ҵԶͯӰ

޲ءɭ (Robert Hessen)

      ʱʷϣ һĪͯ⡣
      ؼǵãƶȵĲǧǧĶͯṩһ·
ṩһֶΣЩͯʱǰʱ꣬
ǾͲܶʮĩʮͳĹҵʱڵӢͯ
ȷС
      ƶȵһˮƽؽ˳˿ڵʺӤ
زʣӶʷǰ˿ڵıը
      1750꣬Ӣ˿򣻵1800Ű򣬵1820
һǧٶʷûġͬʱ˿ڵ乹
Ҳشı仯ͯռߡ׶سĶͯ
ǰʡ1730-4974.5%½1810-2931.8%Щ
ͯھͻز۵ĺ˴Ļᡣ
      ˿ڵԤߣһﷴʱҺͷ
˹ұƭ˵ĻԣӲ˵ڹҵʱ͹׼Ĵÿ

      ѹҵʱڶͯ״ʱ壬ڵǲ
ҲǶʷ֪Ϊʵϣʱͯ˾޴
ơЩ˽ġµҺʫˣҸ˹Ͳã
ЩǷǵʷרң(Southey)Щð侭ʷѧҵι
ߣ˹˼ͬ׻ԡǵ£ҵ
ǰʱֱ͹׼ġƽʱϧǣôһõ˵
ӲǱҵݻˡʷѧҲ֧ǵ۶ϡͳʶҲȥǰ
ƶȵɫʡڹƶȳ֮ǰҪܸߵʽܵ
һĻһҪܾӪľ󲿷ݷաĻʳܲ൥Ӫ
ƶҪźҲһҴСܳԲȫ˹ͬ
ǵļªаֵ֮ǳ?
      ڹҵǰͯɳ?1697꣬˾ͷƶ
д˸档˹ƣһ彡͹򸾶ֻܸӣ
飬ϵĶͯӦ͵Ӧʳķ֯ѧУѧԼ
д:ڼдӸĸܵõֻͰˮһ

      ·άϣ..˹:
      ûȨǿȱȥֻܹӶЩԸ⵽
׬ȡǮԼ
      ˡǮ٣ҲǸɱҪöࡣ˵ѼͥŮϳӤ
ϳ˵
      ͯϳֳʵΪЩŮڼû¹Ҳû
ιӡЩ
      ӶǸտգµµΨһıӻ֮ǹ˵ǹ
ǣʹǲ
      춰
      ڸĸҪȥɻġǹʱܳǵ
һ㶼ɣͨվڷ֯ϵͷ£
ΪͯġӢһͯ(1788)Щɨ̴һ
ְΣյĹģ๤ڹҵǰˣǺ͹
Ȳ޹ϵһӦ춹ͯķЩʵȥ
ūĶͯһȥūĶͯǱ˼
ĺӻ¶ڷϣЩܽƶԱļ໤涨Щ
ҪڵѧͽɻûǮֻп
      ԽԽ£乤ͨҲԽá1819굽1846
һϵйԹӶͯʩԽԽƣԱԽ
ԽȥѲӺͼ󹤳󹤳ҲԽԽٹͯЩ
廨šϦĵĸַŲݡԤĽǣЩ뿿
򹤳ԷĶͯڴ󹤳ҲֻȥЩС־ƫԶĹ
ĹͰȫһ㶼ҪöࡣҲ¹ĺֻ
صһǰϵطظɵũ⻹㣬˹˵
ٶͯ϶֮·åؤС͵Ů
      ͯⲻǿģͯǿ÷չġ춾÷չ
ҳԸȫҴСͯòΪȥ򹤡ǵľ
ǺͶ˲ߣǹԱǹͽڼҡڻϻ
Ͷʵʵʹʵߣ˲Ʒ۸½Ӷ
һˮƽ
      ϣٽ(T.S.Ashton)ԹҵǸ˺ܺõĻش˵:
      죬ӡȺйƽԭϣųǧŮŮƼ
ֶಡ
      ţʽˮƽַǻеĳۣ
Щֻ˿
      ȴйҵǵˡ
      ҿԲһ䣬ҵķʱΰɾֳͣ
ڱκ-ƶ¶ȡõġţֻҪһն
ˣնŹҵʲô?Ǵ󼢻ġ
      ( The Objectivist NewsletterApril1962)