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ƽ


222Ƕĸ

  ڣЩ˰Ρڴ޲׼˾¼ΪĻ
ƺͷΪʮ֮ǳ塱찲˶Ϊ
ǣǿʧ֮ͳ
  ԡΪ˷ĸĿںţȻ
춣ǷԵʲôݵʲôֵʲôƩ˵
ĸСּ˵ĳӣĪҲ
ĸＫ·ߵġѡǡҾҶϸɲȻ
ЩԼͶչ١»Ҵ塷ǰ
ί½ڰĶᣬ羾У쵼й顢á
һ(ҫʵΰ)롣ɼν
ҾҶϸɲһϣԵĸ췴ȣ
ʮЦٲѡĿеĸϸɲ߼
ЩϸɲΪʥַˣȻȺЩϸɲΪ
ǡɷ족ǡ׼ڱһȨɵͬʱѹһ
ȺڡȻġȶԷġ췴
  ǰֱжһȺڵķСǣǱ뿴
ʱҪԡµĲУԡ
ķĸι۵㣻ͬȨѹ˼ʼ
Ⱥʡǣڵʱձȱɵĸǲ
ж֮ϸ֣òȡ֡ҼĹ۵㣬
˵⻰Ȩ෴ѹƵȺҲΪֻ
ߵֵȨϴ򵹶ԷԼİȫб֤͵˽֧
ѹң֧ѹķѭַѭĹУȨ
һܼ̤ȨҷԴǿ˵ȵᣬ춷
Ƿǵûеõϣǵõ˸Ͽȫרƣʲ
ôֵأ
  
223Ȫ棡

  ʲ׼·߶룬췴ɶԸ쵼ĹѸٵ

  ʮһʮգڳɶ·㳡һʲ׼·
Ⱥڴᡣϯ̨ϣϾ֡ʡίĸˣһȺ֯
䡣Ὺһ룬ɶ(ƺ)Ĵ֧Ӻʹ˶ս
ŵͷͷǾͺͺɵͷͷǷִ˶һķ
ȺˡȪŴϡĿںšڻвݲճ
죬ɶнͷ˺ֱܶ˶ָܲĴ󣬺
ָ˶ǼɡΧšȪŴϡںţ
չ˼ҵ硣ҲŶȪǰ׶ִз·ߵĴ
Уֻǲ޳óȻ򵹡Ŀںš춡Ŵϡںţ
˵Ѿʮ꣬ᡰšǴġ֧
ƴȪĿ£Ѿˡ岻ˮòĶ(
հëǰίĻ)˱ٴνšⳡ۲ûг
ãܿأɷҲ˺ˡȪĿںš
  ûвμδᡣۿɵĴֱһʱҲ޷ȷһе
ҶȪûкøеġΪӦΪǰ׶Ѫͳ۵Ĳⱸ
Ϊ˵ڰµױѧ´Ĵʱõ
ʡί쵼˵Ӵ֧֡룬Ȫĸ߼ɲѵ
Ĵ
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ողμһٿ췴ɵļᡣϣһλ׶˾ĺ
߽ӣ档ͬѧһҶ²е⡣˵
ĿǰΪֹë󶫡ڴ˾Ĵֱûڹٷʽǣ
ͷ߶ȷŴֱʵԣȻЩĴŴֱ˶
ûܵ׷ȻЩŴֱĹ۵ʹʾԵȨչҹ
ܵĹôŴֱʵҲͲ֤ˣ
廪ɽдľΰĴֱĿıͻ
档˵ڰһë״νӼʱ˳δ
ǵע⣬˵ʮһıֽûһǳϯƬû
ǹ㷺Ĳ룬ôڣ˶о桰⡱
ֻڹϣһûֱӵ֡λ廪
ɽĵУ˵ֻñ˵һѲµ
ס
  ڶ죬죬У԰ⶼûʲôĶ֪ͬѧ׷۴£
ûˢдֱ˽ķΧڡֹ˼죬
ڽͷϼһݱ̬廪ɽ¾һʾ
Уߺ桱򵹵СƽĿںšţɶһ
Щ췴ҲͬĿںţûã˵ĿںѾ˳ɶĴ
С˾ﲻ⣬Ҳ˭ԵĴֱ෴Ŀ
šһµı̬ȫͶģһǰٽӼ
յշ๤ʱ飬쵼ĺë˼սһ
һ󿨳Уߺϯëϯλ漴˵
ǡڴ޲׼˾ķĸ׳ʱǹ
ԣз

224ĻǰĻ
  
  ʵֱˡĿںȫ֮ʣٷҲûеǳκι
˵£Ҳûг硰ɡй
³һĴʡǣ췴ǸšˡĿںȷ
ģνȷǱģǾںһܵõĿ϶
֧֡дĵȻûиݵġݾԷ˻Ĭ
ëŴֱĬϡ廪ɽĴ˵Ĵܹڵ
ëϯڵشġö֮ؽУⱾһȷİʾ
ӵķʽǣ˵жֵ֧ģǹģҲ
ġδ֮ᣬĸĽࡢҦԪ׸廪Ծɽ
мӣȻԴһ¾ڲᣬ͸¶ѶϢȴġȻ
ˣǻʲôɵġɵأ
  ǿԿúĸд˵жñһ˫ɱݣȺ
ǰ̨̨ĽʮʮգŴ
ټڻˣҪԡһʲ׼·ߵ
ʹˮҪ;ϡɴ˲һĴ˵Ĵ
СʱȻ֪йһ̸ܻǿ˵ڹ
˱ȫԵķж޷ĸŪıĲ
Ⱥ޷ǡɱΡȴȻΪȺڱҪ
ëϯ룬ˣһΪͼ
õĿ϶ֻȻĳָʾȡӦж
ǶͬΪǳԼԸ˵δж
췴ֻǳ䵱ĸĹߣǣʱ췴ѵܹ
ĸĹ߶Ϊ
  Ҫһǣ˿ںŵȷʵõȺڵӵ
˵ڴ֮ǰʲ׼·ߵĶѾȡ˻Ի͵ʤǰ׶ѹ
ƵȺѾ½õţִй·ߵĸ쵼----Ҳ׷
֣ˣҺΧһԭȲδϵ˵Ĺ
һֹѸٵȻúܸˡЩǰĳ
Ǹ˷쳣ľǣ㵱Ȩѹ򰤹Ⱥ
˴ǱʾĽȺڵֻҪǻȨǾͺ
ѰʣЩȺڻǻеѹֺͲȫ̷
ĸɲǸʲôв֮⣬Ρʱ
һ˼ȱȨƺĸʵȨṹֲȨƺĻƣȺں͵
ȨɵĳͻѰѡҪôȫӮҪôȫ䡱ĸ֡һ˶쵼Ҫô˳
ҪôһףѶԷ̨ᰲĸȨ˶
ֹ֧⣬ԼҲһУ鲻Խؽ֮
򼫶˵ļȶ̬йءȻ췴֮˿϶ûȷʶ
һ㡣
  δ˶𣬵Ȼİʾյֲǲ˵
ȺڵΪǴĦ⡢ŷͺͼĴ
ܲͬһ³ĸڽӼ׶췴ѧʱ
췴ϾͺĿںţţɶнͷҲˢ˴
ıĸ⣬ΪҶ޶СǰЩʱ廨ŵ׳
ҲΪĸСļν˵ҪøȺڵ
ɿҺͬڣϡʲ׼ɡҷ
ǵãƣëϯָϯ֮⣬˶Իɡ
ı̬ë󶫵Ļ˵˲ʵҷڡձ
Ƭϸˡͷ(ѳͷ񻻳ɵСƽͷ)ЩԲ
ʹҶС˵ķӦҲҲࡣж
ȷ̬չģȻһȺڵ 벢ôӻԾ˵ж
ȺڳֻõĳְʾǴҵͶȴ൱ԭܼ򵥣
з·ȷʵ˹㷺Ĳ

225췴뱣

  ĸֽ׶ΣȺеɱֻѾԾ߳ΡѧУĻλ֮ᣬ
ءҵ춽ֵϽỹйũ壬˸Ⱥ֯
ҲһЩ絥λġȫԹģ֯ÿһλڲֳɶ
ɡǰеһɳΪ췴ɣһɳΪɡߵĽȴ
Ȼ
  ȣĸУûһȺڿԼԼǱɡйǵ
ءһǱʡ˭Լأ͵춳ԼˣȻ
ˡɵñɶɿϵģ۵һϡ
ȤǣϱñӵһͨͬñӻؾԷ˵
һּɵİ취ʱҪֱӱ̬ö˭췴˭Ǳ
ı׼Ȼһᡣ˵ԭίһֵһ㶼ɣ
ν޸ɣǱⷨܡõֱǿ֧
ֱ֣Ϊ쵱ĸ(췴)ΤָҲ
Ϊֻ֯췴Գ֮Ϊɡ
  ɽ߲һԭǣЩɱڲͬĽ׶ΰ˲ͬĽɫ
˵ڲͬĽ׶Σʾͬ塣籱Ϻ
У쵼Թ飬Ӧ췴ɣִָ˷·ߣֱ
Ϊɡ˵ϺΪ˱仯˵Ƕ
һתһ档ǿ϶췴
ѪͳۡʵϺһʼ߲ٵġ
  УȺںȺ֯Աλ쵼̬ȺͶϼ쵼(ʡί)̬
һ¡еķǰ߱ߣеķ߱ǰߡ˶У쵼
ϰ£ž任һŷҲһűʹ췴뱣
ֱøӾ塣
  ʮеĸʷƽ档ҪеĻҲô
סвͬѧһ춴ʦͬѧһ
زμӵϵġں䡱𱬡˵㱣ɻǸ췴

  ȻֻҲ֮ôɵʲôΪ׼
أ˵ֵı׼ǶԴʲ׼·ߵĲ̬ͬȡƺ
·췴ɣִֻ֧з·Ǳɡ׼Ϻ
뱣ɣ˶췴ߡ֯춵
ƺз·߶Ϊ췴ɣȻһֹ֧ɶ
ѹư˶û˶ʧȥ췴ɵͷΡ
  һǣ֪·ֳ·ߡڳɶԼȫ󲿷
ָΪ˷·߼·ߵЩ֯ȴرˡⲢ
ֻĵطϵĵȨɶĮġԭǣ췴ɹ
˵Ŀںʱз·ߵĴȻ൱ʣ˶ܲ
ԷжĬ͹̬ȡʱ򣬱ΨֱָΪ˻
ޣλվˣϾҲΨëϯ֮Ǵӡֻ
벻ȷ̬ȷʾϣǲŻȡ˵
һܻ⣬Ϊıɹڷë·߼·
ֱˡʵϣνַ֧·ά·ߣֻǷ
δ·Ƿ·֮ǰֻǷĳЩ˺δȷ
Ĳþ֮ǰһʥѣתⲿΪϡ
 
226췴뱣ɵĳԱ

  ܵĵͳҲԷ֣췴ɺͱڳԱźܴ
ĲͬڱУԱ࣬Ķ࣬ٷΪӵ˶ࣻ
췴УǵԱ࣬мͥͺ˶࣬ٷΪмӺ
ӵ˶࣬ȥνδ˶ࡣע⣬ߵļֻ춱
ɶԡƩ˺ͷδˣûлͶ˶
ֻͶ˶СУ췴ɡ֪ɶ
ʱÿÿԶ鴿԰췴ɡɷݲڴ벻
У췴ͨơ췴ִëϯĸ·ߣ
˷·ߵĴʱñ벻ͨһǣôں
֮ڵ˸·ߵĴ
  һų޲׼ʲ׼Ⱥ˶У޲׼ӪŽ϶
׼ʲ׼ӪﶼŽ϶޲׼һε
һʼͼԴ͡
  һƪȫĴֱΪʲôμӺɫ췴šУëԶ½ӱ
תΪ췴ʶ仯ëԶ˵Ҳ췴ͬѧߣΪ
ǴӣңʶʵϱЩͬѧ
˼ɵ췴Ŵֱϰ
ΪĺνȽνı׼֤ĳЩȥΪ
мʵȽԸԡëԶһ߳
˵˹۵Ӱ֮Һͬ۵㡣ΪͶĸǰٷ
ЩȽͺȽ׼ΪȻˡ
  ëԶⷬ⿴ԴѧижֻȽı׼
⣬δ漰ͥʷڴѧУ֮٣
ڱ廪͹һصѧʷν۵߸̸ϡ
ѧ췴ɵټҵ췴׳Ƕ
ڼͥʷԱͳëԶ´ֱĽͷΧ
ֳһֽͣԻѹ췴
  з·ѹ췴ۿʼȻǰ׶ε˶Ϊִ
·ߣǰ׶еǱ׷췴һʱ䣬ܷ·ѹ
Ⱥһιٵľ˵׳ҲѹƵ˸ܳΪ
췴ɡɶиȫԵ췴֯к̹ԱҪ˶ڱ
(شߺͷɷ)СѧʦЩ
̹һĿںţںŵȻ⵽ɵķԣ
췴ҲûеõٺӦȻ췴ڣѹ췴ۻ
бģġ

227ѹ췴

  ʮУΪŹţʦ˵ҶԺ̹
֯ʮͬġǣԡںţҲԽܡ
ȫ⣬ܷ·ѹз·ߵԸǿ
ҿֻ˵ҪǺ͡񻹲һ¡
ȻеӦǱһƷʣǱһִζ
ߵĸߵë˼ˮƽߵΪҵľ񣻶
춸棬Ϊ˸ı˴ǿҵԸٱʦǰ
ȷʵйĴ󣬱ǲģôΪܹѹͱ
أԼҲǷ·ߵܺߡΪԼǺܸģҲ
ΪԼΪѹʶźܸΪұͺֻܸǳδ
ϡҵĹ۲죬ʱ˶ѹ췴Ի֮ϵĿ
Ҳˡ
  ȻҪѹ췴ԽѹԽۡǼƣй޲
£޲׼ѹȵʲ׼ĻǸʲ׼Ǹ޲
׼ֻ׼췴׼ɷ졣֪һϵشϣ췴
뱣ɿνԣƽĶۣڸʵ൱һµ
췴ɺγйγ޲׼ר˵췴ɲʹá
ֻ׼췴׼ɷ족һĿںţǽΪǷֿں̫
ױãΪԼֶΡ˶ߺŴϡǲ
ȥŴϵĵظҡ˵ս߽սʮʲ׼ר
޲׼ս߽սߵ쵼һűʮĺ˼쵼
ؽ֮ÿÿҲ꼰ǣЩλɷӡȴû

  νѹ췴ֻǶĸڶԡǶĸڵѹߣһҲ
ǰѹ췴췴ѹЩ
(ãʷ⣬ɢۣȵ)˶⵽ѹƣ
췴·ߵķһЩ쵱Ȩɵķ⵽ѹ
һһ˴ֳлԱӡͨ
ǹ췴ɵĺġ

228ӡ׼췴

  췴˺ܶĸǰελµȺڡһԵʵ
ʵǺ׵óۣΪЩ˼췴ǳ춶ƵĲ
۵ĸе췴˶зƵ塣
  ֹ۵㲢Ǻ޵֮ԲȷӦ˵ελ
ȺͶ췴Ӫǳ춶ƵĲ춹ѧ
ˡ
  ԼΪĸǰ춼ͥӣȷвǣ
Ҳǲ춹ǲԼĸԲΪϡĸﱬҰ
ǱԼԡ֤ԼԵĴûᣬ˻Ͷ˶ᣬ
УĸѪͳۣҺȻڴʱȺδֱӵ·
ȵǿҳϵԸǰǿҵͬͬ
ơҿܡΪҿܱų⣻Ƿǵҷ
ƣǡǡ෴ֻҹִͬơз·ߵĺŽǴ죬Ȼ
췴ߣǲʹҸеƸԶֻʹҸеƸ
ƾͬѧ̬ҴͬС졣ǵûм뵽Ϊɵһ
ҪѡĽǱѡĽͰQ׼Ĺ
ºơʵϣʱз·ߵ֮һ׼

  ܶ˵ҲʮУ˶һЩȥ
ʦҲֵúܻӦĺ٣дǰУ쵼Ĵ
ֱǣǰӲ˭뵱ܵϵġ
ͰаʦŶӹࡣڹĿ࣬Ҳ
Сúܸߣٽʦͬѧֱ֣֮ϵ
ѹ̧ͷɡ˵ִ˷·ߣôЩʦ
ԣʵǱ˼뷴·һߵɵʸ񣬶Ǵһʼ
Ͼվڶһߡ
  췴˶չ֮գɱ㹥Ϊ塣ĸᣬй
ڷĸ£췴ǷǷͬʱһЩμӹ췴
ɵʿڻĸµУذеķʶ
춵ΪͶ֮ϣǿ˵Щȷз
˶еķ͵Ϊ췴ζŷƵĹ۵Ϊ
СȻҶ֪ĸǰελµȺڷ׷׼뵽췴һ
۵Ե˳¡һۼٶԽ´
ߣԽǶƲԽ춲μӵƵ˶һٶ
ȥ˺ѵ޻𣿿ǣȴһң
򵥡

229ԡķ

  һۼٶУǸҪн飬һ棬Ϊ
һ棬ֱΪƵԭǰƣƺиɻȻ
ҿƫƫҪϸϸ
  Եġ˵ĲеԤڵ״̬ʵ״̬֮
ʵѣϣҲͣô㲢жٲľܺã
̫ߣ㷴ʮֲ˵˵ϣӦ
ʵȻʵУÿ˵޵ġϣõʲô
ȡΪӦõõʲôԼܹõʲô
  ĸǰѧι˧аרǿ׼·ߣټװ
ȨƳݣ߸ӵܿνߡһ˵Ӧ׽
ƵάߡȻǡǡǣȴΪ췴ߡе
ӡҶһƪ(ԭ廪ѧʼ֮һ)ĽǶ
ٷӳЩ˵̬Ϊڵ걶ܳţԲǵĽ
ԴΪ춸ܵУ쵼ĸӣǲŶЩ
ĺѧȻҲõ쵼ĳ÷޷޲ƽΪǱ֪н
ȨȵλǲŶ»ҪУ쵼ʦĹ̶ܽ޿̡
γȻԽԽʹЩųǵ
ֵԽԽߣǵǸ̫̫ҡ춽ˮ¥̨֮㣬Ǳ
ѧظеµһҵη籩ǵһ췴
ԡ
  ޶żִܶ(Ҳ廪еѧ)һƪ˽⵽һ
ʱ״ܶ˵һ췴Ҿͽ塯Уί
ķдֱڿǣǸ˱ɡ͹ˡΪѧϰ
㡢춡ʲ׼֪ʶӡͥܶ棬ԭеĽ·
ùһΪʲôȥƻҪĵάܶĽǣ
߼ҲĶȥֻĵ֪ңָȡ췴δ
̫ˡĸǰ壬Խ׼Ϊ٣᳹׼·ߡѧ
桢׸ۣѾ˵񾭱òٽˣ⻹С塯
ô׻ò˻ˣɴ˿ɼһ¾ѵˣ
鳯õķûģͲȥ췴е
ܱøӣôվڱصһߡ
  ǰҲֹһνǿѹ֮£ѹ߲ǡŭԡ
ŭ̸ϡǵĴӣͼԼţһж
ǱҪġģҲģǾӦñԹġǲϵ
ԼҪȷԴԼ״Ҳ˵ǽѹԼĲ
ԼܲԼʲôĸڼ䣬
̫
  ʵҲҪһ˵ĴΣһ£
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Ϊ˵ȡ춴˵ȡԴԻĴ
ȥȫë󶫵ı֮£ȴΪʷ
ΰҸʱĸУѧ·ߣ޲
һ鵱º͸ĸ﷽۳Ժ֣֮мƪ
ڰǱͲõĴø
  췴ĸҪĸе췴һʣȻ䱾
̸ͬ
  
230ĸ

  ĻһżΪ㷺Ⱥڲ˶ˣֹ㷺
Ⱥڲ룬ͳΪĸһҪݡ
  ˵ĸеȺ˶Ⱥ˶˶ȺڡȺڵĲֻ
ȨвȺͲµĲֹ۵ɵ˲ݵ޷
ⳡ˶ȺڱֳԷ顣޿ɷϵǣͶ˶ȷ
ʵ൱ϡ
  ˵ĸеȺڲ룬ǹȺӦëϯĺ٣ĹҴ
£Ϊ˷޷ޣë˼硣ֹ۵ǣ޷˶
гֵĴģġԿȺڼɱҶĳë
ϯĻëϯָʾ£ôͷ˴˶㵽Ĳĵز
أ
  ָĸеɱʵϷӳϲͬ漯ŵì
ܡֹ۵ľ߶ٿԽͱ췴ɵĶȻȴ
췴֮ս֪ȫ󲿷ݵ췴֮ս
ʱҶķʽҲҡӲҪӶ췴ҳʲ
ôͬԴǼΪǣǿġ籱ѧɵ֣֮
˵廪췴ɺͱءʦ췴ŲͬĳԱɡ
ǿҳϸСĲ죬޷ͣΪʲôЩϸСĲᵼ
ǰ޴ĳͻ
  ҿȺ--ѧ--μĻĻΪȡϣ
ΪȡΪ֤ԼΪʾԼȱ˸Ƕԣ
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