˹̹Ȩ˼йӰ


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  ˹̹һλΰĿѧңΪ̽ѧܶͬʱһλ
йǿθе繫һĹ
ⷽ۱ȿѧĻҪࡣ˹̹˵Ŀѧ̽ʹΪһ
Եˡ(a believing rationalist)ʵϣᴩȫ˼
۵ģҲ۵
  ˹̹ʷϽеսһΪƽ
ߺšŭĿʮ¹ɴʮ(McCarth
y)ĲⱣͬķ˹һǴ˸
̨ɴıУֿѷ롤Ͷ(Max von Laue)дȰҪȡ
̬ȣնػش𣺡ʣҪǲ³ŵ(Giordano Bruno)˹ŵɯ
(Spinoza)̩(Voltaire)ͺ鱤(Humboldt)Ҳ룬£ô
ǵĴأҶ˵Ļûһָеڣҵж
Ϊ񡣡ʮڽһȨʱ˵ڳʱڣҶ
ЩΪǷǳӵĺͲҵǳĬͻʹҾ
ڷͬıһڿѧΰ׵ˣԴ
ࡢ飬ʷû
  ־񣬰˹̹йܵĿѻеͬ顣һŶ
ձѧ;Ϻ죬ܵйǵƶ
壬űţĲпŰһ͵ġǿ塣һ
һ꣬ձռйʡһȫձȡ
Ʋáһʮ³¶Ϻ˹̹(B. Russell)
(J. Dewey)µ罯ʯҪͷų¶㡣һ£ΪԮ
вλſյ֪ʶ(߾ӡ)Ͷʮλ
Ļ֪ʿµй֣ҪҪɡ
  ˹̹ۣһһ꿪ʼйдܣرͨһŶ
ѧйѧ˾޴Ӱ졣ڰ˹̹˼룬
һſʼйͨ˹̹ۼҵۡ(Mein 
Weltbild)뱾һλѧѧҶǸһ
귨뱾תġȫսȳγɣˣĳƺδ֪
ʶע⣬ٱûһƪ¡һϴѧǰ(һ
)ضҵ飬˼⣬
磬һ˵ģΪ˶˲
ΪҶ档ҵʹǱˣʹпܷչΪ
ܵˡӦǵʹӣǲӦҵū
˹ϵ۵㣬ͬҴСܵĽ෴ֱӳ˵ʱ
ġϣµһĿںţʹ˼Ȼʡ
  ļ˼ġһ귢¡ҵۡУ˹̹
ׯ棺ҵ塣ÿ˶Ϊ˶ܵأ
κ˳Ϊݵż񡣡һҪɣǿȵרƶȺܿ
ͻḯ䡣ΪģһЩƷµӵˣţ
ı̳УһǧŲ׵ĹɡͬӢʷѧҰ˶
(Lord Acton)ԡȨ򸯰ܣȨԸܡáʹѹ
Եľƶȣ˼ָһܹžֶ
нƾһʹҶӡԳһԣֻǳ
һͿȫҪˡЩľ
ܵ𺳡ϧãҽ˼壬ð˹̹
ι۵ͬ˼Ľ׼޲׼ר۸룬òһ
ֱʮ弸δ֮Ҳڰ˹̹
ʲ׼ߡһߡ
  ˹̹ҵۡ뱾ĳ棬йһֱû죬
ӳͳݰ˹̹Ժ־ѧһΪ㵹
Ϊٵ⡣ѧĴѧҴδںͬѧ̸۹Ȿ
顣ȻҪڳڵսһľë󶫷Ķԡ
塱(ν塱)С
  ǣʮйձʱ˹̹Ǵַ
ȨĿաֹЪ˹ͶսߵۣȻսͳ
սʱڳڷʶ̬Ҫ˹̹Ϊһĺƽս
ʿ˵ߵΪʶܵʱҲһЩЧ
˹̹Ϊһ갮˹̹ʱԴҶڱ
ġر˰˹̹һһλܵԺ
ίԱᡱѶĽʦĸźһԡɷǳίԱ
ʵĻش
  ϧþŶ֪ʶ˶ļӽƽ˵嶼
ʲ׼ñӣ⵽С޲׼Ļڼ䣬
ʱ(һˡһ)а˹̹˶˹̹˵ǡ
Ȼѧʲ׼ѧȨ
ѧġһ족һ׹Ļӣ̱Ǯ
¹򡣡˶֮֮ͣնʮʮ¹η
ͷ˹̹˶ȣй֮޲ιٷ˶ѧ
粢޶гѧҲȡ˵̬ȡ
  ĸսҺͼѺ˹̹ļ(빤
ʼһ)½ˣѧ൱ķ졣Ƕ
˹̹˶ĳ׷񶨡˹̹ļĳҲڷһ˼
˶ĺҫע⡣һ깤ɲļ˵Լ
ܵܶһ߰й֯ʱ֯ĸɲ
˹̹ļҫͬй쵼ˣ飬ܹ
֪ʶ˼롣ˣйԪϣһŰڱ̨

  һ߾±¡ؼ˹̹һ꣬Դ˳
ƪⱨ棬԰˹̹Ŀѧסѧ˼롢ΪƷºʷλȫ
ۣڶ챨ժҪȫӰ졣Ұ
Դݵģ˰˹̹һľġΪʲôҪ
βеһλƻû塣ƻñܰŶ
˵ȫūۡĽɣҪһЩѵ⣺
Ȩ;Ȩĸ߶ȼУпֹܷԱȨ޺
Ըأܹʹ˵ȨõϣͬʱȨܹȷһ
ƽأλڱһ֣ǽ˷Ӧʱ
ǽӰĿ֮һ̳һ߾¶ʮճ
ҳϣԡ˹̹ǵΰʾΪ⣬ȫĳ¼˰˹̹
λԴейۣڡǡУĸп
˭ҲûϵʵˣʮǰһλȻѧ
׼ȷԤˡߡ̳԰조Ƿ
ʮͽֱ̣һžżͳ
  һ߾ļʹ˹̹йΪ
Ҫݵġ˹̹ļҲһ棬ʹǶ԰˹̹һֵ
ȨļбȽȫ˽⡣йǸ
ۣ԰˹̹еĸ
ʹǿ۽磬Ҳϡˣһġ˹̹ļرܵ
֪ʶӺʹѧĻӭΪǵɶڣ
ʱѧ鼮ĵ飬˹̹ļСһŰ
Ժγֵйѧ˶ٴŰ˹̹Ӱ졣
ѧмкܴӰѧڷ֮ǰ˹̹˼ĵĴ
ߡй֪ʶĿУ˹̹ΰĿѧҺ˼ңͬʱҲǲ
ӵȨĶʿ˹̹Ȩྫٵļ⣬й
ʵļѶĶУʼһ־õƶǽ
ԶмĹԵİ