ճɡ˼롱顡


ӳ


	ÿҶһ׹ٷʶ̬塢˹ë
˼롣
ٷʶ̬ǽճɵġ˼롱JuchiSubjectivity)ԡ
˼
롱ҳϱΪ1972ܷĿо˼롱ġѧԺ
Ϊ
ѧ߻ٷ˵Ҫҡ廯

塱

	塱ʵǽճɵķʹڳ˼Ļ
ʷϳʳڴйĻرѧֵ̺ȵȣй
ƣһֱйıֱ1894սΪֹӰ£20ͳ
ΪձֳأĻķչԵάһֱǳ֪ʶ
ӵĵ⣬1920γҵĹСı£
20ϰһЩ֪ʶˡ塱ĸ͡Sadaejuui
FlunkeyismӦָձֳĻ˳ӣָڷ⽨ʱ
ѧĶйĻĽܵ˵ȱĻʶԾ
ձйӽ⡣ϻµĹ۵㣬
֡塱
	塱͡Ķڳʸʱµ塣ճ
ҵĴնģδսʱ
ӽŵģνսй½еģ
֮⣬ʴɲ;ӶǴйȥģеӰܵġϴ
ս󱱳йֲ֧ų˵йë
һֱ֧֣йĸȫ˵ǶչĽ
ôϷԺͶԵڽճɾ͸Ӽ񣬼˵
ˣ50ʷϼ̳ġ塱͡Ķͺͳʸ
ǶĻϵճҪµġ塱ϰ
֪䲻Ĵ̵ֲģͬʱҲΪʸڹʹ
һϯ֮ء
	ճɵһι塱ĸ195512µһνУ
ζ;ϵΪճʽĳĻԭ
ͬʱʼ彨衣Ҳ͵ʱڶйءͬһ
꣬ճɡ顱˵ӺPak Hon-yongYi Sung-yop
ޣPakIl-uΪ׵ġ·ߡڵһѪսΪ˹Լ
λڴ

ʲôǡ˼롱

	ճɡ˼롱50ϡḻչ60
°ڳΡ˸еŵĵǣճɡ˼롱ľȻȲ
쵼λҲָãˣԼ
˵ȻˣǾһеҪءճɵĹӺͼ̳
ˡ˼롱Ȩ߽ôһα˼Ļ
	̵˼뽨ѧ֮ϣ
ˣһС˼ΪҪأӶѧĻ
ΪˣһУӶѧԭ
	ζԼ˵ˣ˾һζ
˸Լžá˼ѧԭ
Ϊĵԭϵĵλá
	˵úԵĴڣо򡢴ԺʶΪ
ˣӵһĵλãΪо򡢴Ժʶ
	þ򡢴ԺʶһµѧΪ
ᶯʵص㡣
	򡢴Ժʶ˵ԣءʷطչγ
ġֻ˲ϵָԼͻֻͨ
ϵܴںʹﵽĿġ򡢴Ժʶֻڲеġ

	һӡȳɱۼұ׫ġճ˼ǵ䡷ܡ
˼롱ĺģˡƸϵɡԶˡ
ƸϵΪ˷ġ

˼롱ʵ

	Ȼǲѭͨ˼·ֶԡˡǿһϵ
塢˱˵ϵ˵ġˡָˣν
ˡҲָԼ˵ˡͬйı£ë󶫡
Уɱġ˵ı°λֻҪ
ˣʲô˼漣Դë󶫺ͽճɵǲ
ѧԺ⣬̧ٵΪԨԴںڸ
͵¹Ψѧдĳġ
	ճɺë󶫵˼뵱ȻʷϵΨѧIdealismΨ
־ۣvolunterismȥ֮䱾ʾʲôѧ˼룬ɾ
ȨԴmegalomaniaЩȥѰʲôѧͳ
ֻ

Ӳó¡ڶ˵ġܶԡǿڱйĹ
º˵ȫһ£ЩҪ
˿͹ưʹʵаˡ򣬶ˡ
ӡЩҰĹȵ񲻳ͷߣ
	ˣν˼롱˵ľ˼롢ʹԷ
ϵĵλȫǳҪƶĳʵʩģʽĸϳսԺ򹲲
ǰɡ˼롱ͬʱ
15ڸϳŷСֵܵļƻչˡǧ˶
ƶָ꣬þ»ֶָӾãͻӣѧ
УţѽʦѧϵũμͶЩйĴԾı
ϡ
	ڽճ䡰˼롱ͬһʱڣë˼롱Щ
ʱڡָҵʤʤʵԽԽë󶫵
ԴȡʷԾɺϡëšȷ˼һ
Ⱥգͻ޾ġȷ˼롱ָľ
˼롣ճνԡChanguisongһ˵ҲָȺ˼
ָ»ĸ

˼롱Ĺ

	ع20͹˶۷չʷճɵġ˼롱ȥ
ȻЩʵʿЩۡ׵һ֡˼롱
Ψһʵ˵ĿΪճɵĸ˳ݷ񣬰ѳѪ
ʳɾͶ鹦ڽϣ籱Ͷš̵˫
۷ͼݻǹԽɾ͵սķ棬˫
ĸ쳧ũׯѧУҽԺ;糡ǵ䣬
ʻԸĻĵҰɽʢ       	˼롱
һãһЩѧָģΪṩһѧһϵ
˼һۼһƳ루ǰӣһζѧ˵ֻ
бڽ̻֮˼Ϊһѧϵű񱻽
˵ֻвϵ˼װԼһΪ˲ܱ
մﵽ͡塱ͬһ磬ǸļֵûС
˼롱һݶκκۼϣճɵ
˼롱ë˼һʶ̬ѧ˼ڸΪ䳼
ṩԼϵۡ
	˼롱һʵãΪսӰ·С1964
ڽճɴѧѧҵ󱻷䵽սߡٰһЩ׳ϯ
չ̸֮ĻΪ֮࣬һЩģʽϷΪ
״˳ݣ硶Ѫ𼧺ˡһ
Ա֮ʻʢĴׯԼժƻʱ򡷵ȵȡ
	˼롱κСһ¢˶ʶ̬
ѧĽȨ60°ڣĽ£Ͷ˹ʵ
ѧϰƵľԱɲÿСʱ⣬ÿѧ
ϰۣÿټһѧϰҪøɲǷȥذӵЩ
塱졣˼Ľͺ͸Ȼκһ
ķ֪ʶ˵в֪֮У˸Ȩˡ
ͬ־ʷݡ͡ճͬ־˼оġһ
׵ĸߴͭ񣬲ȫձ齨ĵķ֧ΪƸɲ˼ֶΣ
ӹ˼ɲֲԼ
	С1969걻ΪĶ1973Ϊͬ
ڵһЩԪϵġ顱һճԭû°ŵ
ѡΪίԱᣨ൱ξ֣ίԱڶΪճɵļ̳
˰ѡ˼롱ʱֽСճ塱͸
ÿ䣬ɱΨһ˼˶19742βãһε
ɲȫΪΪѽճ᳹ȫĵ˼
еɽ⡱ı档4·ַΪ˼ʱһЩ
⡱̸ƪ£һƪΪǸᶨȫȫ
һΨһ˼롱һƪΪǵͳҵǰѽճ
䵽ȫȥͬ78¼䣬˵ӻ
飬ΪǴӸϸĽͼǿĹǿؿչȫͳ
һڽճ֮µ˶ı档
	˼롱ֳ˶ΪӸ˳ݣΪԼ
͹̽Ӱ˵ĵλĹߡֻзڼһר˳ݡѧ
κͼϮΪһĹŽ񺱼Ĺƶ¡
