ϵ

--Ҷά̸


¿


Ⱥ١סϷ

£ôѣ٩֮࣬漰ִ
ġȺ(community)⣺磬ִ(й)
ռݵĲͬλĿܷչǿԴѧЩ֮ϵ
Ĵͳ״򵽣ⲻ浽ҵ淽ʽǰ
Ҳ漰ι⡣

ţĿǰѧ硢֪ʶ˼ҲбȽ̵ķ˼ָ
ҪǡȺ⡣

£νȺĺ壬Ҫָм߶ȵĽṹԵļϡ
͸һʵϣų߶ȴСͬļϣһ
Լ(Quebec)ʸļϣСͥм
Ҳݵά(WacoTexas)Է¼ڽ̽ɡ
  ӷ߼ȥƵף
ռԪǸˡȻǵʷԼִϵĲͬ״̬
ΪʲôԲȡ̬ĵԪ磬ͥ壬䣬ѧУ˾
Ⱥ䣬ڽ......أ
  ǸԵ⡣˾԰ѼͥĻȺΪ
ԴĻԪҷֻ淶Ԫ֮ĹϵΪ׼򣬸Ԫڲ
жڲ淶ֻҪΥܹ涨ĸԪⲿΪ򣬹
øԤԪڲĳС˵ġ׼
ġȨϡԭһЩ쵼˿кʱ֡ǲѷ
֮ͬ
  Ҫ۵ĹؼǣһǷϺ壿ڶǷеͨ
  룬ȺһйͬͬϰԡͬĻԸ
һġôĳЩ£ЩȺΪᵥԪҲǲܵġ
  ǵһƬ֤ˡ(Witness)ݶˣΨڵ
һⲿ(Amish)ӡȥι۹һΣ
ҼҲԶıݡAmish˵صǾִܾõ绰
ӵȶԼǰΪӱڽȺӵ¹ʿһǨ
ġάֵڽ̣źڰ׶ɫΣиŮ֯
飬ֻܰȽ춶д㣬ĿҪAmishĻ
ĻΧʮӢ˾ȵǣ֡顢աȺ
Ȼִеĸڴˣ300֮ã
  ڵǣȺᵥԪЩѸӵȨ
棬ָһǰԵԭǣԪܷɳ룬
뿪ܣǾԷġĳ˲Ըŵع淶
ȺڲǷȨǿڵԪڣǿӹ淶أȻܡ
ܣͬûвˡʵϣAmash ԣдԼ߷֮һ
AmishӾ뿪Ⱥ䡣Ըġ
  ɽȨڲܷ(ܷԸȨΪ
)ôԸϵйͬϰԺĻȺΪĻԪ
뻹Ӧ濼ǵġ

ţֵɡƽȡע⵽
ƽгͻ廹ʱᣬĺ--fertil
ity--İɡʵǡȺ˼ȥѧ
ѧѧ۵ñȽ١һֵ˶ᷢչȽСԭ
Ÿרйء
  ͨɵѡͨԼĹϵÿɲμӣл
Ȩÿ˶涼ԵƣӶһᡣ
гģʽִ֯Ļ䷶ҿĳôչ
ĺԭ򣺸˶ѡȨı
ͨԼ淶˵һչ˵˵档 Peter Ber
ger ˵ģû컯ûɣ컯ܶп飬ɵĿ

  һҪǣҪ˵ȨڸķΧڣ˿һ
ȺںεȴСȺڣ˵Ȩ棬ǵ
ѹǺҪġִԪĻ򡣴⣬Ҳ˽⵽к
ǿġԴʶ֣ڽ̣ԵƩ(Quebec)Ķ
⣬󣬼ôͬԷΪĸ룬뿪ǵġͬ
塱⣬Ⱥرӵ˹̹ǿҪص-ʷ
ϵԭּڽ̣ά(Waco)Ľɣǿҵͬ
ĸԴһġָԴԴ಻ǸԼǸѡ񣬲Ե
ҲͨЭ(£ʷϴġ)ǴʷҲ˵ǴӺ
ĸԴʶġ
  ģʽԴʶǳͻġϣ
ֵýһǵĿ⡣

£ƵۡƩ磬Թᵽһ
㣺ᳫԪôε淽ʽȻҲӦǶԪġ
ÿԼͳηʽζԴԼӦе
ȨйԼ淽ʽġǿй
ʽһΥԪ壿ìܣӦһ۵


ţҿӦ
  һ棬ĻͬȨĺϷԵĸԴԺδ˭Ȩ˵ĳĳ
ǵĻ˵й˲ҪɣҪɣֻҪȺ
ɣôġйˡָйأӵйһĹ
ٸԵӣȿʱ޹һЩ޶ȨĵĿ
ӡȶǩ֡ǵʱμȻNGO(֯)
δǩɼҲз˭ܴù
Ķˣﲢ˵һܴNGOܴ˵һ
ֵ뿼ǣȻġ
  һ棬Ӹ˵ȺУûһЩԭǱ빲ͬ
صģ磬Ȩ˵һļٶִҪĹһЩ
ĳŵ磬ɱˡץˡʹӦӵ
ɡκһִҶصȨһִҲ
ЩԭȨҲǴΪִܰ
ǴĳȨһֹʽṹ
  ȻˣⲢζŲͬĻͲܹչ̬ͬ
Щνֵȵ⣬ͻģ磬춺νˡνˡν
ᡱ˺Ĺϵ......ȵȣĻ֮䴦˳
ͬ룬һǶԪġ
  ˵͵ҪûʲôЭġһȤӣǱ˵¡
(Peter Berger)ģӡȱɷѳĴͳӢֳ
ʱ顣ӡȵıʿ˵ǵĻѾüˣ
ǲܸı䡣ȻӢ˵ҲǵĻһλŮ
ǿΪɷѳᣬ˾ͷıɱҪǵķɡỹ
ֹѳᡣ
  ЩڵϰףЩĻбŪ쾭壬ǣһߵԭ
ȫҰչȫվס磬ǰӡȵѳһӡ
 ·¸ĽǰһǧһֱڵͽþͲܻȵĴͳĽᣬ
̻Ҳܼˡойҵġ(Ϊ٣ΪӸ٣Ϊ
)֮ᣬҪ˼ңڣ϶Ϊ١
ġ֮ᣬڿ١û˵ˡʵϣ
١롰סгͻģס˫죺Тѵܹʳ
ңбš١򲻽ǵ죬ȨģҳƵ
ġô١ͻסǲһִת
ΪӦǷܶĿꡣά֡١ѡ١סĳ
תҴͳͱɡ˵̡Ҳɿǰ쾭
Ҫ̭ˡ
  صǰ⣬ִĸϡȨͨԼķʽһЩ
ȨᡣеκθˣʹһĻ
ڣȨҲӦõϣ͵Ҫ󡣵ͬÿһĻԼɫ
ͨͬĻв㣣Ƿд˿ܣΪС
һ裬Ǵ͵Ҫ̸ģ˸񣬶
ƽĻǵദ֮˶ļֵҴͳҲ
ˣȷˡ񡱺͡档Ȼӡ񡱣ֱ
Ҫģһû˷Ͳά֡ ȻĵҪ
ȫĻļֵ
  ԣǷԴǶ͵Ҫ(minimum requirement)͸߲
μֵʵ(maximum realization)֮ĳͻףٵĸε
⡣

£ȣ벹伸ǰĻͬȨĺϷԵĸԴ⣬Ǽ
ҪġȻ NGO Ĵ漰ģͬĴ
Ⲣ򵥣ǣȻڿ͹жϱ׼漰һؼ㣺
ĴԡǴһȺͨϷȨ
ʸͬ˵㣬רϵȨҲҹϡйԱ
˵ĳĳ¼˺ˡйĸ顱ơǣ˭ǡй񡱣˭ͨ
ֳȨ˵ͨͶƱѡ˵ǹ
ʹôȨ˵һñٳַɻָӷз˴˳
ǵ־Ҫִ֮ͨеġѡٳ򡱣ǸɼϵġϷ
ڵġ˵˵ġԣν
Ԫ淽ʽҪ춣ĵʸйˡ⡰һԪ˵
˭ȨֳȨ
  йʷϵġ쾭塱ִ⹹ǣִԽ⹹
ı׼ʲôΪһǾĳձԵģκס淶
ͬžдڵĺϷԡӡȵġѳᡱͳΪøŮ
Ըԡͳǿ⵱ȻɣøŮ
Ըѳ򣬿㵲ҲסҲûȨһ׼ҲӦõйһЩϰ
׺ʹͳϡ磬ΪӸ١˵ڷŮԸ׵ָ̲ȡä
̬ȣҲҪִСǿԵġҳơڵȻˣ
ǣŮͨԼ˼Ϊ׵ָǺģԸӣ
һˣѾǡΪӸ١ˡ
  Щһʵ־ĲɷָյλǸˡ
  ҲִԭĻݡ



ţȤԼȻҲܵĵӰ죬Ϊ١رǡ׻
ͨ塷ԺӣΪҡסĴͳԪ˵
㻹Ҫע⣬Ʃرᵽ͡йĻɫ
򵹿׼ҵꡱӢݣռǷŮġ⵽
һνġȨأǰ˶Ů˼Ϊά
ҪĳЩҪĻأǲѸӹϵȨṹǰ
ͬ׶ε˼ʹϵбҪصһȨʶۡ
ȨǾԵжϴӶóϷϿɵġǿǵĸ׵Ȩ
ԶͯʱԼġʮʱǿƣĸ
ƣʱ԰άӹϵˡͺӵĹϵͬ
ͬĹϵмһͬһйɡЩ⣬
Ͷͯȱͥ(塢Ⱥ)ܽйءҪаѼֵݵһ
̡

£ҹ۲죬ⷽ棬ִйͳԶе⡣
δûеʶĶͯ꼸ɶһ
Щ⣬ر(teenager)⡣ʵϣΪͯ꣬
Ϻͷϵʶδɣ˵һɶԴĶ
(ȫҸ)ǺйĴͳ෴ȫ
ŮĻȨᣬڳǰҲΨΨŵŵˡͯ

  ּʱׯгɳԭʼġ
ʽͬʱĻĲͬ⡣ЩĻʵеν
(ţӡذ˺ԭסгʽйͳС)ʵ
ǺеġδѳҪ׶֮䣬ׯϵʽ
һޣעĿ̱ʾ½Գ˴֮ʽ
ЩĻҪ˹ȥϢ죬˼ԼĻκȨ
ȷµ淽ʽһȫµľòȺ֮С
ȷʶʽһ֡Ḷ́淶
  ʽᣬǶԴδСߣǱ븺
ͷֵΡйʽᣬ춸ǶԴС
ߣӦǵĶ˸Լ֮ӦΣٰ
ͯˡ
  ȱˡ񡱣δĽģûɡٽ㡱ǿ
תʶʹзɹ涨ĳޣʵϻص⡣


ţйŴġ񡱣Ҫͬ񡱡ɥ񡱲࣬Ƿǳġ
ĳϣǼͥԱһữ̡ǸóԱԼṵͨĿ
ʼRobert Putnam νʱĸȿ
кüܳɹ¼١һЩ
濴б¼ҲѡߵĲأ
һ֮佻ͨرǣЩҵΪĿ
ĵĽࣺͨܶһȾƣ壬μӺϳţ죬۵ġʱ
ͺܶࡣûϵȺʱͺܱһλ
ѧңӡʮı¼ֱ¼ڶУ
ּ߸СһУкܶ컯ĳͻȵȣ
ûз¼һ˽⣬ĹͨǳƵӡȽͽ
ؽͽ֮䣬֮䣬ѧѧ֮䣬ҳڽ
˵ʲôͻͷ͸йԱǰ˽⣬֮
˽ŵաȱֻơ⣬ĻԪҹͨܶĶ
׶빵ͨٵŦԼȽϣһɹӡ 

£˸֮Ľͨ⣬ȺȺ֮ĽͨҲҪԭּ
һЩɱͬȺ֮ĽŹϵܻҪڹͨ

  ԼԭּЩɱŲƫǵȻмԼ
Ȩõıֶϡ޷ͬų־˵
ûʲôֲ壬ֻжѹߵķ()ʵֻҪֲ
кǷǱƵġѹߡͺˡΪʵ
̧ٵ֡ǰȨƵַŵ˱
̨ϣԼŵɱ޹ıϯϡ
  Ӹһ㿴ʹÿֲʽԭּߣ⻹ʵԼ
ûġΪʲôҪȡٳʡɱ޹ķʽԼ
ھϺΪԼ̶
ĹлʤҪһֱĿֲ
ʹŴӡһǿµ

ţ Chales Tayler ᵽϿɵ(politics of recognition)
⡣һɱ˷Ҫý忯ԡҲ
һǿҪϿɡܵһΡҺ޳˵ǿɱ
Ǽֵı򲻸ʾǿҵķʽмǿ
ڲŪһɫⲿǵˣ̬߱(໥ͨ)ˮ
Ⱦˡ
  κᣬֻҪڣ䱳ᶼһơһʶһ֡
ʶƻˣҪٽͷǳѡ˹(Harbermas)Ϊ
õĹͨǴҶһѧϰ飬⵱ȻѡһǸ
˽ȥһ׻ƣڡϷлԸ
˽һ⣬ôȻһƽģȴһ
ķΧнУûܵشݲУỹάȥ˵
·һˣ໥̸ʲôģ졣ͻȻ㷢
Ҫ˺ԣвͼ϶Իͻֹ
֮ĹͨҲ⡣̸֮УֶԷͼ̸Ϊ
̡

£ԶĴͶԶĸܣǿӰԻʵϣ
ǵճԻ˱֮⣬Ǳ齻ǾĽ
ͨ˫ģ㽻Ǳ㽻ͬʱǱжԶԷͼ
ĿĵֱΪ׼ȷ־Ƿģڽ
һҪĸӵĲ档һЩͷǱ
µġ

ţǰġʱΪĿԲԣûͼģ乵ֱͨ
۵Դḻ(£е󿵵ۼ˵ġĿĵĿԡ)
ϳţķͼΪ˳ãҪﵽЧһҪ
¡ӶʹҺг

£ϳıУԱҪַԼҪ˼Ч
Ϊ׷ǿ֡ԭˡ֡Ϊ̻Ļƣ
һгᣬǱĬĹǼ΢ġ㵸߶
ġ֡йĻʽ΢ʧˣй˺ձһ
ѭ浸صСͷһֱǸѽաҲ̫ˡԽǹ
ϵءչԽǷԭԵġĻͿ
ԼϢˡ

ţӵ仰ͺ˼ʫ Լ񣬳֡ľ
ڡ֡档˵ǡʥ֮ʱߡʱ
ģ񡱣ֿʼʱǡ(֮)ǡ
()˸ɡмֵġ͡Ⱥɵ
һԵĸ塣  

֮ĻͬĻ

£̸ȺȺ֮Ľͨ춴гҪá
мһĻ֮໥á໥Ӱ졣ҹȥҲдйĻ
չͬʱйĻҲ˱Σġйԡĵ⣬
ǲɱġǣʲô޶֮ڣñԿرΪй

  ϵҲμӹļֻᣬرѧ̡̻ͨԻֻᣬ
ڻ϶̸ʽĻͽŻ̵ҵĿ⣬һ
ϵĿݴȺֲͬĻؽֵġǣҲһֱ˼
һ⣬ԪĻĸ⡣ĸҪķ춣
ǺĻѧ˵ԽǶص(ֻҪֶԲ˺˵
ں)ԽдڼֵԽǾԭԡԴԵĶ춶ԪĻ
԰ĹҲԽǶԪĻӦ֮塣ĻڽӴ
У໥ĲСȻĳ̶ֳģԵɫ
ԽԽͬ²¡۽ƵҲ
ɥʧԼġͬԼĻԡ浥
˵ֻҪ˼ˣά֡ԭԭζ壬ԭԭζĻ
ͽԭԭζķ̸ɮδһ¡
  ؼദͶͬȷʵǺܸߵľ硣

ţǳҪмʵӦ˵ʧܵġ1962굽
ʱᳫ¯ʵʧˡղ(ԭζ)
¯ʵʵϾǡӻ⡱ζ70ʼ
ͻȺʶ͡ԴԡѧHans Kuhn ʼν
ԼĻȺеĶƺ岻Щеġ
ʶ硰ĸ׵ΰ󡱵ȵȣԵȻԣ˼ղ̸ḷ́
Ļʹɥʧһ֡顱ⲻܵҿܸࡣ
һ֣ǡԭּ塱ԺǿԲܹͨҽ
ˣȻҲСԣĳϣǱѡ涼Ҫһ
ǿԵġԴתңһ棬ǿҵͬ
ͨתᣬûбŪݸḻڱȽڽѧϣһ
ȡһ壬ڴڶǼݲϺܽʵ
ǰһװҵĴǶԪ塣Ԫ׶Ϊ
塣ҪԪԣҪţգҪʹͬǶ
Ҫġؼߡ
  ѧһص㣬κη涼ǿġڽ̣
ĽɣʥǵͯȡѧȴûСԭΪʲô
ᵽʽĻͽΪҿŻѡģұѡ񣻵
Ϊҳûѡġͽδѡڻ
㲻ȥϴܳΪͽǽ˵㼴ʹ
ͽͽ㻹ѭ˵ΪڴͳϲΪǡڽ
ദĻ֮ˣܳһ״ĳ־
еĻͽתеķͽԼƵĻؽͽȡȻ
ǲǴڻʽĵ˹ֻؽʽĻͽʽĻͽǾ
ˡ

ҵĵͳ

£ϸ塰ҡĸ˹̷̵ڽ̵Ĳͬ˵
Ϊһʶʶ֪ʶȺ壬ҵĹŴִ
ܣһԡҡĹǿԽܵġǣЩѧϣ
񻮳ϸ񡰵ͳ
  ֶԡ塱һֵĽ˵ԣйԱ
⵱Ȼһڽ̣Ҳһѧɡϣ˵Ҳһ
ġͳӿģ˼ġͳһ
Ң˴˴ܹӡӵȵȡһͳڽ
Ƿ񻹴ڣУδУ

ţһѧ;ġϵѧ⡣ԡϵѧԣһ˿
о⣬һҶͬ⡣
  ΪأͻĻֻͬңҺīҡųң
ϸ˵100ϡ£ʮλʦÿ˶һɣ
ġһϵͬһϸһ㣬ǡͳ
ҡͳǰᵽ⣬ɽʯ
⣬Ϊᵽ˴ˡߴ˽ġͳ
Ǿá򫡢أȻᷢչԼڵġѧɣ
ΪĲҡͳĴˡ

£ҡһ ġͳɣ

ţ˵ǣҲһԶϡԼ˵ɣҪһ
˵ܵʮ顢ž۽Ӱ죬Ȼܵ츴ۡĲӰ
죬⵱ȻʵΪѧִѧķչһ
κԴ俪ʼҶѧĸָĻӦĻӦ
¾˵ˣȻǿĻӦ̫׵ĻӦĵĻӦ
  ڷоңѡʮ(ʮ顢롢Ǯ
ž۽ƾ㡢Ĳ츴ۡ)ܴɣҲѯ̨塢
ѧͬʵ˵ʮ˶һ£ߡ˸غϵģҺܾ
ȡ⣬϶ԷȽϴЩ츴飻ȻǷ
ԸͬҲ⣻ӢʱöԵĻǮ¾Ͳ
ǱȽעѧѻƬսķչ硣мرҪǵ
ѧ⡱ˣάͮ㡵ȡ⣬ڿսǰÿ
ƪ¶Ǿ䣬Ͷ49ȫ·ˡأ
ȻǱйѧʷ±ࡷظǷصأ
Ϊȷʵ˼Ĵͳ棬Ȼַչһµѧϵأ
˵ɣȻңȻ˼˸Դ
ҴͳӰ㿴ġб¶Ĺ۵㣬ҲΪ
˼ߵǿ
  ԣáͳصĴʣ˵ͬϵǺ
ҪġΪӿӡӡӣ桢䡢½ɽ
𣬵ִĿԼʮλÿһλкܴ
Ӱ졣ʮλУʮ⣬ûһλûм൱ˡ
ơĲ죬ҵʦ80ҼΣž۽
൱ԾҲл档

£ž۽⣬Լעܽ¹ѧʿѧλ
ΪѧߣǶʮսһͬʱ1958꺣⡰й
ĻԡҪִˣдΪλңǵ
֮ĵĴлġܷ(̨
ʹ)ܷΪйõһܷˣǴʲôǶȿ
ҪԶǲԶġҲΪԼҲѧѧģԶ·̾
ӸȤ

ѧ

ţŷǳֵע⡣껹ˡӡ־רر
й⡣
  ڶңΪں⣬ԶԴ½ѧ߼ʮ׿ķܶ˽
࣬׼ԪȡҾöӦи̵
һпܶķչشϾһľ
Դ뺣ѧǲͬġ
  ԼΪһߣй񣬸йľ״
ʶйĻܹչƶȵԴǳ
֪ʱɡȨͱ˳û
ãͱѧȡˣйķչ˿ĵ·
Ŀǰڽʢʶ̬ⶨ״£˽壬
ȥķչδһʲô·ģ

£Ȼˣ͸˶ԣʮһֱά˶Թ
ͬȻҾΪйпܷչ(Ļ)
Ҵ̬ͬƶȲԣǰ˵ģضҪĳЩ
ձԵĶЩԭȻϡȻҪһȷˣֻҪ
йȥܴǧټִ·ȥƶʷϸֳ
Ҳһйʽᡣ
  ʵϣϣѾй˵᣺̨塢ۡ¼¾
໥ͬƣĻΪľ
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  ǳҲΪһʶ̬ΪҲԼļԭ򣬹ҳ֮
Ҳ޷ϸԭԣǳԽʶ̬ġı
֮һǣи(ڽ̺ʶ̬)ɡˣʶ̬
ǲͻģṩһȷ淽ʽϵͳֻǣ
ִȫͳһʶ̬ķԣݣǿ
ԵзʽκθʾأκҪΪ
̡ԡ
  򵥵˵Ƚ϶ԣ޷رھĺ
Ȩǰ߾(-)߾ǲȨϡ
  ᣬй½Խǵġżشת
䣬ȻɱشԭȵһЩҪҵʷУ
ҲʮйϵľĻ֮һڼȶ
ʷĻؽ
  Ϊֻ־Χ£ҵĸΪľԴܵõҲ
Ƶϳ֡ѧĵڷչˣᵽ塱
ʱҲûСìܡĸоعԴͳֵת
˼ϣҲ漰ν⣬ǺҪġ
  ⣬棬ԣͳνµġƽ
塱Ųرë󶫵ƵڻҲһӰ쵽
״ƶ԰žͲܲһŲӰ졣ѸŲ
Ϊ췴͡ƽ塱ںŵĻһԣΪ
ھϺ;̬ϵԲࡣ۲ͬƶ£磬ͬ
ͬΪ˹ԱԴ½ľͱۺ̨ͬӦϰ
ԱĹϵǰиϰ

ţ͸ķչɺܴѡ̸ƽгͻ
ͻƽȣɾơ纣Ү(F. Hayek)Ϊḣ
ṫƽǷɵġԼһֹʣšӢ塱 
ڵ¹ѧһݽбʾҪһԪϡԪԺҪΪ
ʵϵ߾߻ͨѡֻԪġν
Ρ

£ȻҮ˵һΪ˵Ĺ۵㣬൱顣ڻķ
ɳΪ͵֪Ϊдһй飬ʹԽԽе
Сƽ塱Ųй൱һʱڿ²ɴ⺣Үʽ
ᡣĻԭ򾭵ʷ顣
  ȻҮ˵ϵڵĽŵġһ棬Ϊǿ
ԷݻǧΪĽǿҷԵδᡣ
ʷΪ-ʵ飬ǵͷȣʧܣ
Ԥԡ һ棬ֽƽ(egalitarian society)
ʹǰŷȵļƻúͼȨơЩʷжܾ١Ȼ
ȫⷢڣȻаѾʧܣϾѴʮʷ
ּȳʵǰοԭ塱⡰ǧΪ
ȫĨ㿪ʼһƵڡȳʵĻϣ
ֲԣؽĳϣ涼˼ҵ
ݡ۵ڽšǰؽٵĽ⣬
ѡ񣬲ɻرܡ

ţȤִġгƵĹ۵¢ϡƽ
ȵȣǷҪЩʵΪıĻز


£ӳԶĹ۵㿴ΪЩ󶼱ı䣬θı䡣Ҹ
ԭ򣺵һܽгıľֶΡǰЧ
ʱŴ϶µĹ(硶¢Ϸ)ڶҪĽࡣ
ʽģǾֲʽģߡ
  ǳԣڵΪͷĻƳ˺ܶ⣬Щ
ǴԵΣĸ涼ܵԵ顣ҿ
ЩǺжġʵϣûʲôǲ޸ĵġ
  ǣȣһҲرǿ֮㣬Ϊ
ǸƣڵһĻơ
  һƣеĿŴġڣǳáĻȨ
ġɡЧԡȻ߿Ƽʱýʹ
ǿƼ˵ȺšǣûбȨǿ߲һ
ʵϣڿŵг߼£ƵעĿ
  ע⵽缸Ҫۺ˼Ҷڡ
кܶΪƶһʱ磬ԼƵ
ķ˹(N. Chomsky)дˡһ꣺ڼһ飬
ز´½500ʷҰķġʷ޽
ԡԼǡǡĻȨгڵ
ܸⱾǶԡĻȨ۵ĳ
  ҸҶԣûбɵƣͲķ˹ˡֵ
ǣȨ֪ʶӣɫءķ˹˼ߡ
ֳߣϵȥ˲ֻصԭ
Сܼ򵥣Ƹ׼ж˼룬۳˼ˡͶ
ʵ֮·˸֮šڿҲֻ֮
塱ȴǧ·Ʊضİ֢˲ġ


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ͨ(Ȩ)ĵƶȻȽѡ

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˼ң϶ô˵ˣļܶȡܽԺ
ԴȪκƵҪڡ