ʵ

ܳԴ


Ү 


¹淶ЭαЭ

  ЭһĴʻ㡣һߣڵ
κЭġΪ¹淶ͱ׼ԣԴﲻ
淶ͱ׼淶ͱ׼ȴܴۿۡųӻֱߣʱ
⣬˳ӻǻֱӱֻҪֵãͲӦġҲ
ˡʰʾĳַʵԣĳδʵֵĶ
ʵֲˣ뱾ȴܽ紫ͳʫ˵ȡϣúС
򡰵úСʵҲΪȡСĽҪ
ú¡ˡ¹淶ܴۿۣͲΪ淶Ǩʵ
񣬾ͲΪ롣򣬡ЭӦܻӭĴʻ֮һ
  򣬡Э򼸺ܻӭĴʻ֮һĩң
ƲܾеǰǻЭѸٽˡսʱ𼪶
˹Թ֮ǣȴҲ˹ֿ¡뿪Эָָ
޷ҶǷȻ˴˳ǡۺ족ٱ
ķʱǼᶨվһӦ˵һЭ
ʹһߣʹʵܹͱѧЭ
ΪΣǡ֮¡ʹĽǶȿǣÿ˶Լ
ͬһʵһռ䡱ҶЭ
޷ת룬Ҳб˵ģһԸΪԼ
ڱ˵롣ֻЩǼԭּߣԸԼʥ
мκЭԣۡЭʱӦðѵĲ
εĲ
  ܳڡ֮ºдһƪ£Ϊɫܻ
Ĵ磬һ֣˾棺
  ŮʿһǺܡġڵ찲Ź㳡ûֱӲμӵ
רȨУǰˡصĽɫ䵱ѧ֮
ЭˡһΪ֪ʶӵˣԱսȷվ
һųҪ԰ݡЭɫΪ٣ֱǶ֪ʶ
ӳν¡
  ʵλʵسԾġȥ࣬
ͷҲˣһڣʲôǵ룬ʲôʵ
ȫȻ塣ġ꣬ں⣬йˣԡġ
ʡоľ߹ģȡУҸŷһɹ۵ǣѧ
ʱʱЭǶѧ԰ջǶйδҪ
õöࡣɹ۵ıԽڵġ찲ţӺʷ΢ж
ĽǶȿ(ԡʮйΡţѧһž)
Ϊй˵ġԪϡ֮һҲԼ߾ڹݴ˵ľ
˵ΪѧʱȴԱкô(֮
һžʮº)ȻԲͬ˵Ĺ۵㡣ʵϣҸҲʮ
Ȥ뿴Ƿдһƪ۱˵˾
ǣûнı֮ǰƺѰЭΪ֪ʶ
İˡ˵ݡЭɫǡ֪ʶӳν¡
ôʣǷ֪ʶֻһֽɫ԰أֱݵĽ
ɫкζأǡȷվһߡ(˻ܾǰй׻
׻̻壺վȽ׼ֻϧʹйҲѵ˽̻ˡ
)ô֪ʶӺأ
  ЭⶼǿɳܡɽܵĻôǷָܸһ
ʱôźãºҲá磺Ǻװ
Ȼѡ٣Ǽع㳡Ϊ飬Ϊȫº
޲٣ܰǴʷѧ
  ϧġȥ࣬ºҲΪҲǲ
ڲĵǲڿ˵κ
ݡģֻһƫִһֳԵ͵ԽС
ǵǣԽУʿ֮䡣ԣⲻǲ
⣬֮й˶⡣ƫִ
ļͿĵԽУйǰ;ԡ

˾ѰЭǸ֮

  żȻضعʮǰһƪģСΪ
μҡΪʡʿ̨طѡлʤǰ֮ʱ
в֪ơԡġġʵиָֽ
֮⣬½˶ʵĹϵ
  ֽΪй̳ϣԾˣһǡ˾ӡ
Ϊǵµһ֣Ϊϸĵ±׼(Ϊ
飬Ϊȫĳ嶯ΪϵġЭ롮Э顯ǲµΪ֪
μʱҪԡЭ롮Э顯ķʽʵԴ)
Ϊϲ׽⣬(Ϊ˾ǵ)εĹ۵
ǵĻԵúɡһ෴ѡ¡ŪεĹ
ߣԡΪεʱȻǵʶѱȨ
ռݣƭԼ˽⣬κθС֮
й̳ϣ˾ӶͷԲ壬ε£Ϊ֪Ϊ
ǵġΪÿбɱŪĳ롣
  ⷬڰ˾˼ֱвˣһѪյѧ
ȵĵ񣬵ʵȴһ֪
ʵ壬ѧסڹ㳡ʹǲЭҲ޷
ˣΪѪɱṩ˿ʵһϼ޻ͣѧ
Ⱥ֪躹ޣˣѧ˶һٰѵڸĸ
ڻһ£˾ѧΪ˱ֺ֤ԼΪһֶ
ڵϵĴһֱ뵳ڸĸɺ±ڶһġ
ΡȾԼΪ˱ĸɵġɱﵡ
ʵϽ˰ΣķʽΡ
˵Ļûд˾ʹйֶʶ̬ĿƸˣ
һЩѾ˵Ļ˵ˣһЩܳ鱻ֹйǽˣ
ˡ˾ˣȷʵһ£
  һλһᷴѧ˵ѣΪѧ˶ۡĹ۵ǡѧ
˶Ȼǣ۸ʲô飬ҵǸɲְҵġѧ
ʵѧҵλǵĶ֣һְҵͣЩ˶
Ϸľ̶ȣԶѧǵԣͷѧ˶Ҫ
ãﲻԼĿꡣйѧ˶һ⡣
  Ȼͬλѵ˵˾Ǽ£ָ
µϸ˶ọ̈̄սõõʱȴô
лﵽƽй֮ĿġϧǣȵͶʵ
֪ʹѧǷŹһһĻᡣ˵ѵǷ
磬ȴҲлҪ֮Ч˶Ҫоְ߱ҵθеμ
쵼һᱻְҵáܡ
  ع˰˾꣬ʳʼԺƺȫ񶼾˶ݳһй
ִǰδеȫηѡʱѧ뵳ڵĸĸϣʱ
ȴʹĸܹڵ֤ǵº͵̬ȣճɹʰ˾档
ôĸڵڵĵλͻǿⳡձηѣͳμŲ
һǿйպߵĿʵϣʹǵСƽ
ѹǷܴﵽԤĿ꣬Ҳʮеסڵ־ǿ
ơġȳ̴˴Сƽġһҡ
йܷ˴˹أȷʵǸ⡣˻蹦̵£Ҳ˽
˵ﻰ˾ѧСƽֵĻᣬʹΣƽ
ôΪйպṩһԵķʽ˶ѹã룬
Сƽǹֵɱﶼû֣Ժ󡰽ġһ̨
˭㹻ȨԴǧԸ޴İգ˵
˾Ժƽķʽѧ˻У԰ڵ÷֡ôȵ
Сƽһģ˶˰˾ʽΣôйί
ʱ˭Ҫɻ̹ѹ˭ôᣬ˭Ϳһɱ
ڵζ֣һһܵĽѧ
ԻѰЭйĿʼǣѧߵһ෴
·κ̨£˵ĸκ̨£һҪƵй
ǽƴˡġɱжἰСƽ
˰ѹñʵҪѵö࣬ʵǴ󡰸߹
Ҳûϵ׵رƽϢйѧľǣѹҲ
ûʲô˲ΪδйṩһԷʽ˶Ҫ
ѹѹԽ磬Խ죬ԽףԽãй˶ٿ
¡룬Сġǰһͬ˶й
ί۶ԲߣʱЭԻºͷˣͻðη
աֶָй̶ԣȻǷǳкġ
  ɴ˿ɼһŰ˾꣬ѰЭǶԵġѧ֮
Эͷѵı֡ϼ䡢ŵ(ҶЩ˸Ǻ
)ûһȥȰѧ룬ǩ˸ġ塤һߡԣìͷֱָ
СƽⱾһμǵζĲ˵ѧѪգپ飬׳
֪ʶӾ˶ٴ˶νþɳԸҲسһЩ
Ӧ֪ʶӦѧıԶǣܰѷԵļĳ嶯Ȼڰ
֪꣬ʶӷѧçײûĺӡ
۲ǸºѣڵʱδκιؼĻͬ
ͷԷȣ˸˶١ǣȥ࣬Ӧ
ӲʹľѧʲôҸΪ˾Щܾѧ֮⣬
򼤽֪ʶӣӦøеھκġҸپ
Ϊļ졣

ӦηΪ

  Դָ𣬱̬Ͱ˾һЩͷԵѧûʲô
ѡΡ롰¡Ϊһ̸ΪЭǶԵıѣǲ
ġǣΪ˱֡¡ԣԲΪκڲ
УΡûлһķ롣ڡΡûлһ
ķ֮ǰйԵõЧƽġ
  ڻ޷ҵһ֮һܹйά־޴
ﵱеȶ⻰ʵĽǶ⣬ȷġӵ
һרֵϵ¡ҪսһרƵƣйĸ
ȾӦһʵʹԼĵ룬ʵܹ
׳ԼȻ̸϶൳Ƶ⡣ڰ˾Ժй˶
ѲͬƵο飬ԣ˶ͲӦһַ
ġĵµĺӦڶηְҵġʵ
θеμ쵼άĶŷ֪ʶӣһҪĿɹ֮
ѸٴһĲͬңתΪһʵӰ
ĸμҡΪһû綨
̸ʲôһרأ
  ôζεĶȷĽ綨µĲ֮ͬ
໥ĹϵԾܵķֽУΤġΪһ
־ҵ(Politics as a VocationֽΪΪְҵΡ
)Ϊṩ˷ǳ·
  ΤйΪ۵㣬綨η֮ԡһ۵㣬
Ϊͼ(an ethic of intentions)ڶ۵㣬Ϊ
(an ethic of responsibility)ĹУһԣ
ڡͼڡһСͼ
ʽļӶԣ˵Ϊܳɹܻ
ɥʧԭеĳɹʹɹˣּλҲܴ޷
䱾Դܽ⣻ͬĿһỳĳ
⡣һŰ˾ʮգɾһߣڼһλѧ
䣬ת˴ĵڸĸɵЭʱλѧһػش
ͬѧشΪһңм˵ĽɫӰ
ܳԴָ𣬲ظ˵㳡ϵһĻȻһĻй
ʷɱĳ֮һԽ۵ʱļѧ
Ĺġͬ־šͬĵȼΣͬİȫϵͳͬĦʽ
ƶۣͬͷʵͬû롮ˡͨ
Լͬĸ塭˵ǿԻΪԷľӣһ
룬һиļ䣻һŸջȨĸоһϰ
ΪȨЩͷ˵֡ͼ
˸ٹ̣ǶԣǱͼĴ棬ǿ
ΪĺֻҪͼǶԵģΪǶԵģΪ𡣵㳡ϵһ
Щ䣬ӳѪܵʵԾܲʡԼΣֻǷǴ
һͨڵһЩ֪ʶЩۣʵʧ֮ǰᵽ
ıߵλѷ߷ߵ˵ɱˣȫʵתǴô
ˣ˽֪ĳʶǵԶ壬꼰
ѵûô

̨ѧ˵ľֵý

  һݡµˣΪͻȫȻͬ
ʮȫʮ£ʮȫʮˡԼͼʮȫʮʹ
ʮȫʮӦǵģΪԤĺ为
ЭĲ˵ʹԼۿۡʵεĲ
˵ǸӽӽԼĿꡣ£ȻҪЭΪ
ԤĺΪ׼Ļ룬ڿΪ֮ÿһǷڵµ
Զԣһķ롣ڵĻӵµĹ۵Եģ
λķ롣԰˾ʵβ棬ûκι
ִ̨ܹĿܡֵֻ֧ڶԼһɣ
СƽƣֻҪû׳ִ̨
̣Ҳֻں͹ԻЭĹƽ
  󣬱߽ӴһЩ̨ѧ˶ĹǸɡ˾Ժ̨ҲƵ
ѧ˶Ҳ漫˻ѧҪǻǰԻ
Ҳû黹Ǻƽˡʱһλѧид˵˶
һƺʹ½˾꼸һ˭˭˶쵼Ȩ
ĹȦֱܡǻǳɹˡʹ༼ɣ
ᡣ磬λͻȻʳһӳ˶ȷ档ʱ
ǾͱɳλͬѧǵľʳΪΪ˶Ļͷ
Ǳﱣƣſɽתע⣬ִս
ˣǳ귴񵳵ģǻҲ޺øУʱ˿̣ȴòñ֮
ܴݻǻڵڵĵλʹ½ѧܾ֣γ
ĶԱȡ˵˼γһķ룬ǲ
е룬аֵ뻯ΪΪ
  ۴½ˣӰ˾ѧ䵽֮ܳ࣬ʲôǸ
Ϊƺһ֪ǲμλȴȱθк侲ж
һ֡޽˷ܡ(Sterile Excitement)֧䡣֡޽˷ܡ
˵ɡλþ롰ԽСؼɡ
λþԼŵĿںűΪչֵʵ壬Ժںžͱʵ
ľΪڴֻþ֮£Щ֪ʶӾ
£ʹǾΨ壬ԽȻλþ롰
ԽСĽȻһֲݵġԿ͹ʵ޷֪ķ˼ϵͳ
һԸΪԼҪһɹ˱޷Կ͹۵ʵԼԼ
ͬΪʵ˽⣬ȡӦĴʩ£λ
Ȼܲʵʵĳɹ
  ڰ˾˵ĹУѧʼִԼ϶룬Ѽֺͱ
ΪǵһΪĺġȵչʳձ֮ͬʱѧ
һֳʥ͵ıĻþԼѴˡġκЭ
Ƕԡġļ̤κ˵ĻȥԴΧǵʵ
ҲԸԼĸ߽ӵĶ־˱硣־
ΨҶĵԽУԼɴĶԼƫִ
˵ۺΪĲݣԱڲܳϡݲ
Эܲ˱˻عĻɫܻҡֻܰһ
ɫʵڿ֡ΨҶ̬빲кβͬ

ܳʧ

  ܳĵƫִ֢ģһ˵׼ɥʧС
۴ʱһڵıǡüŮô˹ϵһЩ
֧ȨɵĽַĿǰۣñһ˰ˡ
ӽȥŮڲֿܳȵĵ͵ԽеҰ
ȫ֧Ȩɵкܶ࣬Ƕƽ
Ȩܳǳͬ⣬Դ磬Ҳܳǳͬ
ۡŵĵǣЩԲͬɵǣԲܳһλ
˲жáŮִʻһλŮԣȽһµۣɥ
ʧ˵Ļ˸
  ߱ˣӦûʲô˵ˣм仰ǲò˵ܳ
¶⣬أ˵⣬ҲֵǴС
֮ݵ¸ָǣܳ⣬ĳ̶ֳϣ
Ӧ˺˱⣺β֣»ʵԽԽȱ
Զ뱾ֻ£µĸߵ
ףһʵкѡΪᣬзɱϣ
˵ĵ¸ߵļֵҲܽӽڹڣɣ
¸ߵٷʶ̬Υ¸ߵȷʵҪЩ֮ʵ
з棬Զ뱾޷ֵڵ˵ĿѣҲص
ٵڡݹ⣬پҽӴĴ
ڵʿԣȻδ޳ɿֶٰȨݹѹϣ
йݹΪйкôԲͬǵĸ
ܺжϣǣΪһӺйˣӦЩʵ
ǵ뷨иءܳΪΪйݹ
λ˵仰ǿɳܡΪһθеˣӺ⣬ӦԼ
һԾԼȱĲǵ¸ߵʵСˣӦٳߵ
ȥڵʵźǣβ֣Լ»
ʹٺʿ֮¸ߵԽԽߣʵԽԽ١
ֺۣʲô£عСɧڹ
ڣһ乲ʹܿշٻҪ
ʲôԱԼķ롣Щ˵Ѻ͵
ϰյöйԽԽûгйԽ
Խ֤ǵȷʹԽз⻰жٵ
ٷӳ˹뺣˵룬±Ƿֵúܺ÷˼һأ


Ϊعڹ޿ָ

  һȻġʿ״ⱾѰԼһ
ϲˡΪĲݣʹ֡塱ʼֺ
Ȩ󡣽ڡع۱һҸ˵ĵ±׼
ֻҪˣ¶ԣôعνϽдڹ飬
ΪӢۡǶ˵ءսʱ
²ӪлڹģӢԡǹɡֳ
֮ͬλعֻ֮ңھܾй
ףڻǴһһĹ£ȷʵʹ˶ԱȻ𾴡
豱Ϊžۣڲ˵£ͷڽأ
ѵʲôָһвȵµĻڹǲЧġ˰
ֻڹ£вв˵Ĺ߾ʧˡ̸ܳϣ
ʹвв˵Ĺ߸Чйʿİ
ӰĽù˵Ļ˵ֹ˵ɵһʲô
׶ˡʵҲ˵ֻףһλ־й
ɵʿΪ˸Чؽйʷ̣ڲ˵£
ڹһ£ԻعΪǱ
  塱˹ڿ󣬻ΪΪʹ޷
ʵһҿص⡣֪й
ɣҲ˲ٵĽ˶һʵӦӣȻ̸
ԼĶԲߡҵĸоǲʵ֮ͮ
ơٵķٺ͸ĸ룬Ұصͨ
ͺ⡣⻰Ƿеأйĸĸȷʵ
ҼأôľûˣĹĸ᲻أ
ܸйôĹҴǡٵķ١ģйǺأСƽ
ǿ̨İ˹ͳƾʲôйʣ෴ġ֮
һƲýһƲáֻйԼѾøˣʹйǮ׬֮
ˣʲŲòκһʮ˿ڵĴ˵άһ
ǡٵķ١άֵġй⼸꾭ɣṹ仯޴
˾ǰ˲ͬߺ˼Ļ֪ʶܵѹ⣬
ϰеɶˡʵǡ١ڱε
ֻʵܽʵıʵ֮ˣһ;ĩ·֮
Уƺѱ׳йʷ֮ˡҪ߳һҪ֮񣬾
Ρ롰¡򣬶һʵкθУ۾ʵ
磬ٿһЩĿͷ֧Ʊ