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      ٿľŽȫ˴λѽйȫ˴ί
һʮͨܽճ̡һŰ˶ܷͨ
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ܷˡݱйܽҪԴ½ܷҪݽ޸


      һܷдСƽۣ塢ë˼Ϊ
ͬҪλй½׶ΡΪڴ
׶Ρڡҵĸ񡱲ӡչгá
ݡ

      ܷӡʵιᷨιҡݡ

      ǽܷ޸Ϊ׶ΣֹΪ塢
ƾùͬչĻƶȣְͷΪ塢ַ䷽ʽķ
ƶȡ

      ǽܷڰũ弯徭õĹ涨޸ΪʵмͥаӪΪ
ͳֽϵ˫㾭ơ

      ǽܷʮһ徭幫ƾõĲ䡱޸Ϊ
徭á˽ӪгõҪɲ֡ұ塢˽Ӫ
õĺϷȨ档

      ǽܷڶʮάѹѹĻ
еġĻΪΣҰȫĻ

      ܵ˵ܷ޸ҪǸݽйʮ󱨸
һЩµᷨΪҸܷмԷɱʹ˽й
־Ϊҵ־ԴΪж׼ǰййزȫ˴
ίʡɲ̳壬Դ˴ܵΪһĹ
Ĺܷѧߣ㼺£

      һйСƽΪȫָ˼д뵳£йԼ֮
£Ϊȫָ˼дܷҪȫһӣͲǡ


      ȣƶ˶ܷʱСƽ˼塢ë˼
ڵνԭдܷڵʱᣬһЩѧҺʶ
֮ʿΪףΪְʶ̬Ķ塢˼롢ۣдܷʵ
ǰһ˼дΪ̡ҵͬʱ
Ϊ̻ȫΥִε˼ԭ
ֻصеĶ˹ֺë󶫡šС˳ݡ
·ĳһ塢˼۱ɷǿȫǷ˹
ȥ񵳷ɾᳫһһ䡢һ塱ֱ
ڡĻҲšȫӦͳһ˼룬ë˼
롣

    Σ塢ë˼ԼСƽ۵ݾʲô
ԼҲ˵ʹҪҲʴӵԵСƽΪ
˱˾һЩۡǰ᲻һ¡Ȼν
ȨҲһŰһҪйƵԽ
˹ƻ巨ƣëͬ־˵Ӣ
ҲܷȻʶһ㣬ûвȡҪĴʩ
δܱⷢĻı硣Сƽ͹쵼ƶȵĸĸ
Сƽѡ1975-1982293ҳСë˵˼룬۱˴Ҳ
ǲһµģ˲֪˭ˡչ˵ڵڲͬۡ·
ߡ롢ߵĶУ쵼˵űΪ̳кͷչ˼塱
ʧ쵼˵·򱻱Ϊ˼塱ġ塱춼̳뱳
ѻչķֱȷϣǿǰȨ쵼˵ĲöѲн
߾ϣҹŴ⽨дڡǡ
һޣʱ͢ξڴ𸴡ѭ߷רּΪ
ָʱֱ׳˵ߡգǰΪɣΪ
ʱΪǣι֮йַ⽨ᵽԭӦִ
ܷУڿʷĵ

      ٴΣܷ˼йɽë
Ĵ֣޸ֽдϵСƽ֣ܷﴫǻʷ̿飬Ҳ
ǱǻĹ־дܷһֲǡһ½춨
һܷʱʱë󶫻ѣʤͷԣ
˽дܷ˵˵ܷݰɾ
Щرǫ飬͡ⲻǫ飬Ϊдʵ
ѧӦдʵģ
ǱӦдΪǫŲдѧûʲôǫ鲻ǫ⡣ܷǸ
ѧë󶫣л񹲺͹ܷݰëѡ
19774³棩ˣֲʵѧǵ
Ϊá

      ˵ֻǽܵ⣬ûнСƽ۱ν
йɫ塱ĵۣҪǾϿţչгã
սһרҲǾϷϷңйʮ󽫵д
뵳˵йǰеĲ˼壨Maxx-leninism)г
(market-leninism)ʵҲǾʮ۽
Ȩ塱Լǰý屨˵һŰ˾գСƽ
һζԻ

  ԣһȨۣڹ۽ۣ۵Ҫ
ǣĹʵִҪһ̡ҪȨǿͳ
ᶯܲȡ

  ˣҾšᷨãٿǡйͨѶ
199647յ磩

      һŵʵǽŷչгάйһרͳΡʮ
йһִۣһ·Ŀõģֻھ
ϸĸ￪ţĸͣͲǰȻ˽ϴչ
õһƣȻҪֻȨײ㣬ٳ̶ܳԶԶڴ½
̨ʱĹǮȨ޿ײ룬ʲʧ¸˳鼰ȫ
ƶ༱󣬻Ⱦأΰȶ񻯣Σķ
ִȺеţѽ͵㡣ڴ£Ȼ
˼Ҹţ߾ٵ˵ģе˵һʹӶ񻯣
νáƽȴ޷ڸǵġ

      й½׶ΡᷨһŰ
ʮйʮ󱨸ġԱ̨а֮δ
һžйʮϲֱɻᡣһ˵ᷨ˵
йϵκƶйʮһȫۣͨ춽
ʷľ顷ʱйǡ
ˣˣë·ߵĲйӦصڵ
塣һδɣʱĿǣëһ
ۣ˵һľйѽʱҲΪ
Ĵ˵й˵ʼִһ·ߣȫһ
ϵȻ̫ˡˡ顷ֻ϶ëһ
ƶʵ·ߡᣬһֱ⵽Сйʮ
׶Ρ۲Ϊйĸͼʱ
塱ѰϵĸݡΪйҳӱϾмʮ
ˣȡӣֻصδ̫ÿƽӰ쵽
йͳεĺϷԡǰ½Ͼͳһ˳ܶʮ꣬һ˯
ǰҪ׶ΡΪߣԴΰ˶ܷ
ܷطȫָܷݣʵйһ
ȦֻصԭصľʵжףйǸˣ
˵⣬ǸͲø춹˵һһž㣭һžһ
Ͷŷ̨̿ῴøˡȥйһʵ
ߣѧۡѧ˵ܷɻ
塢˷ΪҮˡū֮·the Road to Serfdom, b
y F.A. HayekաἰˡOpen Society and its Enemies, 
by K.R. Popper۹ѧ߶ٿΰѧҰ˹
̹һľ¾ͽƻû壬ƻñ
ŶԸ˵ȫūۣĽɣҪһЩѵ
⡣Ȩ;Ȩĸ߶ȼУֹܷܲԱȨ
޵İԸأʹȨõϣͬʱȨܹȷһ
ƽأ˹̹ļӢ룬ӡݳ
棩ŷҵĿ̨ȫ֤ʵ˰˹̹Ԥԡɴ˿ɼй
ʮʰ׶ΡѾʵΪڸǲ
˵йʱ岻ǡߴʱ壬ᶨƵķ⽨
塱һʵ֮ѾԡΪȻʱֻڡ
ΡǾζ·Ҫȥôڿ̨ǰִ
һ׶ΣΪʲôֲ·أСƽ˵׶뻹
Ҫһ꣬Ȼǰա̨ʵûԤ
۶һأ֮Ҫܷмйڴ
׶ΡȻΪһЩй߶˷ģصҲ
һ糿֪йҪڶˣһֿɶ
סȺһﵳɵ죨ǽڡ顱йȵȨ
롰塱򣬷Ρʱ帴١˵һáйΪ
ʲô䷳زһžܷͨнҹ
׶Ρдܷ֮ᣬּϡáֵİڡ

      Ǿ̸۽Ȩһֱǡ桱ԵСƽ߾١
͡ԼĶйʮ󱨸ι
巨ιңرʹáΡһʣй쵼˵ȷʵ
һµᷨΪڴǰĹٷļһֱֻơá
Ȼͬ京ȴкܴй½ǰǡǡзƶ޷
ΣܷһһŰһд۷뷨θ֮
ͬ漰Էιᷨһģ춺Ƴɡҹκͷɽ衷ɽ
һŰ棬100-105ҳΡһԳΪ
һοʮȨ˵ҪΣҪΡкܴ
ϵǻԡΡԡơˡ춵ʱƪ½δ
ɲ꣬νʮȨ˵ʵ˵ëڲ
ļϵһʾǣҪΣҪΡձһƪȫʵ
УαҪʲôɣй쵼˵ڲδʽ
һ뱣ܷΧΪ˱ëźйһʾʹëȥҲ
δڲеġëڲĸ塷Ҳδ룬Ȼ½ѧ
۹ε⣬йٷһֱܿΡ֮ʣֻơ
ιȡйʮϣڱнƸĸĳԶĿʱ
ˡ߶걸Чʡʮ֣Ҳ˵ġ
ǡΡʵʱ罫걸ΪзΡҪõö࣬Ϊ
걸Ͻз⣬зΡз
ִϣΥؾݡйʮ󱨸״巨
ιҡ˵ǰһ󲽡Ȼ˵濴ǿйɫ
巨Σй쵼£ι˵ι
ǹȺڵ쵼£ܷͷɹ涨ͨ;ʽ
񡣡Ѽֵ쵼ϸͳһ
ƶܷͷɣܷͷɷΧڻƶϺͷϱ֤
Ļ·ߺͻĹ᳹ʵʩһǿ쵼ԴΪ
ιǰȻǵȷ󣬵춷춷֮ϣ˵׻ǵ
ζǷΡ

      ΣʵҲΡΪĽṹǡһݵ
ƵԭȫҪίԱξ֣ξַӳί
ǳίӺģ쵼ʵ˾ȨӦ
ϾȨȻͨȫ˴Ƥͼ£ǲʽѡ
ʵۡںܣԳ桱жأй쵼˵ķθй
ҿ˵һУִǽȻͬġΪ
ִ壬ΣRule of lawָͳΣΣ
rule by lawǰΪȫᣬͳ˵Ϊ淶
ԷΪͳߵĹߣҲйŴҺ˵ġԷιĸ
һǷɹ淶ۣһǷɹۡйһϡ
֮Ϊʲ׼ɹ۵㣬Ϊֻԭرеĵ쵼
ϵĹ۵㿴йʮ󱨸˵ԷΪ߶ԷΪ淶
ķȻͬնˣйܰнι
巨ιҡдܷȻһڰ½ܷڵ
ܷòձ鿪бϹȨ
嵥ʵϲ׼ʵһһ嵥ûҪãٿԾ
Ҫͳ߼Զ֡

      ġйܰݶȷģҪģг
Ľһչǲû󣬶ܷ޸ĵûסʮ
ǰйʮһȫĸ￪ŵķֻ㾭øĸθĸͣ
Ͳǰչ󡣾øĸҲʶ̬ԭ򣨹ӳһʵ
йƣ˽ƣΪȶĿ꣬ڵ˹涨
Ϊʵ˼ʮ꣬ڹβƣһŰ
ܷвܷʮһӹ涨˽Ӫڷɹ涨
ķΧڴںͷչ˽Ӫ幫ƾõĲ䡣ʮһ
죬ܷн˽Ӫ幫ƾõĲ䡱Ϊ
徭á˽ӪгõҪɲ֡ȻһЩѧҺ
ʶ֮ʿĽ˽вƲʥַдܷĵĽ飬ȴûл
Ӧ˵Ŀǰڴ½ȻֻǡĹƲʥַܷ
ʮȻʵϹʲʧѵʮصĳ̶ȣڴҲɼ
ܷʵѽڡУй쵼ԼֽԹΪ塱Ĵ
дܷԴ˱ԼڼƶȣȻ÷չǲ
־ΪתƵģţ˶ãйֻٶһܷ
òԹΪ塱ĴʹӦָܷĸһз
ɾΪӷһзɾӦܷΪִܷͬ½ܷ
ȷ涨ʵȴˡܰĵݣ
ΪΣҰȫһž޶̷ı䣬
ܲŸ޸ġﻹپһܷʮ涨л
͹ɵĹ涨йͶʣͬйҵ֯иʽľ
ϰ䡰߸ˡ°ȴûУ˵ڴ½˲
óб˵徭ú˽Ӫҵѱó
Ƿɡͻܷ涨һĴڵȻǿܷ
Ȩԡ

      йʮʱܷõġйЭ̻鹲ͬ
족⣬ܷܷܷ߰˶ܷһĲܷ
֮ࡣܷ˶ܷͨʵʩа˰ˡܷ
ǵڰߴܣνƵ˵
ƵǷӰ쵽ܷΪҸ󷨵ȶԺȨԣȻ粻
ʹܷͬʵѽڣӰ쵽ܷȨԣܱȲ
ãܵΣãǰ
˵клдܷǲõģܷдԭ
ǲȷģѧģܲδܸһ󣬷һ
Ӧ̽½ܺƵ֢ڡΪ½֮
ƵҪ͵ܷһйһ
аǿͷϣʵвͨ͵ܷһ޸
Ϊܷ֮ԼҪӦǹ涨
ЩȨӦ豣ϣιɣȨӦһƣܷѧҲ
ʴܷΪܷǡǿƣ蹫޶
ǿԹ涨ʴȽܷۡӢİ棬226ҳɽ˵
ܷߣ֮ɷ༴Ȩ֮Ҳɽлܷʷ
򡱡Ϊǽ׼Ĳ͹ߣܷʤ˵ͳν׶
־֡ë˵ģܷι³̡ʵҲ˼
˭ιأȻֻͳν׼дʸй쵼˺ʹ½ܷѧһ
ܷǵĸ졢·ߡ롢ڷϵ֡ʹ־ɹ
־Ϊˣڶʮǰֻܷ涨ҵƶȣ
ȨȨұûĿġʮҵܷ
͵ܷܷһʲô߹
׽ȥһʱڵĿꡢ롢ҲһԵذ
ܷȥһܷΪĺȫıˣˡԡ͡
ԡĵĻ㼯롢ֲܲƵķչԸı䡣һ
ܷƵ޸ľͺˡˣΪʹܷƵ޸ģֻиı
ܷΪܷܷид硰л񹲺͹ǹ
˽׼쵼ģԹũΪרҡܷһ
幫˰˵ƶȣʵиܣͷԭ򡱣
ģʹܷǹҹɷȨ㹻ˡ

      ½ܷ涨ܷ޸Ӧѭһĳ򣺡ܷ޸ģȫ
ᵳίԱ֮һϵȫ飬ȫ
ȫ֮Ķͨʮʵϣһܷ
ͳͳйȫ˴ίһͨͨģ޸ı
ģύȫ˴ͨѾγɹʮй涨
֮һȫ˴顱ǾĶѣʵϼ޷ȫ
˴һǧң֮һˡδۣһ
ЭܰأһΪ˵޷ʵСһŰ˾
¼УΪȫ˴ίίԱĺΰˣ춴ί
ٿ˴ίڰȫ춹ԺϹĲȫ
ƣͱԽзǷȥ˴ԼίίԱְ񣬺ο
شֻС쵼ǹҵĺйרеȨ
˲Խ򵳵쵼ôӺ֣񲻹ɡѵ쵼
һ귴ҶбΪɷӵ֮һУݱй
ййزȫ˴ίʡɲ壬ֳһ
ļƣС˭֪ⲻǰڰӡһŰ
޸ܷʱܷݰȫĹͶȫۣ㷺
ʵʱй쵼İ嶨統ʱһЩѧȫ
䳣ίḺܷʵʩļලһ涨ףԭȫ˴䳣ί޷
ԼͨķǷܣܷԺܷίԱᣬһȴ
ʱܷй쵼һھܾһԪ쵼
ƲϣȻͶȫۣ㷺Ǻ£һ£Ⱥ
ڰܷѧڣۡ޸ܷȨҲᣬܽڱ
Ϲܷѧ߸ʿܽ飬й쵼
һֱţǡԵ޸ı䣬˵й
ʮдܷġ跨ιҡܷǱ£
ΪʵỹҪܶٴΣ䲻ڣֻҪй½һרƵ
ͳΣһ״ǲıġ