Ϊʷ̬  


¿


뼫Ȩ壺˼ʷһƳ 

  ۲쵱սᣬ˶Сʮʶ̬
Ļ(nationalism)Ƽѷѣ˶ĿΪ֧䵱
ʷȻĪ֮Ǽʶ̬ӻͳ־õ
ʵڿ𣬲˼ѰΪĳ㲻ĻҪˡ
  һʵʷӶԣ
ĳʵҲֻһ׮ݵʷ񲻹ҡǰ
ҡ(nation-state)ܻνңҵĳһ
סĽһ£һƵɣŷڲ
ǵ¹ʷݱ
  Ȼŷ޵ļҪҶԲͬķʽִķйأӢ
ó׺ȨȨۣ¬ġ⡱͡Ȩ
˼룬¹̼䷴(Ӣ)ͷ̫ͳԼ־壬
־弰̣ܶĲҪ˼ʷ
϶ԽӰģλ¹ѧңյ(J.G.Herder)
ϣ(Fichte)ͺڸ
  յ·ˣȻĹңһֻеһ
ԡ(ʦѿеʶ̺ķԵ弰
Σգʱ֮)
  ϣص˵¹ۣϯŷ޵ĵǿҷӦһ
ֱܵĵײԷ壬ŹҽҪ
  ڸɣȷʵһҪ___Ҫҳ֪
Լϵȷλãϣܹһļ塣Ϊ˱Ȿ
Էĵ߸ΣգڸѱΪ(statism)ʵ
һ³ʿȨ塣͸˽Ŀָģ
У¹׳......(£ѧ
)
  ڸ˵ǳľ......Ҽľ......
Ӧɹ֧硣(ڸѧ331)γɵĹҲܲ
Ȩģҵ͸һйܡˣִȨ
ıȽҪĸԺڸ
  1)塣ʷߵĹǴҵ()ľ(
Ѫͳ)ľ廯ѡעҪͳ硣
  2)һҵȻĵˣսп϶ڡ
  3)κεΡʷʷϵĳɹΪΨһСЧ
ΪΪΨһԭ˵Ѻ
  4)սġ(ͼ)ر˹ҶԿϹ
ս˺ֵ׷Ķ
  5)ΰĴԽɫԡʷԵ֪ʶ͸߶
ѳΪ쵼ԭ
  6)Ӣʽ(ð)Ų(ʲ׼)ʽ෴
һλӢۡ

  簲ѷ(Anderson)˵ͳ˥ʱһص
ȡ˻̡(ѷ塷P.13)ϣغͺڸڽ
һͳĹУ˹ؼԵҪá
  Ȼϸ˵ʹеٶʷУҲδﵽ
̬֮ǰǴ۹ǰ֮ᣬ̬ԣƮȻ
٣п컯εġ
  ˣͬʷеĳһҲһʷ̬
  ںڸӰ죬һʼȾ˼Ȩɫʡһ
ĵʷԹ(national socialism)Ƶĵ¹ɴ
ȨָȨ֮ԭʼ׹ϵ˽⵱ǰ
˼ġ

й

һӹʾ߼ 
  йвͬǹϣʷййҡĹ
йУйǡ¡ģطǡġ
⡱Χйתͳġ
  Ȼھġ¡ᣬйȽ˻
ɵĳĹᣬӶ˽ִҵʷ
֮Уɴ˳ֲǿཨйʷ
УӰȺ͹ȶԣƱʮʮĿս
һζԱǰȻ󱬷
  ԣ֪йΪҵľһʧܵľ飬
˴ۡʹࡣ
  ˣͳ˵ڽڽܵδ
йƱػҪһ¡ҡ񫣬ϴȥʧܵĺۼй
ӶĲƽ⡣ԹҵҶԣйһ
ٵļкĿӦ˵Ǵ岻ġ
  Ȼϸµطʵϣҵ--Ȩ
ͨģҲǾȵطÿйϵġ
ȨӢ֪ʶӢͨмȵķ䡣ڼȨңֲ
ҪȨһʵ塣ʵֻҪ۲һ
ײϵ˷ܵ㼰ǿֲе΢ԭͲ
ˡ
  йĻͳŴΪйʿ(֪ʶӢ)ĳ(δ
)׼ܡܣˣбһǿҵĶʶΪȨӢ
һн飬ǵǨеġ
  й⣬ڹβ棬йõλй
ǿͻҲ֮ߣй֪ʶ棬ĳԵķӦԼ
蹵ѸչΪ̬Ƶ߼
  ߲μһΪһܵѧƵֻ(һžʮһ
)صŦԼݵһƫƧɽׯ Adirondack Work/Study, Inc.(ֻ
ΪԺ)ƶرйѧӢо
ѧྩѧ硣й½ԺϺѧɽѧ
λλѧԼԷصйѧߡ
  ϣѧ˵ĸܷĿǰѧǵ
ԭָȥ½֪ʶƳƣ侭÷
ĵͻֵڣ˸ı䣺̨ΣУ
룬ǺԼҵ档Ȼй
򸽽ôкθܣΪʹйȥԡ۹塱
ЩһʵͶҡѧǶƶȵ⣬ر
жϣƩϴɫкըƽýûһҳ˵
ѹԵǿԵġͲܲʹŹȥй˵
̫˲ݵĴԡ
  ûл׼ֻйᣬǿȨǵȻ
ĸǡǶĻȡִ(
)ΪĽʵĵ䷶ˣά֡
  ǣƺµ飺ÿҶȨȡԼĹ
棬Ȼ޿ɷġǣ׷ԵĹǷ߼ص
ڡǿȨǷ߼ƳĹûǷ֮棬û
йʹ׼̨ΣľʵУؼ֮ڣηҫȣ
һ£ڴ½ķɵ;ϰͱ˵̬£û
߳(οͣڹʷĹ)̨Σܳ
ʲô
  ǹʱ̨йȨһߣóʹ
һǲȡģǶ˫кġ߾Ƶһ
вǷԹۣؿһǿѹ
ʱ򣬳ʶǣиʾ족ܱûкáȻĳһ
Ұݡ족ʣΪҲԼĹ棬Ӷв߽
ɫ֮ӡȻȨȡᡱǵʵԵƽء
ңһǿΪܷܵŽ硢Եѡٵȵص
ԼǰϹʵϻ޷ҲЧذݡʾ족£
ûһɫʡ״̬ǲǡǿʳġ
硱ˡ
  뵽½һ䶯顶й˵
ֵζˡ̺ǿҵķɫʣԳǡ㷺ӳ䡱Ҫ
Ųϧջء̨壬ơ׳ţ
һѹߵĿǫֵ硰ԡ˵ƺȻָ˭ѹ˵
̬ۣȦɵ㡣ȻϸĦе㻬
  һǣ˭й˭ܴй
  ˵йȫǶһ١۵˵ë
ڼʮǰͰѶġֽеˡΣ
֪ġëԶ˵Ϊ̬ơй˴Ӵվˡʵȴʷ
ǰйˡȥˡǧййȨµļ
͸ġǹСɱȷأǳԽйʷκν׶εġ
ΰ! ˣνй˵ʵϣǡй˵Ƕ
йڿ־塢ڼĻȨ˵Ӧ˵й
ʮܵľ޴ͬһֹʱġֲڵȨ൱ġ

  ⣬ȫճձ߼ǰһ,ȱ
̶󡣵ȻֳϮҲӳ˶֮䡰Ϭһͨ
΢ζ
  ˵һйڣȻ޵ķʸ룬ûɵ
ȥ˵ν㷺ӳ䡱ͨʲôó
ģ
  ĳǣһʽ˲й
ߡ֪ʶʿĻ˼ת򡣴Ӷʹѵʶйĳ
˼붯Ŀ鸡Ƶı﷽ʽ

Ļ˼ת
  ֮(ʮ)͵µľʮй֪ʶ緢ƽе˼ת

  ָ˼ĻĲ۲죬Է֣Ŀǰת
ʮǰһͬҲõ˼ԴİԮ֧֮֡
ʱ˼˼壬֮й֪ʶʱֵ
ǡֳ塱ѧۡ
  ת˼ʮֽơ  
  ꣬й֪ʶӡѧԡ꡷ġѧΪģ
ɫһֽͻᡱĲѸپۼǿ
˶Ļžܵľʱʮ±й
---дķ(ֳ)()ʶ̬
ɫʡ¡ѧǱ巴ǿǡͶ
й֪ʶ󣬴ӶϺ֧ǡ
  Ӷʮʮʮᣬһ˼תйˡ

  ǰ¼ᣬԭ⽻ֺʶ̬ϣѾ
йǱǣûʶϺ͵ϵǿġ֧
Ԯʶ֪ʶǲתġ
  ʷᣬԡֳ塱ĻȨۡ͡˼塱֡
ѧȻ˼˶ҪŲƷǱ
͵ϵһļϣɳΪ֧ŵй
Ҫ˼֮һӶʹ֪ʶߡֱ׳ظ˰ʮ
ǳġӵࡰġ
  ֮תһһתҲǡ˲й֪
ʶߵϡ³Ϸһļϡ
  ˣ߰й֪ʶǿ̬ƺѧ˼໥
Ľ۸ԭʼ̬ոµۼܹ
ʶϵƯװѧҲĳѴ桰ᡱĹ㷺֧ţ
ľ
  ˣ壬رڵ磬ڻĵʽ΢
źǣʽǴǿҿܵ˹ġƺԶӲ
Ǹڤڤ֮еĵֵʩᣬӲѭʽ߼Ȧ

й壺״޶

  ˽й˼Դ½ѧ߽
ۺ͹㷺ѯ϶йһĻΧһЩܡ֮
Ŀǰй½˼ĵĳ̶ȣ纣ѧ
ԭ
  1) Թٷԣ𽥷֣һ˫Уȿ
塢ӶΪͳκϷԵͬʱֿܳΪƩ½
ɹšĻȡݡʵϣⷽΣѾ
ԡˣĿǰⷽ൱ǰˡ
иѧ߽鲻á塱á塱һʣٷ
г̶ɴ˿ɼһߡ
  2) ڶԣǰȡ˱ܵ¼Լ̨庣ϿΧ
ơȨ͡ͳһˣһʱǡ
˻һʵʵ塣¼ᣬʶӰԼճ
֧ԵأȻ̰ۺУ۸ǣᰲȫ½Ůǣ
˷ʽгСһ㣬ӴȻŮ
(ر)ѧԼ˼ڻһӢֵϼɵԿ

  3) ֪ʶԣȻڸ֡ѧ硰ֳ塱ִ塱
޼ֵۡ......ʱ˵ķʹһǿȻճ
ȻġʵϣнӰģĿǰȻйϵ
޴ڵѹơµֶԴýԽļǿӵļӽѹԼ
ĸ֪ʶ׽ƶĶԱȣʹǷ
͡нԵĸ߼֪ʶˡ
  ԣйһǳⲿءƽ
ǵĻԺжռϷʱԵġǣݷϣ
ΪһǱصըһĳЩ̼¼ĳЩ
£ͻȻ緢ӿһɴݻԵƻˣӢʱ
ǵйȨ˹ת򲢷Ǿ޿ܡⷽ棬Ĺ
˼ǵľٴؽҪġ
  ǲܾԱġֻ;
ʱ嵭ĨȥǱһǿȡ
  ǲȥƮХٲġ硱
  ģֻܵȴȥȴƻԵġ硱
ѹ

δ

һת
  ʷ̬ʷ̬سɷ𻯳ɣΪ㡣
  ϸ۲죬ʵϣ巢ԴصŷĿǰŷѾ
ɫͬʵ˾롣ӳ̵ʷ۹⿴
˥ʷ֮С
  Ҫǣȫ򻯾öĳҵĽӲ̬ԽԽ
ӦٵĹʻġڻı䡣
  Ŀǰѽ޹ȫ򾭼ϵʱȫгҲԽ
ԽĽ⹹ãԴͳġȨмĸʴá
  ʵϣԵǣͳ޹羭ϵУѱò
ȻɲɹľӪλҼŴͳʽľȨ
ѹڵһ淶ʵ䷴ȨϵΪ
˶ȫ򻯵ľöĳͷǣͶʺѶתƵطȥ
  ʷϵʱݹƸЧʵͷɫ
ǽ죬ȫ򾭼÷䵽׵СɫΪȫ޹羭
÷չİʯ磬ȫ򾭼УĳЩƷɡᣬ
񷴶ȡóɱƷƷ¼£ȻûԼ
ũ͸أ¼ȴܱձ˸ø˵ũƷͬ콨
¼õĽıձˡˣóױӳԶġ
  ڲܴĹңҳ˺ЧʵĲƸй
Ͷ˹޴ڲʹƽֵĸ壬һͬ
̬ȶԴЩڲھɺʧܵġ


  ǰȫԵľĳֵ֣ùעҪ
  νָĳ򾭼ĶչĵͨԽ磬˿
һǧ򲻵ȡҲ֮ΪңԱڴͳҡ
ļʾ֮Ҫ

ӹҵʱѶʱת

ʱ ʱ
ҵʱ Ѷʱ

19-20 20ĩ-21
ƶ ʱѶƶ
Ȩ Ȩ
뼯Ȩ ໥˽ҵ͵ʵɵ
Ա߽ ûб߽֮
ƫùʽ𡢱˾ ӭ缶˾רңƷʹ
͸ڣ쵼 ϣͨ໥ΪĵĹ˾
óɳﵽһԣ Ѷܼķ񣬲ͬ
   ɺг
 ҵ
Эǿȹҵ Эչضҵ
ٶȻʮ ﷢Ѹ٣ͨµ֮

¹ /
ձ/ձ ¼//̷
Ӣ ̨/
 й(齭)
   ӡϲ(޶)
   ī/ϲ
   
   Ŧ
   װ͵()
   ̫ƽذ

  ǰȫѶǿԽһһżʷĴ˿̣
ĳȺںĻǶԵ֪ڹʲôʲ
ôƷƷζƫθı䣬ӵе̬ʲôòڴʱ
ҽѲҪˣϴСľˡǳƹеĹ磬
µʵ壺湲ͬ壬ػĵͼ( Kenichi Ohmae, THE E
ND OF THE NATION STATE1995, New York)