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5-5˹ֵ

	˹ս֮ǰͶԸձֳȤ1941
ӻʢٴͳһţָӿɿõ鱨
ڽڽ˹˹йԶ
վص⡣ͳ˽쵼˶һرʹǰĪ˹
ƾʹ⽻кοͬʱ˹ͨ˹Ӻͳ
תƷɻ
	йձ鱨൱׼ȷġң򶫾ʩ
˺ܴѹʹձսҲʹ˹ָеǡǣͳ
Ļɡؼ춣ͨԼõ鱨Ծ
ͬ˵Ҳ鱨Ա¡Ե¹ߵפ
ɹ¹פձʹйϵЩĸϱĪ
зģˣȻأίԱ֮ǰĶǣ
쵼ڲѡϴط硣һԶ
չжһִ̫ƽľ»أǷ
ļ籨񱨸˵ƽϷбķΪº
籨˵ҪȴĴˣһʱڣ
Ī˹ƿԲصձĽʹ˹ֲֽӴԶĪ˹Ƶ
194112³ЩӲμ׶սĪ˹ƣ¹˵һ⵽
˲Ұܡ
	ĳһ籨Уķϸرձ˵ļƻָվ
ܻܿȺϵĺء鱨ϱ˹ʱ
˹ͳڼ־쵼ˣձܶԱʱ˼
ǣ˹ûн¡鱨ת͸˹ΪʲôΪ
˹Ὣ鱨˹ͼʢٲսǡ˹ֽ˹ľ
濴ǰ׹ͼķֹսһҾ˹ֶǳ
ĿǡΪձĹԽͻȻԽգƻԽԷ
˹ġսԽ͡
	յǰߣԿķֹǸʮּѵľߡǱð
־£˹ľԼͬղȡжĽҪСĶԴ
˹Ī˹Ʊܵвϵ𣿻ǣ֪
ձ֮ᣬ˹öԶȡͬжЭ
飬Աʹձļƻ򱱷˹ֵĶʹóһۣ
¹սһ˹ϣܿձĴתƵϡҲ
ͳĶͲƽ˹Ѿó˽ܾۡ˹
ͳйڱΪը׼صĽ顣˹ͬرʹ
Ī˹ƣȴ۵ķΧνṩļ߻Ͷ͵յ
ǰһϡ
	ձϮ֮ᣬ˹ֵóۣȷ˹źʵ
塣Ȥǣ˹ξ˹ƺձ׼Ʃ
磬1942617գʹϽ˹̹˹תͳױţ
гƣ̫ƽ󱱲Լ˹ӵƵķչųձ
ȡжĿܡƵ֣˵ôԸʹÿվ
Ԯվǵṩʵ½ȻΪ
ӿжʵʩЭŬΪǳȣ
Ȩ˫Ĵʼⶨרżƻ
	Ҳʹ˹־ܾ˹Ľ飬ʹ˵
յǰڼս¹ʦӺ͸߼ԭƽ֮ʱ
ȡκжձװͻķա
	Ȼڵõ˴νϢ֮ᣬ˹޷ƶĪ˹
ȡĻʹԶƸӻĲ衣Σ85գӻʢٴ
ͳż˵ҵõһЩΪǳŵϣձĿ
ǰȡľжʾ괺֮ǰ
ǽѱƳ١
	ȻļѯʣշʱԼձ
սĪ˹ԭϺʱԾս⡣
	˹ֺܳʱûжЩκδ𸴡ǣն
Ī˹ڼ䣬ʹʻʱ䵽ˡ
	19431030ڿķֹҶ˹ΪףӢ
ⳤĪ˹ƻĹᡣһһǽߵ
Ī˹ƺӡ˹־УǺնפʹ
ΪԱںնұߡ
	˵ףƴʿдʱ˹ףơڽ
϶˹ն̸ĻսǰߵľƣԼսλĳɹ
ʱ˵һЩӣҲüԼڷ
	ͻȻҷ֣˹ںնӳңһָֻкҡ
ӣЩʱѹ˵
	ϸ˵նݣоԶľƣ
˾ܵ¹ŷ޵ս֮ᣬսúն
Ϊҷʽת˹ͳǣʱ뱣ܡԣԼ
С˵Ҫñˣ
	ˣ˹ͬ־Сش˵
	ϢʹնּڴĪ˹Ƶľߡڣ
˶Իʢ˵һҪȨ׹ղս
ʿϣϵһ뷨1945겨̹ڼҲ
ʹ³ͳʮָȤڵõ˹ȷս֮ᣬԼ
д˵һﵽ˻ǰԼµҪĿ꣬ǵ
Ա档
	Ϊʲô˹194310³νˣ룬
ɡһ鷢վ˹ָʤ͵¾ڿ˹˴֮
ƽˣձ˵֪ľڱ
ȷ˲ȡжΣҲ΢΢սսʤ¹
ϵ˹ûʢףڷ½Խ磬սʤ۹
ҲܹռձսΪһʹ˹ڷ
½ľ
	
5-6⽻

	Ȼڶ³ͳʱԭӵųΪߵҪأ
Уδ֮ǰѾ˹ͳӰ
ҼӵƶսߣҲߵĹзá
ģɱԣʹ½칤ĿѧǸеǡǾԭ
ֵΣ档ȻӢ쵼ȻΪ
ֻҾнϴɱѡǺ˺˵ߵľʾ
޷ԺʿԺ³Լľ汻һʹ˹
𼪶ջģǿѧҪԭӵܡ
	Ȼʷĳʽϵй
෴κƵķϼӱܡڴʱ˵ȴһȣ˵
ڶԸͬ˵սڼģʱ˹֮㷺ؽ鱨ʽ
״ӵͨѶϵͳʽ̹ˡɻЩԼණ
ƺǹͬĲƲΪʲôԭӵǸأΣӢ
Ҳ˵ҪԱ֪˵ĹԵǲ
֮סѧʮǣڳһȫµĽ
ҪȫµķʵȫµۡǣЩµĹ۵ܷ
أδءΪ˼ͣе˼άſʼͨ·
	Ȼ춱ԭӵʹûʢٺ׶ظеڣȻ
ɡĿѧҵȰ˵ս̬йصĿڶ̶Ӱ
˹𼪶ʢپʹԭӵԸձʱʲôĿǣ
Щսʱ⽻漰սʱڣͬҲ漰ս
ԭ
	룬ؼ춣ʱӢ쵼һģ¢Ͻ
ϴδйĵλʹǴӱĹҲȡ
ò
	һ㣬ٹ̸˸޸˹ԼҲ
ӳ˳ҿʼ֮֮ᣬѾȷɣ
ǵĵˣٹʵʩġȫͬе
ʲôӢѵĹ۵㡭ȻԴ˶ͳ㱨
	Σͳ˧δͬԼ
	1943ڿ˻˹𼪶ǩЭָԭӵǡ
սϾԵأҸܵԾԿͳ
ŵδԷͬ⡱תκϡ
	ᵽǣ˻ΪӢⳤĪ˹ƻ飬Լ
ͷ״εº׼ڼеġĪ˹ƣն̸
սҪԣԼάֺƽΡڵº˹̸ʱ
˹ͳָսʤ˹֮Ϊάֺƽ簲ȫ
պҪԡЩٹ̵ı¡˹̸۵
άȫƽġĸ족Ӣйǣͳȴ
̸ĸ֮нӵԭӵ
	׶Σʢٺ׶Ѿȡʩһѱϵ
;1944613˹𼪶ǩ˼໤ԣָӢս
ʱսᣬڽԼʵĴļල
ͼڸ˾ϽĽ֮ڣԼӡȺ
֮ڣȫؼල˼ʿʯĹӦ
	ѧ˹ԭӵĽ֮һ1944һ
γ˵˹ͳбҪĪ˹ͨйĹȻ
Լׯ԰԰𼪶֮ᣬ˹ͳӢһȷϲı䱣
涨ľ⣬λ쵼˵óۣβ1944919ǩ
ļһд鲣ڵĻȡʩͨ
й©鱨й©ˡ춲ʵʣļĵһ
ȷĻش𣺡ȫ磨ʵע֪Ͻ𡯣ԭӵ
ĴšעǩԡϽ𡯼ʹýйʼලЭǲܽܵ
Ӧϸܡ
	ߵ19452쵼˿ľڼ䣬˹ѯ𼪶
ǷӦڴ˴λڼ佫ٹ̵ͨ˹֡𼪶ԣ
ֽ顰桱˹Ҳûм֡Ϊս
յһλᱻˡ
	벹ǣ쵼ٹ̵ڽ׶ξʹԼĵ
Ա鱨Ҳ˹Ӧͨ˹ٹ̶ܣ
ҲʹǵҲпܴʹ۶ԭӵԭܽйͬ
⡣
	սش̫ƽս˾
ŷľҲɡŶǰϦ˹ǰʼվ¹
Ҫõ㡣ڵʱԿ棬Ӣ
ǿ춱Ѻúϵ˹ܹЩ
ѹ
	˹ĳĬ˹ֿһвίɱǸ
Ĺ˾ʼġͬʱ˹ֵĻԼս
Ҳһǿˡ



5-8˹ָϣṩ

	ϣڹʳһ˫˰ΪɷһߺȲ
һ߻ݡǣֻǽ˽£Ȼ˴
Ҽ顣л֮Ჹ˵19341935ڻá
Σⷽһ㾭顣
	֪ɷ˵Ҵ
	̸֮нԵóһۣҪˡ
	ղ޵ĺ˾Уķŵά桤¬
ķӴǡ½ϣյ¹ֲ֮ľƣԼ޵ĺ
˾Ϊϱ߾ȫȡĴʩڽ¬ķ̸У
ҴŪ˳Ŀġԭһҵ¹֡÷ӦõִĦ˹
˸ۡҴӪźߣǡսʼһִŦԼ
	÷ԼͬһҴŷް͡ţǵʱȽ
ʵĿ֣ӢĿֳɹؾʱȼŷ֮Ҫ
ͨߡ
	ӢԵ¹ս֮ᣬӢ÷ŵծۿڷ
֪ͨ÷Ŵ˹ĴѺˣ˶ѡǣ˹
ȴ˵⡣һҹ÷뿪ͷʻѷ
壬ʧڴСӢ֯׷׷ŷ֡÷
ʻ򱱷Ũ֮˵رܿ˱ɽСżȦʻ
캣ڽӽĪ˹ʱ˹ߵ羲Ĭϵˡ
Ī˹Ԯܿ׼õ¹ͣۿڡ
	÷ųڵƽʱǸɷĦ˹˸ۿڸ
ԼطĴѾջϵȺšˮǧ֡ռ
ȻͣЪêءǳ˿ͧ¹פĪ˹ƴʹݴնŮ
ʿһϱߡݷˣǵװ塣
	˹Ħ˹˸ṩ˶ܵĻʾлͰװðĭ
ơơɿڵĹ೦ײдǣȻᰲŲιۿ֡Ĳ
ҡӾأһε¶ͷյļװ壬˶Լʩȫ
װ޵ŵĿͷЩ˵˶ÿرĹġϲûÿͣǴ
ԱһǧˡΪ׼Ͱڼ䣬Աڴϡϣͧ
÷ŵĴԱϰǿĦ˹˵Ĺʾֲĥʱ䡣
ƵľֲۿڶС
	ҲȥĦ˹˹ʾֲշǳ˼ʾ
ֲĳͣǽĦ˹˵Ų䡢󡢺ȹϵĺԱȻ
ֲһСңϷӢİġĪ˹š
衷־ԼáĹСӣҪǺȾơ衣ֹ
Ůɵ׺䡣ܵҲʱھֲִڵĺ
òؽ߷ֿ
	þֲлʶԱǺơ졣յӢ
˵ʼֻͷѡκһԱὲеһԡҲ
ɷھֲ졣ս̬ȣԱǿյ
ӢԵ²ȡж׼ȵȣȤÿλصù֮ᣬ
ὫЩϸؼЯһıʼǱϡ
	һջϳӲרСʱ¹ԱѾⶨ
֤Ҳ׵˴˹󸱣ԼһСֻͺԱ
֮⣬˶뿪ˡ÷š͵ĺԱڸ
רзֱˡɷίҽ¹Ա͵߽磬ԼĪ˹
ҳڶרУ¹˽ԼҲŬڵˡҴ
һתһᣬѯŽͳᣬһ·ϸ
ԱѡֽҲǺܺõʵ
	÷ֱʮлĦ˹ˣڼҹڻ
Ųĺʻ¹캣һصԼעۺ
װΪҽԺΪҽԺ۵ʱ̡ܶã㱻Ӣվ

	Ħ˹ڻ÷ǻַԼǩ֮շ¹ṩ
ĵһҪԣƹϵʹϣջ˴ĺô

5-9˹ּ𼪶ķ

	19452411֮䣬ڿľеġͷڶλ־
˹ʷϵһҪ׶Ρ˹˹ĸ˹ϵҲһ
¸߶ȡķ޲ɳ˳ǰŶҲʹͳۿ
ϣշ˹ռƻĹģҾãʱǳϿҵض˹
˵ɴӱáӲ̡ˡͳǿ˵ʤ֮Ӧ
ṩԮ˹ļƻʵʩôͻṩ
רһ»ĹϵҲһӡҵ
ʱߵ˹̸ֵʱ˹ͳ̸δļƻƺ
սܺġ˹ֿܱͬʾ˻ӭ
	ԣŶõģҲٳճ̵ĸ
Э顣
	ͬʱսӽڲìҲ𽥳֡˹
̸У˹ָźƽʱڵ٣ս
ҲԾͳһֱƽսὨ룬ӿƶµĹʰȫ
֯жԭ
	ʱλ쵼һǳҪǱһ£
ͬά־úƽĻơ
	Ƿֿܣ֣Ŀǵʵ뷨Զ
һ£
	˹ǵؽӢõֵ֧ġµĹ
֯ͶƱıֱȨǣŶ֮ᣬͻ
ԽܵĳЭ飬շ˿ʢƽȻսᷢ
չϵļ
	йŶѾд˺ܶࡣ۹Լľ
֪ġǣһò˥ǣŶƺ˶ŷ޵ķָ
ȫԡʱ̸ǶԵ¹ķָң˹𼪶ڵº
ֽ¹ָΪСңһ̬൱
	շԷѵ¹ʵԱʾ˻ɡŶ
תŷѯίԱ顣̳ˡĶŷң
˴ǰᵽĲ֮⣬ڻΧϸû̸
	йֻǾѸ˹Լ³ʿ˽ĵת
Э飬 μӶս(ֵǧȺ
)
	Ȥǣ˹ֻ˹Ŷ鶼˺ܸߵ
λλ鵱Ȩƽȵĵ䷶˹ͳ˵ʷУ
ʷеһת۵㡱˵˴λж
ˡʵʩӰķΧϵͳһнһ
֯棬 аúƽĹҶܲμӵ֯
	ΪŶľ飬 ʱ˹ֺ˹֮һ̶ȵ
ΣڴԼ֮໥ϵܹ޴仯õķ
չȻ Ŷͨһеĵ·ô˵Ī˹ôоģ
ָоûгá
	ڡͷ쳣šҲһЩȤ顣Ҵǰ
Ϊ벻Ҫͷ֮Ľ̸ϯŻۡҪ
лͻı¼ ׼ݷĪ˹ξֳԱפʢ١׶ش
ʹĵ籨ĸ塣⻹Ҫ֮佻ı¼ԡʱæ
ʱ䶼ûС
	ºڼ䣬һ˹˹𼪶͡ʱ
λò쵼˱ᣬ Եһš
쳣ķˡһûü緹֮ǰһҲûԣԷǳ
Ȼæ춷ϯģ˲óԡһóԵĲ֮ᣬҲ
ƣû˵Ͽһ飬ܿ
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ֵСزԶ֮Ц˵
	ʱֻй޲Ͷܹ˫ϵ
Ψһط
	˹ֽƻЦһ£ҲЦ:
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5-12˹ǰһ籨

	˹ǰļӢĴڲ̫פͷ
Ŀ̸ֶУ˹˹ֵĹϵһ
Ӱμ̸еĻפʿ鱨˰ס˹ʹ̸о
ʡȻ̸жоѾʼˣʹֱ1945312ղ
ֽӴйͨĪз
	˹̸ֶ˼ҷӦ˹
¹˵ź͵ͼվμ̸еҪ󱻲ˡ
	ݱһ׮ţǾ˹¶ʮգ˹
ױ͵˿ķֹ˹ԮĪзʹµż
ͼ˵˹֣⣬йصʵδȷת
˹żĽβԺͽдϣйظ˽
µԸͱҪԣΪǼ춲ȡѸٺЧĴʩԱٳս
϶ԿκεоͶ
	¶ʮ˹ͨͳ˵ԣ෴ȫ޳ɵ¾
κսϵͶǣֻҲ̸ͬУ˹
ּ˵̸вᵼµ˾ĸƣܹų¹ˣ
̸нͶ͵սǰߵĿܡ
	˹յ鱨ǣڲ̸еڻ£¾ͳ˧ʼӴ
Ͷ͵յǰߡˡ194541գ˹Ī˹Ƶļ
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	ųǣ˹ͳ̸֪ܲеȫϸڣ
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193410·ݣԼΪڻعذ¶ࡤAĪ˵¹
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ŵ˺Ӣڶսߡ
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աȻڴ鱨зʹܽӴδֹ
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ƵģҲͳȥ֮ĵڶ졣籨˵顰Ѳʣûд
κ洦ѳΪȥβӦ໥ΣԣƵС
᲻Ӧٷţڵ¹ӴϽȫЭһµ
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ѣǣ˹˹ֵ໥ϵ֮εĳɷֻǿԹ۲
ġ
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Щų˹˹֮εǰ¿Ա߼Լս
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