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      ڡй˶ķҰܿ743ڣһУȨ
ȨĹϵʱȨдȨܵһЩߺѧߵɡ
      Ȩ͡ȨѧѧҪ롣ȨӦеģ
ȨӵеġȨ͡ȨĹϵΣκר
ΡԡȨԼġȨԡȨġȨ
Σ෴ԡȨѹġȨԡȨ
ԿġȨרΡǣй˳Ȩ͡Ȩ
áȨĵطдɡȨáȨĵطдɡȨ
ձһžŰʮտǵһƬ˱ѡ
ǰϦĽͷϧȨ ͶׯһƱ˴ġȨǡȨ
ӦеĽѡٵġȨǡȨ˵
ʿӦ֡Ȩ͡Ȩ⡰ȨҪ壬ҲȻ
ձ춡ʮһ͵йֻı˵κڶλ
ʿ˶̨ض⡮֧֣ѡȨ۵㣬
ԾȨ۵ߡ˭ͶƱ̽֡
һžžһ¶ʮգȨǡȨ֮󡣡йٿȫ顤
ѧڽ͡Ȩʱᵽ˰Ȩ485ҳ
רҶⷢΪŵĲأ˰һ֡Ȩ춿˰
˰߿Ʋá˰ǡȨǡȨȨÿ
ΪҲԲΪڸ˰ʱܲΪְƵĻ
鱨ǳġ֮ԷֻҪԭǳڹϡй˵Ȩ
ȽϱȨǿңرϲáȨȥ桰Ȩ
Ȩ롰ȨͬķҲֻ
      ںϷУȨ롰Ȩķ
ϷԡȨ桰ȨĴٷִı
УѾʧԱΪͨȨ͡Ȩquan(2
)li(4).ڿнquan(2)li(4),ߺ϶ǡȨǡȨ
ʹʽϵĲǱ˴໥ı־Ȩ͡Ȩͬ
ģ˴ĲͬǳڡȨһʡԡȨһʱright
ݣϺﹹʷϺﹹʷĴӦǡȨԡȨ͡Ȩ
ԣȷ˲ͬͲͬϵ˴ϵĻ
ҲϵĻ
      ԭһעrightsͨȨȨrights͡
ȨpowerִУһġйڹϳȨȨ
ͬķҲֻбrightsһʵǡȨ
ȨййŴȨ͡ȨͨõġִҲӦ
ԡȨrightsΪáԡȨ롮ȨԣȨ
Ӧеά֮ȨȨȨ֧˵ǿ֮ʱ
һעɾȥҶɾȥһע󣬷Ҳ
˵бrightsһʵǡȨȫǵ;˵̺Ͳ֤
СȨһrightsĺ壬൱rightsһʵҲǡȨ
Ȩ͡Ȩͬʲ»йŴСȨҲС
Ȩ岢ͬǸעеûʲô⣺Ȩ
Ӧеά֮ȨȨȨ֧˵ǿ֮
      дĲĲʱ֣ȨȨҵ״
֮ǰѾˣִġȨһʣ֮׼ȷ
ӦøдɡȨ֮Ȩ¡ȨԴ29ҳ
ѧ磬һžŶ¡ߡȫﻹȻʹ
áȨһʡ²£⣬ûϰս
      ʹԼ׵ġȻԼ׵ġȨʹз˻
Ӱȷ˼άȷôӦԼףġȨΪȨ


Ȩ͡ȨŴ

Դ
      ִڱ˼ʱùŴľɴʻ㣬ע
ʱеһЩʱʣ硰ɡΡȵ
ǹ֮岻ͬԭǱƷһȨȡ
֮족ִͽƷȨΡԭ÷
ͳΣ൱rule by lawִǷͳΣrule of law
ɴʾ⵽ɴ⣬Ѱġrights and dutiesЩҲǴ
ġrightsʱӹŴҵȨһʣ˵Ҵ˶Ӧ
ǹŴеġȨȽʺ춱rights.
      ŴСȨ͡Ȩʲô壿
      ȨǳӴʣǺȨȻ֪أȣȻ֪
̡ӡ()һ壬ִƺĲǵȨִȨ
Ȩ߲˱ׯӡˡ
      ŴеġȨһʣǶ߲УȨ硰壬
ȨۡƪȨ壬Ȩʺ塣
ȨһǱ塣šȨƺ񡣡顤ϰ
      ŴеġȨһʣǿǡȨ֮Ȩ桱
ָǹ㷺ġģġ󴫡幫ʮ꡷Ȩִξ
ɣ裺ԼΪ֮Ȩִ֮˱˵ġȨ׷Լ
֮ȨбȨ˵ġȨȨһ
¼½ˡ˾Ϊй٣ʹΪܼʹ
䩰ղΪ˾ಡȨˡרңڹְ
ţȥһְ񣬹ԻȨ˵ġȨƹ֮ܲȨ

      ŴеġȨȨΪ塣ִбrightһʵ
ȨŴобġȨ÷ϺϵŴеġ
Ȩ֮ȨֻҪ桱Թ淶ȫִܹright.ˡȺ
ά׷֮ȨȨ      

˼ԨԴ
      ϵrights and dutiesȻģйͳ˼Ҳ
˼ԨԴǹŴ֮硣塱ָ˵Ϊ淶ǡӹ
ߣҲ˵ж֮Ϊ֮塱ָ档ͳ˼
ʵۣȨ෴˵
壬СʡҲ˵Ի
αԻӡ()Ķ淢չ˿ϵ˼룬ȫ
ԡ塱񶨡Ĵ꣨壩ı书
顤洫˽ǧ꣬Űⷭ峯ԪԵ
˵꣨壩ıԼ书ʹ˼ˡ
֮ġ塱񡱣֮ġȻӦȨ
Ȩ

Ȩ͡Ȩﹹ

оѧϴʵĽṹ
      ִġȨ͡Ǽܵóɴϳɴʵɴء
Ȩ͡ϳһʲôṹ
      ѡȨϽṹŴȨ+r
ightִʵ䡷ȨĽͣʹ
Ȩܵ档948ҳáȨ͡ȨȻΪȨ
ˡȨ˵Ȩˡ桱Ҳ⡣Ȩ롰
ԣȨС˼񡱱С˼򡰲˼
ȻȨ롰񡱸ǱϵȨ롰Ȩء
ȨǡȨ+ȨǡȨ+Ȩ롰Ȩ
ĹϵרƣֻǼݣˡȨ++ѡȨ
Ȩ͡ȨġȨҲǱ壬ܱri
ght.
      ˵ȨǿǡȨrightĴӦǡȨ
ӽṹǰΪΪӡϹʹ򡣡Ȩ桱ǿǡ桱
ΪȨܵ桱Ȩ롰Ȩ桱ʵĽṹͬҲӦǿ
ΪȨܵȨ롰Ȩ桱һƫṹǰΪƫ
Ϊǿǡ桱rightǿĲǡǡȨ
ƲȨһright,ǿĲǲƲռвƲ֮Ȩרᣬ
Ȩ߿ҡûʹİҵΪв
ûвƲȨʲƲûбϡڽᣬʱҺ͹˶ͬĲƲȨ
ǶͬĲƲ            
      ˣȨһʵĽṹͣ涨Ĵ嶼righ
tĴ壻ԡȨrightĴ壬ֲϺʵĽṹ
      ȨҲƫṹǰΪƫΪǿǡȨ
ԡȨΡơȨ汾ά桢׷֮Ȩ
磬Ų̳ȨһȨŲǡм̳֮Ȩܵôˡ
ȨȨȨ˸ȨȵȣȻ漰
棬Ӹ˵ά˻Ⱥڵ֮Ȩ
      ԡȨright,ʵĽṹһ¡ͬʱصĴҲ
ƥ䡣Ȩ롰񡱶ƫṹծծȨΪծȨծ
лծΪծծȨծȨľ廯Ȩ
ĹϵУûȨҲûȨȨ
ǡȨȨǳԽġȨȨģȨ
ġԡȨϵȨеԡ磬Ȩ
Ӧе֮ȨɡȨȨ桱Ȩͳ֮Ȩ
ͳ֮Ȩǿ֮ǡȨȨ͡Ȩ桱Ȩ
͡Ȩʾԡ

Ȩ͡Ȩʽ߼

оʺ͸Ĺϵ
      ǷӳԻԵ˼άʽҪô֡
ǸʽǴʵ˼ݡúġȨһrightһ
СԴʺ塱ȱ㡣ȨΪȨûиıֻ
Ǹı˱ָĴʣΪ׼ȷرָ
      Ȩ͡Ȩʱں˵ǲͬģ
˵ߵΪԡȨӣȨȨƲȨѡ
ȨȨ˸ȨȵȸָȨȨӯר
ȵȸָ
      ԡȨright,ֵĹϵֲķ¶
ܷ߼ȨӦеȨȨȨȨһ
֡ڹʹϵУһӦеȨǹȨҲԽȨȨ
Ȩһ֡һΧڣɹ涨ĹӦеȨǹȨ
ȨҲȨһ֡ȨȨȨʲôȨ¶ʱ
ָȨһֲ˵ȨȨȨȵȵȨǵ
ǡȨȻֵĹϵ⣬ҲһЩȨȨ
ȨȨȨ˾Ȩ
      ֮ԡȨright,ܵõȷĸӶȷ˼ά


Ȩ
      ֮Сÿֻͬ˵ϵвܴڡκ
ĴҪά׷Լ棬ǿ϶ҡÿҲ˵Ĵ
ڣͬҪά׷Լ档ûˣȱϵʧ
ȥ˴ڵˣ϶ҵͬʱҲҪ϶ˡ϶Ҿǿ϶Ӧ
ӦȡӦΪ֮Ȩ϶˾ǿ϶ͬСӦáӦȡ
ӦΪ֮Ȩ˵ǡʩ衱ֹ֮Ϊ
ȨȨ˽ϵȨΪ
񣻱ȨΪȨı߽㣬
ı߽Ȩ㡣еĳԱĳȨŵԴڣ
ͲΪԱڽͽ׷ȻҲҪɵȨ˵
׷Ȩܡκ֮
ȨĹϵͬᡢͬʱʲôȨʲô
ǲͬģɲͬľáΡĻķչ״ġ˵
ȨӦƽģʵΪֹʷȨǲƽġ
ЩȨ춡һЩ춡Ȩ׷ƽƽ
ǳͬķͬ£ҲʲƸƽλȣ
ȨĹƽƽȣͬȨӦͬ

ȨȨ
      һ˵ȨȨÿ˵ȨһȨе˵
ȨǹͬȨȨӦеȨʵڲͬĹҡ
ͬƶ˵ġӦȨֻʵ춲ͬĹҡͬƶȣʵ
ӵеȨǲͬġȨʵֱܷͷɼȷϡϣܷ
ɼȷϡϵȨǹȨȨӦȨڲͬҿʵֵ
ʵȨܷͷɹ涨ĹȨʵȨӦȨеĹҵ
Ȩûй涨ŮѡȨйĹȨûй涨ǨȨŮѡȨ
ǨȨӦȨȨܴȨ෴ҪӦȨΪ׼
ΪȨӡܷͷɹ涨ʵȨҲǶܳΪʵ
һ£еȨһ¡йܷȱɡ
ɵȵȵĹ涨ȱٵʵȨʵȨ˵Ȩ˵Ȩ
ӦȨʵȨȨȨһһΧСȨʵ־ʹ
ȨӽʵȨʹʵȨӽӦȨ      

ȨȨ
      ʮߡʮ͵Ƚ˼ȨȨĹϵΪ֤
ʵ塣ΪȨΪʲôȻдڵȨ
ȻȨnatural right,鿯гȻȨ츳
ȨȻֻһϵļٶȷǺļٶ
ġȻȨʲô˸ģҲʲôᡣ¬˵
ԼȨԼγȨȨȻȨ
ȨǰȨĹԹȨ
ʽ˵ȻȨ˵ȻȨɥʧҪ
ӵʸ¶Լ¬һ㣺ǲܽȫȨ
ձ뱣ǷԸ⽻ȨȨҲѡȨ뽻
ȫȨ߽Ȩ޷ջأȨǿԲԼΪΪ
ȻȨۡԼۿ϶ȨȨóһǧδе
ۣȨ԰Ʒ־Լ
׷ʵ˼      
      áȨright,Ǻģǣһ
ģ˭ʹáȨrightģϣԴоǽв

      (һžž)
