣȻݡڴ½Щ֪֮ΣգȴƫƫҪ
֮ˣ֮дֺͳˡǣڵ³ⱾΪ߲д
洫

Ǵ½ҡġ¥Ρ뺣֪ڶɱ
Ϊĺĳķ̬ˡBBCĹ㲥ɷáȻ
٤һԥ˼֣ǣĹȻı̬ڵش
Ĭ֮֮һķԣ֮Ҳ˼֡ϧİͽ𣬱
ǾͺܹˣǺܺܲǣǵĲȥ֮
Ȼ֮ţԳɶԱȣԳɷ

ǰݶŵҹǿһ棬ȷʵһб磬
Ű֮ѧߡºµǻʶǺֱԸԽϵģ˼Ľ

ʵ񣬲Ը֮־Ϊתơë˵粻ֹ
壺һǣëΪҪǣҪǣ˭־й
ʲô־𣿲ǣҲǡԼ˵˵ɲ־ǣ
ȷʵ־֮ʼҪ֮ƷʣҪʱȥ͵
֮ɡһġΪڵغͺߺ٣ԣʽһ
Ρ


ܷë

    Ļֶ֮1952꣬ëϯܾ֮
򵥣Ϊֻϲйŵѧ

1957꣬дһʫ˵ǡܼѡ˵ʱӵëϯġ
ëΪ֯ˡ绤֪ǡ߳

1958꣬죬硣ëּⱻ͵ú͸˵ڸ
Ӣʮ꣬ˡҪӢ빲岻Ҫþá
˵Ʃ˵Ķʳûܽǵһǧǧ
ǧٺͰǧѧ

1960꣬йչҪһʳڹٷϣ
꡷ʱǺ³ѩѾʷ֡ӵ³ѩһǸɲ
˵쵼ҪСģҪʷһԺ˴ƨɣ˼
ҪƽԺ㿪ױʬ̸19991229ա

ǸʱڣһĿ顣һѧʷеë¼ɾˡ
Ϊ˵дʷ˵ΪдܿЦ
߽ܡΪйľֱⱾ顣ߣҺͱ༭֮󣬰еġʥּ
ˡǱƪԭһ롣УǷʱֱĿ
ɿڴľֳȺڴŭûûֱǵ
Ϊ

£ľϱҪֻǶίûҲɣ
ǣĳ´԰ȴΪʮجˡ

ôУۿ桱ʷЩ֮أ
и˲һһ

ǲһ⡣ȣ1949꣬ӵѡڴ½Ȼ
ߺúûġҪ1949ڴ½ˡһЩڴ½ּĬߣ
ҲΪǷɱˡһ򵥵˵β
أͻ㡣ǣǺܺ¡ǣ˵1957꣬һЩ˺±
־ɸ٣1959꣬1966꣬±ơ1989
ˡ

һں񣬲ǵ־Ϊתơй½µ
֪ʶʿҲų뵱ʿԶԣԶԣԣ
ԡһɣǹʹȻѡ׹棬ǻҪ
ᵽǣǣǲģǽ֮һ٣
ܷ⡣ˣúҡǣԲ
Ƿ군˵һҲһǣһЩΪüߣ
úߣʷϤɶģΪһҲֻ
ߣǱζȦģûǸ˵ġܿϧй˲Ǻû
ģûģغգ

ǣ֮ѡһµݣĲԾ֮١ĸУЩ
Ӳʤö١ΪԼţë˼ߣʵԾԾ
ˣϵֱ룬²µ˰˰ϺһֺܿɳܶΪ
ѵ֮ȣЩ֮ѣ޿˵֪Ⱦͬ

ߡӿ԰Ү˵Ծ˵Ǳƣ
˵̴󹴽⸰˵Ҫһ͡
һڽ̴Үվǹ֮һߣ֮һΰˡһڽ̴
⣬ȻϤ̸֮


Ĵ˵

    ϰӢ˴˵ͬΪǴһ֮У
ΪãķǴһֳʶ֮ճʶȥ˵ǺֱԸԵġϧ
ĳʶӢŷ޵ĳʶй˵ʶԲˣǣ
ǰİйŮʿҲץ

º˵ֺ֮񶮵һֳʶʶйɫģ
˵ǻĵΪйΪ˼ά׼ǣ˵ҲΡ
³ѩܱԺ֧ԮչйϾĻ
Ӱ죬ʲôһνģǺ£йһУ
ߣ˵ˡûʶ⡣Ļų֮
˵Σ˵ʵǸͥŮҲΣ˵ʲô˵ʲô
ûоڸΡǰ˽׼ˡѧ䣬ͬ£1999
124ա

߽˵˵ȷǳΡ֪ڱ϶
غѺ̬֮⣬ȴһף֪ΪһˡԶɡ
ġйЩֹ顣

ǲǣҲǡаԲԡ

˵һ¡֮ļ⣬һΪűǷ֮֮
߹˸񣬶˽Ƿ֮࣬ΪǿԽӴýѶ
Ŀ͹ݡ޴ݣ֮֮жϡǲ˵ǣ
Ǵʱжٿ֮ý壬Ѷ˵أǲ
ձͺ־İΧȡĺͶȡ壬˹Ǻ
Ҫһ

˵֮ĳʶжϣΪӴĹźĻѶ
¼ࡣĶӢĶҪġڴ
һ근ʱйһֱֻǿԿձĳʶ͸ˣ
úй˲ˡȻǲָ˹̹š顱
ˡ

ǵģûֺϵֱרƶ֮ɢ
ֻƬȴҲʯ쾪֮

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Ķ¡һֱǵСġҲǳš

ݺˣһӰĹۺ󣬡˵˼
е⡱紥׵磬֮ززҲĪ

˵һֱ໤/ӣСڿء֮ˡӷ˶ʼ
п֪߲֪ضԴʱηģۣһ
ʰĻֻһݵʱ䡣ĸ滹棬
ԲҪܵˡ

ǣʱǻֳΪйٵһϴˡһ
ǣһΪ󵨸ԣ˼ά͸ж֮ˣҲа취ˡ
ָֹ˼άϵҲ˸ģܵĺʶġ


ë˵ǻˣ

ǺܱҵġҲ֣һ屻ˣᣬһ
ˣ֣Ҫ㲻촦Ľ֮԰Σͱþˡ
鲻ֹǰҲйġ˵촦
СЩڼڵλѧУȻҲڼ͸
ӻ߸УڡҵǸǷӵǷԵǺ˻ǻˡ
ļ򵥶صľУȻɶգﵽĵز
ëϯ˵Ҳǻˡëϯڸ˵ң˵治ǻ
ˡǰ˼֪֮Ҽ촦ܱСһʵǼǵҮҲ
ãʥͽҲãʥŮҲڰյİٰʹ֮ʱϵۣ
Բң

ͬԺǶʱ䣬ٶһּΪɬУ
öֿһ֮ʥͽǻͷѡһЩԼҵĽͣ޿ɽУ
Ѷգǰڷ¡Ƿεġ֮֪ᰲȫġǶ
ٶȱŸһ䡣

أھ֮Ժ֮ݲСһμ
Ժ󣬶ӰǺܴġԺһ˵桰
͡ǡĵˣͷһʱ䣬ϰһסһ棬
һ˵͡ġվˡ͸һʱ䳤е㷢ˡ
̸19991226ա

ձġ߼˽⣬һЩɷӣӣجоѣ
ڣڣǼǱУλǣƣ֮ȥġֻڴ˵ʿ֮У
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ʵҪӶ෽濴ڼȻϰߡǱһף
־ڣڣĬڡһӿ˵һ㡣1972ɣӵ
˿п˼ΪأԤֱ군˵
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ǽִ԰ĹµʱǷֵʥͽֵ
ߣȴǲʳ˼̻ߣûȱߣһȱߴ
ȫΰ౻ԻʥͽɱΪʥͽȱȱдﵽ
֮ˡ֮꾭ԣҲһȻ֮ߡĸ
ӵܵϣ˽Զһ棬ȴԴ˶񣬴Աʼ
֮·ɱΪ֮ߣ֮񣿣һصʾ𣿣

һʫˡжһμӼͷųصС
ϵһƻǰȻͦɡǰʰһãͷ
صġִûнˮƣ̻Ϊ˻ҽ

񴫼ԣ񲨵һεڰҹԺʮң
ַ롶ɧΪӢģҶ֮ƯӢ˫壻ţӢĿи
ġ͵εķҲıģ˵һ
֮

ڵͱģһҮ֮α¾ڵĹ¡

ҲԴ̸

һǣΪʲô繹粻Үյĳ̸Ϊջ̵˵
ԪҮյĵ̸˳µģǣʷʱǰ
ά˵ԼάǸʱķһۼĻʫ裬
ģҲ˵һۺҮʼʷ˵֮ĵģࡣ

ǣΪһʱʱ˫ݵʫ˺ѧңڽѧߣ
˵ĻǣѰϵ۵ּϣ˼䣬ͷ׷
Ӷıһڳֻܿ࣬Ҫʵֵ˵̡ĺеΤ
׷֮أ˵Ĳ䣬Ҳνѿص㡣

ǣӿ̻ʵӳҮա
ͬʱһĨһϽһصתҮյĳݣ
ΪŮʥĸĳݣʥĸĳݣĻΪ˼ıĵĳݣ
ٻߣģ˵ıʵ棬֮תʥݣӶʹ
׳ݣĳϵʥݡ

ǣʥݣ׳ݣڡһַƣ
˱ġһŮ˵ĳּϸ֤ʵıѡΪԺ
⹹ṩزĺЦϡ

壬Ľ⹹˵ΪϵĽ⹹ʫΪݺͽ⹹˫ضΪһ
ɻͻɱߣأӶʹĶߣһԭ
ּĸ񻰣ȡ֧ҮպŮ񣬽಻˵֮±ÿ˵
漰ʥֻ漰ײ档

 μ÷տ˷˹ġ

˵ıĵݶ϶ȷˡĵΣѧ
ҵͷ֣ȻҲڴŮʿͷдڡҲйй
ҲתΪһˡйʵʲôڴһж
شҲڣ

ǲڣܹܵпѣԼĶӾȻӢ
ԷٵıʵĸͺĵıУҲһȾǰй
ãûҮʽģʽãʾӱ֮࣬
ʱйŵѧ͹ŵþ֡йյģҲġйһΣҲ
ǲпеĶڴʫˣϤλöգſڰٰĻĵҰ
ǰͦסͦסһУʫ˵ǣǽ⹹õεʱ
ΣҲһ֮ɻˡǡۡһۡ
һ˶ʮ͵Ļĵ


ڻĵĽ

    ĵǶʮһпѵܽᡣ

ѧ˵ʮɱ͡ɱǲпģģҲ
ĵģĵ溬һֱĺͿЦĳɷ֣ڿЦǰ䱩оģ
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Ⱥߵ·̡ĵ֮·ϣĵߣܹվԵĲϡۿ
桱ͱĵЮȥǱɱδ֪ߣ֪ʱż
Իӳⷽһŵһϸıµԣ֪ġ

ĵڣǿ󣬲ɱǷģȫλӺҼӵԲ
ҲۼԽּӪǵһڼ
ͻƶķȳκ˼ڡǶԽ׳
˵ⲻ֪ǻţʵͬһ飻˼ĵߣ
ȴΪ˼ķɶͶΪڻϵˡ

ǣĵķΪҲһԵĸӳɱ߳ޡ
ĸìΪ֤

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ǣĵҲй顣йʮĳĵ˿Υʶ
ģй֮ԭ

ĵһ˵ٿ˻ĵʱ꣬
Ҫһֻĵĸĵͬ˹ͬĻĵĵ
ƹ֪֮Ĺ¸߳ҲԻĵʼͽβġЩ
֮ꡱдںߣʳܵس졣ꡰ˧硱ԺĻĵ
Ͳǡ겻ʶζׯǵĴԽˣɼһϯ֮
Ƭ߳԰Ϊ౳֮ʮּܣִ
ׯתΪҮʽѳ

һ棬ǱһҲǳ˵һһΪ˵磬
׼֮ȵȡϸϸ۲죬ʵǵһǶĽϣǶ
漯϶ɵĸӵĶλͺͳһһʽеΪˣ
ˣԻ񡪡жϣʹ˿һܺõĴ𰸡

Ҳ漰֮һʫ裬ݡ˳
ͱڡϱʱ׼ʱѣʱѱѡѵòɣʮغ󣬾־С
Ѵ⣬ɣºī׷Ǽҳʤۡʸ
Ȼֽ̡翪̸ʣЦݲòϲɽΣֹʻȼ
˭ߣ褲һã֮⸴ԣһبǧţ
ʹ׷˺ꡣڽͷãղԵΪΪ֮Ȼ
ΪҳģԱĪñ׷ǿкաһ·˳ףڣ
ٱǰ·ء̽                2004329
Ӿʮأ뾩˲ʮһꡣѮרμ굮
뾩ǰˡʫһǰϷͣһգ˳
ϡж䣬Լע͡

ϡ䣬ƽʳ߹ҽٳ֬
䣬Сɡ֮򲡰Ѿƽˡ硱䣬
褡Ⱦ䣬褸ŶμӸսʱ죬Լ
ʽӴΪҵĿսĻˣ񡰶źţΪֿ˺
Ĺܣǰ˵ĺ˽ûˡһáΪӳɾ䡣
Ⱦ䣬ָ˼ҡĻڽͰĳҷá䣬ϳƷ
ΪҳѸ֮漰ҷ˾Ƽҳӡ

֣ˡ׾ϴʣξʫСƣΪɾ䡣¡
䣬СΪʫΪơ֮˵

ءͬ۹־

ɡһں֪ľ֮
ϵİɣ




һ㣬ʱ¹й˶ƶ֮ѡ⡣е㸴ӡ
Ϊѡһߣ˵ӵ֮ˡ
һ壬ӵ֮ߣǺˡ˵Ҫһ
ʲôʲôɣ֣˵
еʱ֮ǽһΡҾͼǵ仰һ˵֮ѧΪ
֮ѧΪˡڹһˣΪġҾ
롣

еҲеڡΪ񶨵ܶ࣬õԸ
µǡҪϣҲҪڵϡǾνãй
ִڵϽõĳԣһαϵתΪħħ
תΪϵۣ࣬б֮Ҫԣ˼ϵ۵ʱΰ·
һ仰й©ˡ˵һ˼֮⣺ϵ۾ǲħ
Ľʦ ·º硷ķķţ

һ棬һֱ˵֮֮ѡʮйȷʵ
γɹһβСִǸִڿˮ׼ƽƽΪȣЩǣ
ʿǣһЩΪΪߣ֮֮Ͻ֮ϵҲһ
ڶ֪ʶ֮ߡ

ǲ˽ĻѼƻúɻΪһ̸ȵȡԣ
Ϊȷй·ĸǣйûʵʵ
ûУǱˣţ㿪ŵһϣйͻһٸ
Ŵ󹫱

ѡ1949.Ҳӵ1958ĴԾɶġ˵ǰȨһ
۵ġ

Ҳһ⡣йʲôȻһ˵ǣйһ
ʷĻ֮أĻһ˵ǣйȨǹһ˵
ǣйǹԺĻ˴һͳȵȡǳϵڶ˵ġΪ
ǴСͱĸֵĹһ˵ǸȨþͲˣǲͬġ
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ɽܹ˵ǰ峯й˵ڶڹȨƺҲ
ЩڱۡȷǸۡװվлʲô˵
ϣҲɴ˲磬ʢʱ˵޳ܵйһۡ˵
ǣйˣ޳𣿡

