ǳۡƽƽľ޺

δչġƽ


ݷ


һƽƽ֮

	ǰҶսᣬǿǰʹеսľ޴ƻ
ƽƽΪǵĹʶ͹ʹϵĻ׼򡣵ǣˣ
͵ҶȻ˳ͻѡԽΪԭĲ
Ҳ԰ЩΪԭûгʵʵ֮Գ
ʵҲΪǱĲƻ˵кʵʡ͵ǰϦ
бҪʹϵ׼һʡ
	ƽ͡ƽУڹõҪƽ
νƽԭľʵݡ䱾ʶ
ѣһάֹ״ƽԭеġ
ʹʽЩµ޷㹻˵Ԯ
£ΪĳЩȺ߲ͱɡ
⣬ҲζŲܸսйһ̨
壬ģпսҲȨ档ڡƽԭ£
ս޷ЧơȻͬƽĳּΥ˵һƽ
ۡ
	춡ƽƽǱȽϻġϧΪֹ
ҪһնĿںţΪȱΪĽȷĻơս
֮ά˽֮ãŸԴһԡʵӾáĻ
ĽǶʤȷǡƽʹ߳ٳٲ
ܳͷʹĿͷʧܵһʵſ
һ֡һȥһԷˮ
֮Сﵽݺ衱̫ƽʢʤ󡣱ӱ
Ǹձ鴦춼״̬ĹȻȫ綼
Ľǡĸ
	ôνЧĺƽأʤı׼ʲôأ
˭أᣬζԺƽĽнأǸĽδ
⡣

γΪƽֱӲþ

	˵ӵĸ׼Ҹôֻ
ӦǺƽӮֱӲþߡ
	ҪЧʹȨлֽӴͬƶȡơ
Ǿͱø֮ɽζŲҪƽұ
ŵĺƽʵϣҪʹƽΪЧľͱȻ
һв߹ķչϢרƱҷյ
ߣҲ˵ŽרƱв
	ճϢ£αǵĲþأûй
֯ͳһѡٱ֮ǰҲɿҵ֯ʾ顣ʵ
򣬾൱ĳ̶ֱӱӡ
	ǣҪζԴ˾ȷĽѡ¾
ء¹ͬʱܹȥԭзݡȨǷԭסĹҲ
Ǿֱӹ˶ԭסĳͷͶѡҵĽ
	һұͳεʱڷյ£ѡĳ·
֡һǷǱķ춵ǰǱ֤ԣʵص
Ǳֿ˶Ըɴ¹ͲС췴úܴ
кܴƻ꼰޹ҰļΪĳĹ
ߡǰɱ̰٣͵˱ɱһͷⱻã
ͽӽֲˡ䷸леġǰ
ҲţҪɱɳʺһЩ󳼡ɶǵܸı
ƶȡ˵꼰޹ȸáƺǸ˱ͼ
ۡ                                         
	Ƿԡҡģôô죿ҵ
һ취ǳߣԻУ춺˼
ǰĿšϧԴص۹ͳһй֮ᣬ߾Ͳôˡ
̫֮뿪ĸ֮ѹܵģֻ
ڱֱ֮ɵҳ߾ʿֻܽ
ķ
	ִᣬҪʿѾʮѡһ棬Ҫз
ࡣȻҲǲıƶȵĶ˵һ˵
ȻūҲǵɣαȥ򱧲ƽ
еأΪʵϿһԸǸ˱ɡˣԼ
ÿֻԼѡԭ
	ߵͬʱܴ߸˲Ʋ͹Լһֲ
ôֳ߾˸ӻ壬ΪͬʱǶԱĳͷ
ͬӺϹɹ˾ԼĹɷݣ˾ľӪƾǾͳͷΪʹ
ֽ㹻Ĵ̼ǨЯĲƲ벻춸У
ӦðȫеĹвƲӦ÷һݣƽ
ȻΪ˲ķ㣬ԽӦӵеǷֳɽǮ
ȡСƵĽƷ˵εƷ
Ϊ񼮳Ϊ춹ƱĶΪĳʽĺϹɹ˾	Ҳ
Ʒ͹˾侭ӪĲƷģʽʽҲ˵
ɡ
	鿴õͿͨòƸȥЩ
ӪƻСءǰͨսŴﵽĿ䶯ͨ
ƷҲʵ֡
	ҲζŲǡŵĺƽӦǡĺƽ
ĹϽΧӦͬƷһԵġ

Ȩ

	ܹеǷݹҹɷݰɳʱԣ
ҺȨˡ֮ҵȨ̶ܴתƵ
ϡȨǹȨҪĲݣⲿȨ춸
ôʥˡʵ޷ҲһϺϣʥ
ԡʥ֪£ּͨۻ۵̸ȥĿԴӣս
ĶͻӦ˵һ
	ǹսҪ򡣶˵ԴĿ
֮⣬ܶ򡰹ġԣĹǸʷ
չĹ̡ߴǰйϲʱӣկӣ
һƫƧıԶɽͷһ˵汲ȥ￳Ǵû
飬ǵġһ˵汲ҩǴû
Թɼǵġʵǰ˿ϡ٣˭ҲںЩԵط
͹֮ĳЩֺγأ
	˴ӲȷȷĹ⣬ĳʷڲͬʷʱ춲ͬ
壬ҲǺܳģ˵ձġЩ
ȨҪƱ˺ս磬ֵʷΪУ
岻Ǩƽȥ˸õ塣ҪλǶ忴
ȵռ̡ڰ忴ѾΪ
ͶѪ޹顣ɫкͰ˹̹Ҳ֮
	ˣȽϺĽ֡һؾ񹻶࣬
ؾԾǹĳһҲǶȡм״̬
һµĸ߶ΣԼٹ⽻֧رͻ
ûоƧСȣô˸巽ֶ
ԭʼǸƽءȽִ۵ĸԡͶꡱ
ʽԴҪռеһǮ˭Ǯ˭ΪǮ
һȻ춸صľÿиİաҲԹͶ꣬
޹صһȥñ˸ȵȡǸʽĺ
ɸռһɷݵĺϹɿ˾
	ȻʵĹҪӵö࣬Ҳ鷳öࡣ̨
Ķ֮һǣӴ½ʱ˴½ел
̨ҪⲿݻƽϢγ½񣿵Σһ
Թʥʶ̬൱ŨĹ⾭û
Դĵ·ͱȽϳͨˡ
	޷һϺϡܽԼسⲻ
ɥʧȨı֣ǡǡ෴ʹȨһʽΪֻܳ
ԼӵȨĶֻҪǮȫУ
б˽ңкβɣŬԼҵĲƷͷȡ㣬һ
Ϊǰı֡ôһЩĻƧȡ㣬Ϊ
ʲôһǲأֻҪ춾÷չҪ˼ȥ
	һ֮ڣصתԴüֵô
֮Ҳˡ̶䲢Ǻ䶯ķȻսӶ
öࡣ
  νȨȨ֮⣬һԱʵйϽȨ
ȫ򻯵ķչͬʽйصĳҵķɽԽԽҪ
淢ͻþӦðչģܷ
ķɣΪķɺܿⷽì֮ˣȻȨ


ģͳһӦͳһ

	˵Ʒİ취ڹлһʱʵ֣ôһ֮
ӦñȽΪһ֮ڣν⡣
	ۻعǰϦٶʦп˴
Ժ۾ڴ½ŮľӸȨͷĸԴ
ԲȨ˿ڷֲìܣȨ۾ڴ
½Ůƾۣܿܶ۵ľúγɾ޴󸺵
ìʵͨСƽ˵Ҫʮ
ۣôԭ۵ĹģҲһʽ
	Ҳ˽ڳϡȨ񡱡ΪĻϣ
ôҵͳһȾӦͳһϣһҪͳһʵ
ơ͡Ѿʵǡһơǡһȡ
Ŀ궼ǡһ⡰һӦʵΪͳһǽ
졢ŵͳһûͳһͳһĹ졢
ͬңһڹѣô֡ͳһ
жأûеõֱӵĺô
	ͳһӦñȨĻƽȣԼɽȵȣ
ζɵԷȥѰְ١ҵ쿯ﱨֽȻҲӦ
ǨӣϹáᡢĻȨʹԼеʮһ͹
ϷһڵÿһڸȨǨɺѡס
ɡ
	ˮƽ̫ǨӱȻһ̶ȵĻ (
ȻδһЩôأҽԶĳƽ⣬½ڵ
غҲﵽĳֶ̬ƽ)Ȩƽȵǰ
£ȽϿȡİ취þֶοäĿ
	磬춴½ҪǨ̨˿ԶԶ̨ǨӴ½˿ڣݹ
ԭ򣬼̨ľ񼮴󳬹½ľ񼮣̨ĵؼ۾ԶԶ
½̨ó񼮵Թ½صͱȻԶԶ½
ǫܹ́ءͨ˿ںصֻܽ˿
ǨܴĻҺͲƽ⡣

壮ѡӵֱӵʽ

    	Ļ˵ֿϵ壺СΡ
(of people, by people,  for people) ġйؼǡС
⡣СǡΡı֤ûССΡ
ջǳ׵ġСӦǿѡתãΪ
ɴõռС˵ĳ˾㣬֤ĹƱ
תáЩƱȨҪʹΪУӦ
Ʒϡһ㲻ɷתáΪռ
Уĳ̶ֳȵıռС
	ˣ׵ġС traded by the peopleĽ
ƷΪѡġСʽһôǾ񽫳Ϊ
Ӹˡ
	Ҫʽѡ١ѡȨѹӦģ
ΪһЩӺáһЦӳѡƶȵıײĳ˳ѡƱ
ѡߣ浽ͥΪԼ˵ԼѡƱͶԼϲкβԡ
֮ԼϲǸѡߣΪ͡ԼʮԪǮǷ޻˵
ʵǮǱȽԵĻѡ񡱻ʽġԸ
Ըȵأ
	ȻѡԼٱѡΪҪڴѡձػѡҪ
޴ʽʹ֮ΪʵҲͳȫֱѡĺô֮һһ棬
ѡԽ󣬸ͶƱѡٽӰԽ΢СȻ¶ѡٵĮӺ䵭
˶ѡٽֱӰĽͣζŸѡȨĽ͡Ȩѡ߶ѡ
ĽûεģҲȻ¾޴ѡѡѡٵĲε̬
ȡ
	ѡҲƱѡƱѡҪۣ
ֱͬϣѡʱͻ渺öࡣ
	ȻƱѡƱֻһƵıƱгȻҲײ
ƱӦöԹƱгĳЩײԤֹȡҲԹ涨
ɶסڸùɷǣһ棬ľӵĹ
ݣǾͱȻͬʱҲķﷱ٣ĶԽ
ǿңͻսĻ˾ʹ󽵵͡ˣ˫غͶؾ񼮣
ڵĻ˵ǶعӹʺƽİȫϵԣԵĴ
ҲȨ־ɺͷǾɡ
	˵ףĹṩ񣬶ַгģΪ
ķ޷άΪķ񸶳ۣ˰վǴ
һʽгƷǶȥƷһѾ
ʵҪƶĽһƷʹ֮Ϊۡ
˿ѡƷ
	˾ʹƷֱӹҹ˲Ҫм价ڡѡֻ
ѡ񷽰ͷߣѡȴǶԷƷֱѡ
	˾ζ֡ȶľ档ĳ
ЩѡƵǴ۽СӦ䷽ʽ	

Ըʷ
	
	ᣬǳԽԼȥı͵Ļع˶Ӹչ
һ˼
	һлʷлĵʱڣչΪѸ
ʱڣǴսʱǣй˶Դսۺ͸Ϊìܵġ
һ棬ΪǸġټٻšʱеޱȽ
һ棬һս֮νһìǲ
֮Ϊսۡ
	սĻѧĺΰչҪΪ㷺˲Žʱ
ʿ͹˴춸֮䣬ѰܹԼĵطѧ
ййѧѧ١ѧ
ߡˣʱӵܻΪʻӡѧ
Ҽ以ͨҲձ顣
	Ľ൱Ƶɿһʱй
һͳһ˲г˵ͳһ̶Ѿ൱ߡʵνͳһ͡
ѡԴӲͬĽǶȥͨı׼ͳһǣ
ԡΪ֮λĻսʱԭ½൱ͳһ
ġ˵ʱй춡С״̬˵ᡢС
״̬ڵĴʱڣ˵һɢ

   	 սʱչʷ֤ŽĶԪľ
ԭйˣ༸Ҫϣӡȡȵȣ
ҲضС佻ƵλӢ֮
䣬ཻƵͷ㿰һܿǵӢĻǿ
չĶ֮һ
	սʱعһ仯ȿ
˵ͳһ̣Ҳ˵Թֻ̡ԡСΪ㣬Ҳ
ϴսʱͳһĻϣſ˵ֱ仯ǽһͳһ
̡˵ڴϵĶͳһ
	ǣеͳһǽġչǡ׼ͳεĹߣͳ
ν׼Աͳν׼ʵרıִ֯ʵ䡷˼徭
䶨壬ͳһǱ֯ͳһǿοص۹ͳһҪ
ͨսֶδﵽģþ¾澭áĻľǾ
ǿĹҲһǾáĻĹҡˣ¾ʤһн
塣    
	ʵϣʱͳľĻعöࡣ
ĻԭĴʫˡǰټĴӪеʱл
ѧоԺѧΪ˲ţʿ
ר޽Ŵݡѧ߾סǧ𡱸ѧź
»ͷ⡰ʿѧʿְơʱѧ߼
ѧѧԹѧѧʮѧϰ
εѧ١ѧʢʱΪϴ򡱵ľʮˣ
ﵽǧˡ
	عҪһǿз⽨˹塣عͳһй
Ƿ˹ͳһعͳһй֮ᣬȻνǶ˵ҸΪͳһˣ
ͳһ¢ϵͳһʼ˼ʵи߶ȵרƣпȺһв
רͳε˼ɡʹһϰգܵҲԶȴսʱ
䷨ʼعʵϸĻƶȣ׼߶ط
ͶҪǼǣ춴½ĸ￪ǰĻƶȡԼ͡
СеĻƶȣ;ͶһõꡣϰҪ
ٸ˵̾Ĺ涨Ҳӡ漴ͽԳѿ

	ص۹ͳһСˡС񣬴
档񱻷ָԼĹ磬רͳһǰԵÿǰС
ɡλԡ
	عͳһйḶ́Ǿ¾ѹĻĹ̡һ
ǷʡģȻáĻľӱϿ춾¾Ϊδս
ĶԪղȡսΪʽ
	ԭ֮һǣʽϿսʤȷͼӰ
ʤռǮƣ߸ϥǸƳū
Ϊһ־ϷķΪҪġ
	ˣҪȡսʱھĻĶԪ֮ս֮
ΣҪǽͼӰĺƽǡʷΪ
ٵһش⡣ɴǵóƽ֮Ա벹ȷֱ
ӽƵĽѵ
	˵δһУԽԽΪһֳ׵Ʒ
д۵ľ񼮡ôǿ˵ǽһ˿ͳΪ
ϵ۵ʱһʱάԪĻϣսʱת
ʱȫþþ¾ǽսۡ
ķ֮һ

ߣһ廯ͶԪĶ̬ƽ	

	չʷ鵽ԪҪԡǣʵ
ǿɱĵһ廯ơһ廯ͶԪмѰʵĻ
ƽⷽʽʱһشս
	Ϊһг̶ȵƷܴ
ΪѡƷĹ˿ͣͳһгеĶԪƷģʽܳΪ
δһ廯ͶԪ֮г;֮һ
	֮δĿӦܲҵĶ̬šͬʱ
ֹƷҲݵؽδһ廯ͶԪ֮ƽ
⡣κλµˣܺٵһͽͿԼʹ
ʽãͻԽԽ
ͶУչϵģһĳЩܶ˻
ӭģʽһ廯һǸµʽµ
ϲ͵Աȵһ廯ˣʹﵽĳֵһ廯
ͱԪĶ̬ƽ⡣
	ƼĶʮǵҪһǶԸķ˼
Ʒķʽ£ܻӭ̬ʽܱľԽԽ٣
ͱĳСĹģϣС޷άֶȻȻͨ
ĸʽһ棬Ҳ˵ģĴСӳг󣬲û
Ե֮֡ĳЩСܽƷζ̫߻ضܴڻ
	ʮͣرڣҲȨǰʶǰǵʱ
ΪֲˣǨƵҪĻȨ֮һϹá
ĻȨʹԼеʮڶ͹涨뿪κιң
䱾ڡһѡסصȨ춹ʽñ
ʵʡΪƵǨƱȻ޴ĻҶڼ޷ʵ
Ȼܵơڿг£ķʽ
ʮģڸȵȣôǸ
ãǾ״
	ĵƶҵ˿ڽƵԣ
ӶһϵеĻҡʵͬκһڹǨƵĹ
ûз˿ƵȽǨһҲ̫
⡣ԺĻĸңǨƿ±еҪٵöࡣ
	ĳЩʱ֮ӿȣԭҲܡϡΪ󡱵ļ
ֵӰ졣ΪǵģйҪǳѶ
ʱԻعʹͱȻʹϧѵõĳ߻۵Ļعᡣ
˾ʹ൫ȻϧΪʱȥ˲ܸ
񳹵˫򿪷ţ˾ҪǨˡ
	ǰҲ澭ûìʶ̬
ìܳΪҪìܡڸ̶ϵƷһƵĽ֮һ
ξûʽǹƷƷ
Ʒ
	ƷԽԽ̶ȵͨͬʱǲӦӣƷ
ͨҪģ˵
	ǧġͬ硱ӦһһԪ磬
ΪԺ˵Ǹͬḻɵġ̶ܴϴ
ʽĻôδӦпɹͬѡ㹻
֣ͬǿͳһгԼǶгĹĹĳ
Ƕȷӳڶع档δжعԽԽձ飬
ͬҪ־
	Ȼרƹǲ񣬸һݹ
ƲǣרƹĿǰбϾѾûƣǻԽ
ԽСġ෴ĿǰȨָ̬ȣǿԤϣ
δҪңΪĿǰƶ
һʵļȵߡԣӦʶֻڶԶƶ߿ŷ
ĻУ߲ǰȫġԷῪŵĳ̶Խߣߵİȫ
̶ҲԽߡ