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      춡ʼѧԺйҸн񽱵Ļδ
䣬ӰΧļȺУһȲĸ߽һ
һˣҲһԸһ꣬йŵѧ
ȱϯͨ˾źǻʼѧԺЩί
ҲһֱڳϿҵؼ֣һУѡѧġŷ
Լйѧĺӡ

      һȱϯٳһ

      Ҳָ󡱺ͼ춲ĸʹй䶼һ
İĸн21ʼؽӵ˹¸ĦĽƻ
ѧУﻹڰʿϣҶ߲ϵĹ㲥ۣ
һйһ񽱡ص绰ﴫѵףأϲͬ
񽱣

      ˵ĺˡҲܲʵضԳʵ˵Һ
ʼѧԺ춾佱һйʱΰй
ˡȷʵΪнйΰҡ˵Щʱ
ۡ۵ǣ³ѸĵдΰƷʱѧ
ԺԺʿûһ˶ģҲûм˶ңԶĶѧȤڣ
ֻڱרݲеѾԵ˵ѧӹȥΪѵѡ
һйѧˡ

      һйˣѧԺί˵ǡһ
ɼй˵İȱϯɵѹжȻЩĵ
ǿû뵽չԡָԵʱȴй
УһӲӵĴƻ˲ôɿڵƻʵϣŵ
ѡƻʱ죬ʱ࣬ʱ࣬ȫÿһίʮ
˵ĹҰȤζѧˮƽֻҪίж
˶ԺĻͿ֪һεƻΪʲôɬ

      ˡֱԣΪִŵһߣѧԺ
ʤ⣬ûܵĻԼ򻷾ƣԼҲ
ϲһֱͼĽ⡣ȻйѧҲҲԪУ
ҲˮƽĽڣѧԺԺʿǷǵǰθ
ͬ˲ֹۣǵŵҪġȫѧĺԸ
ȣвСľ롣

      ʵĿǰѧԺͷӵеѡ˵ƣҲ
ݿɹۣǶûинһƣйѧȱϯԼ
ɵίǵھ뼱иСǿԿ϶˵źİȱ
ϯٳһй˵ѡơΪң˵һ
顣ݱ֪ұȸнʸ񽱵һ
ֻԾټλ

      С̬ѧҡ̳֮޽÷գдսƷ
ԱԸ̷ʡĺʱС˵ҿ˹ŮȨ⡢
ֳġˡŮҶ˿ʷ۹ʶϷ
ֳҿдʮ³ڸר³
ʵʦ˹ŵɯƷΪʮѧ䡱
İҿףӵ½Ƕȶ˼̷ʡʫ
˹ī

      ˣδҴٵġչԵѡҲѧԺ
׼ʱʹҴææ佱йˣʹһˮƽ춸нйɥ
ʧᣭǻƷδӢĻģûü
ѧҽйϵңλίŷθδЩ
ѧԺʼϲģҪʱʶһ㲢Ľ

      ǻصŵ

      ΪʲôҪʱصǰŵ㡢
ѡѧԺίȤζѧ޹ؽҪ
һظȨ ƲȨ ûʲô˵ĸ˹۵
ŵ˵Ը߷ϵȨԡ

      ң׵¡ŵµĿɶһΪֽȫ
һɻ𣬻ϢÿԽʽ䷢һ
ǡһְѧڽƷ
ңѧ˹¸ĦѧԺ֣佱迼Ǻѡ˵Ĺ
ֻҪֵõ˾ͿԻ񽱣Ƿ˹άˡ

      õŵУǿԿѧġǹؼ
Եı׼еŵҪҴЩ桱ǡǸ
Ȩɣнı׼Զ

      һŵʵѧŵеġ򡱵Ľͣ
ʱƣ¾µ䣺߶壭ػĲ
ձȤģƷǷӵжȺΪȡҪ׼ʵЧı
׼ѧ

      ŵѡǿѧ׼徫ŵҪ
ĺģ꣬ǰĴ󰮡ִ
еΡĿںţǡ򡱵ľ֡ŵ
ʣ϶߶崫ͳĺԼԡձ״д
ڱء󽭽ɵȲҵжƵ㡣

      ŵһλĵϵߣġ
ڱΪ¼أʱƫء¼ֵϵԣһ
ŵӿֳһȺѧġ类Ϊһ˵ġļѣ
ʱڵġ˹ġ٣²Ĵ˴ŷ
־ġ˹ǻǷ˹ĻսʿǷ
Ȩĳʿǡ ǰĵļ֤ΪԵ˼µķ
˼Ӷΰѧ

      ҶԱĵγеǿɸǾ
ֶ򿨣1986񽱣춷սⴴ
ˡˡ֯1997걻Ƿͥȱϯд̡

      Ȼ۰ԡ򡱵κһͣнƷǲ
ϵģߴƷ̫ɣûжй˶Ʒ
ȤҲûжʵЧƷǷˡľѧ
ݱ̽֡

      нëδȾ

      츬ԭֻлɫëҪԼʵغ
ΪȼգŬȥõĸ裬ָıҲɫķܶȫ
ʧˡһֻ츬񿴼˱ʮּϣһͷڵ
ͷϻѪ춶ͬ飬еӲе;
Լͷϴʹɽߣε˶ͷϵḷ̌Ѫ
ظӴȾɫë

      1909ŵŮꡤܽһԢԹ£
˵ʲôľ͵£ʲôǶ˵İػͰ
ѧҡ˹¸Ħѧϵ޶תԢԣ
ŵѧҪᳫĶָһ˵ΰҺƷ
ĲͶԵĹػԼκʽȺͲС

      ôѾ񽱵ĸнǲһֻ츬أǷ춰ε
˶ͷϵľ̡ӶȾԼëأɻиۼ˵Ǵ
нƷжľ͵θСȻıиּʼ
۵㣬ѧʶǳªı޷չۡΪ˱ڽеΪǣ
ûöԼĴΪĸн˵ķԵ֤ж
˵ػθСڡѧѧɽһУн뼫Ȩ
ƶȿʾ

      йѧֻ£δжϢ
ٵԼС˵ͬһȨսװ׺ķ
˾

      ܸнжôдŵ
򡱵ƷΪõѧǽ³еرֳ
ıûֳеȷų뼫ȨΣ
ȾͲŵĳԡ

      ˵нƷȫû򣬵ǣȷʵ׼
ȱɫı֡Ʒ¹춸ѧ֮ࡣԼϲ
ҵѧϲ¶Ȩѹȵ Ⱥ͵ҡ
ҡѧеݾ͡ɾն¡Ԩһλ˽
棺ֻҪ̽ھԭʼԱ࣬˽
Եڷ羰ɧĸǣдΪԼ
ͼˣҲͼˣΪԼı䲻ˡҪģ
˵ֻ˵ˣдˣ˶ѡǵ͵һûθеĸ
ߵĶס

      ѧԺƣһߺͶߣܽ
硣ͼдѰɡ⣬˵Сˡ
ʣʶ塢¡塢ֵͥ
һУȻǺܴܸġǣйɻصʱһ
ֻɣ˵Ŀνġɡֻ˵һ
˽ɡǷϵɡ

      ԢѪظĺ츬йֱִѪ³Ѹ
ƺһϵͳΪһи˸ңƷ
رڷ˼ѡǲܿȥܶ
ŵ׼ңƷһǳθеġΪԼġϢ
н븯ȨսƺҲйƵΪй˵
ȨϿܵ˸дɣӶϢ
ʱûʶǷΪδɵȥȡɣ
ӦһʲôŶԵΪ֮ķϵйѪۣ

      ˺Ϊнģһһ죬йˣܹȥˣ
רѵͬڽαӻþ޴ҫ㣬
ΪʲôǷ˵ʵڷֲ˼
ֻΪԼдܶϲңǵĿҺɡ

      ŵëȻҲĸнѧԺԺ
ʿҪһǷɫäΪнᳪˣҪˣõĸ
ΪϷҵŮ鶯ǾӦýһֻ츬


      ģƿӺ;ƣѧ

      ʮ˶й˵⣬ŵѡ
ѧԺ԰ʮĿ꣬ѿķΧչѧ
ǵһҪǡȫѧԸµѡ۹⣬ǻŷ޹
е崫ͳ춸 ѧ룬˼Ͷ˹Ҳ
   ԳϣҲϵȫһ廯ıȻơҪģ
ŵĳԣŵҪѧҪͨѧﵽ
һֹʼĻ⡣

        µѡ۹⣬ҪĨɱҵԣ෴
ڶ塢ԡʺۣѧҲ˸ḻɡ죬
ѧ͡ѧγ˫ȻǰߵͷʢйĻҲ
ȷʵһֲɺӵĵٶ͸硣һУ˵Ǹн񽱵ı
˿佱нʵѧĿһٴ롣

      1993꣬人ѧ޶һƪΪ йɫѧ
 жԸнƷĽۣ

        ɽ  ݣйй״ͳĹ
¡һ   ɽ  塱ʱнйĻͳ
ϵĽǸ߶ԭģˣΪǿ԰Ϊһй
ɫѧƷ

      нҲǡѧĹ񡱣һֱйѧԺ
ѧоǰٸ߶˵нý־йѧ߽
һµ̣ΪѧһҪݡ

      ȻΪѧ䷶ĸнȴ𼫴ķ
Ʋ
й۵㲻ۣһЩ͹пϵʵֱָ
ѧĽ͡ΪŵѧĻͳй
ѧִֻܽ崫ͳӽҡһЩй˾ãн
Ʒֻǰִѧʾ˵
ѧʵ顣һ仰ⲻǶܽܵġѧɣû
ʵֽĿܣ

      Ϊһ㲻ܷ񶨣нȷʵԽ˹磬Ĵḻ
ѧǣڸнƷУǸؿǣʽϽ
ڵġձֵľ˼뽻ڣ๲ͬ
ѧ֡

      춸нִʽȥڵں˲̫ǡؽ
˱ΪƿװйľơҲþйļ룬
ѧϷһ淨˵йƿװľƣй
ͳֶΣдлľ񡢵Ȩƽ
ݣôŵίǻرôû״򿪵ִƿӣ
Ҳûж˵صѧǵȤܾʹ¡
磬ԭ֭ԭζйɫ  ¥ ˾޷͡Ϊ
µйƿӲΪ˴򿪡

      бȽϲ1945ŵŮʫ˹
Ϊϰʵ֡ѧһɹԡ˹Ϊ
Ůĸ֡ʫص㣬ȴǶˡ
ƽĹУɳΪƿľơУΪѧ
̩Ʒ̳ӡȹŵѧϼѧ
ͳʫ貢ܵձǾӰ죬ʽǶģ˼ںȴǾ
ֵ֮˵塣۶˻ˣ߶̩
Ȱڴ˲׸

      ӿԿɹġѧǱ
ܡͣνԽǱĲԽġֻίһԸġ
ѧˣΪġѧŵίӦýǰ
γɹľ飬ӶĻ۵Ĳ죬ԼĿζʶ
ѧеĶʽȫѧĿſܽӽ


      壬֮һӱʵ֮;

      ŵгߵѧѧԺ
ʵʶһ㡣ڽнŹУָԤϵ
ǣѧİ䷢ԽἸʮйִѧϷʫ贴Ӱ죬ᷢ
ӼķƫΪãִ̽ѧϷ紴ָһׯ


      ˸е硣Ϊ俶յйҵĶ֪
ڲУҶϵ͸л䣬Ҳŵֶ
ڶԵȰҵѬգʹܹ
˵Լʵǵѡйң˫к
ġ

      һ󵼣ѧԺڰ佱нʱᳫӱʵļֵۡ

      ѧԺ˵нһƪһ˵ʥС˵
ǶйͨΪĻ˿ֲķ㡣Ժ
ʴϸԼĸΪ췴ɡȺߺԹߵľ顣
ܳΪʿĵ´ܾɫ⵱һ
ѧûκһףҲˡľõȨ
ŭҲй˶̶ͬȵķ顣

      ߻Լ۾Сġ֮Ƶ䣬Ȼ
һ
ǿȨˣΪ췴ɡȺԹߣн
׷泱ȺӱԹۣʵطӳй
ΡǣǲҪʣ

      ΨһŵйұµĸǷѾˣйصĿ
ѣǷдˣнԸ䵱ʿĵ´
ӱ̬ȣӦ̫Ȩй˵ѵ˾
ѹʮйӱʵӱܵûҪѧԺ
йóܱׯ֮

      Ϊøнֲסġɡ̬ȣǷǳ
µġԺȻרȨй˺йңһֹͱ
͡йĿǰھµĸʽĿֲ񡣸нԸⲻԸΪ
ʿĵ´˵ѡ񣬵ӦóΪ佱ɡ룬Ҫû
ԸںΪʿĵ´ôߣ
ǷӦó׵ر

      Ȼһ˶䡰סĳɷ֣ǣȱ
Ϊ˲мй˶й˲춱ǿԲϲЩ
һȱʿȴܷĿ꣺й
ܵȨԸӪΪĸнȴܸ
ˡ̨˽ֻ˵һ֡߼סλ
ɵĴߣγйɣڼκ塱ȴ
춣ӱʵ壬˿Į塢ȱ³е塣

      йĿǰ״ƺнȫ޹أһ˵Ժ
Σ߲ڴ˾֤йʮۡ˼ڽԵʱпȺ
İĸȴɵİ裬٩٩̸ǰԺƺϵ
ݣիھԼ޺Ʈ졢̸˵ڶŮ
顣Ϊɡŵѧ磬Ժ
ǲ̫ɣǰԺӲһ⣬Ȥġձ
Ǿʵдˡͬ黳

      ˵ѾӢ۵ʱ߾й
ıŷ֮ʱŷӳȥɭСľɽ֮Ȥ
ǣֻпѴڵĵطпҪӢۡȨҲй
ˣԳ֮ ڱ׫дʱһΪ
߱йвţһѾΣһΪ߿조
רվǿв⣩ִȴСв֮ܳᡱ
ԣ̫ݳ޵ʹ࣬Ҫн̸ѧ
ǹ

      ѧʲôϷҪȥһʲôĵ
ѧ
ѧѪͨ˵Уر˼ʹࡣ
ѧŵҾд 硷ʵ
ʦŵȻһ¶ˣȴһеˣһʱ
עʵˡȤǣнĳɹȴΪսдʵ


      ѵΪйѹָԵļ壬ǵҾһҪ
˵ĸ塢ִбһҪȥдڵı졢ޡ
ûĳ·߹ĸӦȥÿһ˵ɡ
ءѵ˵Ĵȣнеûκ壬ȱٵѧ
ϵġߡ

      ޶ĳָڣйѧпģ
Ȯ壬Ƕҵνȷִä
ӣ谭˵йѧķչźǣѧԺֶ
äӡ

      йһûо䣬ûдʦĹһƬĩУһ
и࣬һ˥Ƕį̄ڴͣȻߵŵ
ǵʲôأ

      ֮Ե̲

      ŵһԽЩ»ң
нѡҲŷڲдĽУн
ԱͼʽĳݣԼԼ춡Ϸԡ⡣ֻϧݱ
߿죬ŵδѧ˾ǼΨġ
춱ƪƣڴ˲

      ɽǸнƳƷŵｫ֮ΪһʥС˵
Եķḻǡڽн֮һС˵׷Ե
С˵عԵн׷봴гɼġ

      н˽ġϡѧɹۣ˵Ϊһ
ңֻԸԸ´죬ſڿӣ֮
ŪԣȴԱӵеĹɡԡ  ѧ
ѧ춡ɽ

      Ƿ̧ߵͼڵĵزǷֻԸ
ݸˡǳªڱ˵ѧУ֮Ϊ
Ķ󣭣˼ֻ֮˼塣ʱʵ
ǡ׼ȷ΢ر˼ںȥ֮
˵˵

      нİ桶ɽ̨ɭġλ븴
λн<ɽ>һУҲƱߵġʽ۵㡣ɭ̸й
С˵γɸ˶صַң³ѸĬ
ȤֻжصַвʹС˵ﵽԲľ磬
֣߸˵ʵ顣춸нǿġ
ʵ֡ɭΪҲ˵θӹ˧С˵
ŤתرλϾǱԵңһ䡰
ҪɭԸнƷʶ뾫٣ȴ֪Ϊδ
ŵίӡ

      пϵнȻмһˡذԼͬ춷
ΡˣΪҲǡһҡɭƵģ
Աں³Ѹнȴ϶ֻһԼ
ŪˡĻӣ򵥵˵С˵³Ѹǰ֮

      ηѧԹֻۣǸнԳơĸ飬
ʹǵĿζҲûйϵҲڵļֵǣǷ
ŵίҪᳫ淨洿׷Ƿйѧķ
ϵԣ᲻ĺ⣬Ӷѧ

      ȻнҲ˵ġ֮Ҫʲôġ˵
ڣΪйĻľͨϷԣ
񷢻ӵʮ־¡һִ˵ĸܣͼִһ
ҪǲЩʳ˼̻ľ˵ش
ʶˣҲûжȤ

      й͹ݡҵһǧ
ҪԼǮȥԡ˵ֻйڵԭϣϰߵǺ
ϳһ˳ȥһ̡ɫζѡйˣ˻
Ǯ㡣Ϊӭ˿ζĸĸﴴ޿ɺǣΪǺй
Ȳѵı֮

      еһĹ¡ŵѧͬһʦ

ίǾһҪڽһλй˵ĳʦΪ
˵йѹȫ򡣵ֻθίǲôŬ޷
ӦѼ롰Ĵȵй˵Ŀζǰѡй
һйԭϼǺҵĳʦ

      غڵйˣ

      ߣй빦

      ߾̸춴˴ŵıǣֻڹ۲йٷһδα
̬ʱ߲мȿֿ۽ʱ⼸꣬ԭǹ쵼׼ļ
һ¸ھʧҵΪʲô쵼׼ġЭᡱû¸ڵ
ԣں䡰һЦʱȻԭɫȨ
ԶҪǺĵ

      κ˶ⲻʧʧЦֻŹũѪǮȥ
רȨǿɳܵЦһŵѡʷ˴ȡ
ҷʡֲĽĺôͳ磬ǳ1938佱Ů
һ󡣱Ϊѧˮƽľı׼
һֻ츬

      й⽻ǡȥ춹⽻֯
佱ָŵѧнǡĿġֻ˵Ƕŵ
ж

      ȫŵĻơѧԺвҺ
λڹʳͻУζԿ֮⣬ѧԺֵġ
ϵȷԡָԭȻ佱⡰ЧѧԺǿ
ɻ䡰ͼ

      Σйףѧдﷴѡʡѧ
ɱҪ漰ʵΡǰѧ
ԺǸʶǡ򡱵ı׼ȴΪһֹ
ЭĶаĿԼ˵ļֵ׷ŵ
һЩ񽱵ΰңŵһ
ߣڽ̡Ȩȫȡһսе̬ȡƶ
ŵһ֡塱꣬תΪһƽ
ߡɼûΡ

      ȻǵйѡΡ򵥵Ϊʶ̬ԿֻҪ
УǶԿʱңǺ͹Ȩ
лѡͿ֪ŵδʶ̬ޡ

      йˣ͹۵ؿһĸнô󽱣й
Ҫ׹ǵĲĥĹͣӦʷ᣺

      ǳڶԵȺʹнִ壻ǲҾ
徵ġġɱʹøнġȥ
ܾŵίȻ뾳ʹÿнйͬ޷õ
ѧԺĹעҪģ̤ܷ涨Ĺͳɣʹ
Źй֪вŻұѹֻ֣˺Ͷ
н˳ΪӹĽȻǸӡ


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