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    йžβ428ճйؿǡ־
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ڡ¡ԴӽֵԾӵľ쵼йӵľꡱ
βظ⣬һЩûĹǵĸ߼Ҳѧ࣬ʱ롣
ǣʵ޷дõ£һܹ˿ڷķĵд˵
ڰдҲڰ׽𲻵ãùٱ淴
һξѧϰϡͬ־̸ϣΪʲô
СΪʲôѧϰЧ΢һʣϾǺܺõĻش͵˵
жʵʩֻͼıһֱѾΪ͸߷ص㣬Ĵ
ӷǵλ͡ӹһͼıҾʣʹҾ뵳쵼
ˣǱԵơӹһʷչĵıȻƣҲʵչ
ҪִľӲǵĹߣǹҵĳǉִԵ
ΣҰѪȵΡӹһþӲڲȨרŶ⣬Ȼ
ȻĽۡѧ˵ë˵ʷԺʵԡһΪʷ
ʵ֤˵ձйȴҪƴҪԵơ˵
йȨķԣһ۲۵ġɡ


йܳ衰찲Ŵ

    ɣʮǰ׶˲Ҿ徵Ĵɱʷеı
ʧɫ֮Ҳйܳ衣

    1989517գ찲ѧ˶ҡȫ˶ݱĽҪͷ
йĴߵСƽĽɾѹľߡСƽ׷߱
ƣʱɾѹйҪңĸҪжϡ˵òʵ
ֵһ֤ݱСƽľȫǳڶйż
ĿǡСƽľɣһ516գ͸Ƿʱ˵
йһشߣ뾭СƽشܣѺ׵£ʹС
ƽʮΡǵСƽα򵹣Ƕǵڶα
⵽Ŀ²ĸʽ㣬ʽ㡣ζԳơһ
ӱ桢ȡϡ˵ǱƵˣȥҪ
ˣҲͬУСƽһļϡ5 17磬Сƽһ
ʯҦֽеԼһйξֳί
СƽһξֳίԱͬʱ찲Ź㳡ѧ֮
㲥վϼ䡢ŵȷġһԡָʮ
ˣǣһλûлʵͷεĻʵۣһλӹĶߡ
ְ߱ĿںţìͷֱָСƽСƽ
ʹСƽҪѹ

    19274£Ϻιװ壬ҵľ£ʯ
ϺʵнϣΪ˾İ׳ų˼ı1989ıֻ޴
ѧʦûκװֻɼٸɵһ֧ɻӡ
Ҫֻڱ찲Ź㳡鱨ѧͨϵϢ
ɻӡһʾϣͬνġɻӡһ
᲻֮ͽɵģȡֶԽɢ򣬻ԣСƽ
ϡǳڶԼҪʧȥȨƵĿ־壬Ҫӡϡ
ıԶԶ˵׳Ĳӡġ찲ļһ¶
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פںϿĶʮžʮʦʮʦֱǷ⿪פںӱ
µĶʮļžʮʦ̹һʦֱӺӱƽؿ פɽ
ĶʮžһʮʦӽؿפںӱʯסĶʮ߼žʮ
ʦʮʦʮһʦֱ̨¹ פںӱʮ˼
һһʮʦһһʮʦ̹˵ʦڱãֱӱ³ǡǵȿ 
פӪڵʮżžһһʮʦһʮʦֱӸء³ǿפ
ݵʮžһһʮʦһһʮʦֱءݿפ
ʮļžһٶʮʦӰפɽ̫ԭʮž
һٰʮʦɽݿפںӱżҿڵʮ弯žһپʮʦ
פͲʮ߼žһپʮʦƽرҪ˵ǣС
ƽγƾʮ˼ž͵ʮսʮ˼žԭʮ˾1985
ıΪʮ˼žפǻ׶Ұս֮һþǰǶҰ
սһݶӣ˾ԱǺպϽսУʮ˾߹񵳾14.3
1950곯սڶսУ˳ίҵУʮ˾
ش־Ը˾Ա»ڸþļνױд¡й־Ը꣡
ʮ˾꣡ʮ˾ֱΪйУһԡꡱ
ʷǰģֻʮ˾٣Ҳһٳþ1985ıΪ
װžΪʦ̹ʦеʦĦʦʦڱʦ
ãááãֱӣԼššͨѶšӶԿ
ֶӵȱϲӣԱ8.6ˣΪȫĲӣǵսԤӵ
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    Ӿ²ϿεıԴһģսۡqġͶ
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ʱ񵳾ֻвû̹ˣûзɻҲܲڡqġУ
̹ʦսáһڱą́ׯսУ񵳾Եվ
ԫʦŵ3.5ˣڡqġ¼УйԵ찲Ź㳡ʮ
޴ѧʮǰɹ쵼йڿսԡѪսʹ
˵ţйǺεȵҫʮɹ쵼йȴͬ
Լ׶ɱƽԸѧԼ֧ǵľйǺεȵߣ
һеĸԴΪйûʵ־ӹһžΪʵΪĵ

    ڹʷ̿ǿԶ͹񵳡Ѫɱѧ
£롰qġ¼ǵѪȼֱСױȴסƺƴġqġ
˶У̿ȾΪɳѪѹġҰУ
ֻץ32ѧ񣬲ûһѧŻԼ¥ץ 
ġ³ѸΪڰһ족1926318յġqһˡҰ
˵ǡԸִǰ㳡ʱӿǹ47˱
200˱ˡݶŮ˻Ůʿ䣬ʱִڣ
ڼ塣жִſڣߵȺһеȥ
ȺͣһֵӪֽţѿںǹʿȺҰ
˷֪ºʮֱߣһԲ£˯š
ߵ֣һοڵqһ˲Ұͬϣ߳
𣬲ӴʳʾڣʯңҴδ˵Ĺ¡Ǳ𡷣
Ůʿ˵̻⹫֮ӣֻοʹ󹲲˵
бqһˡҰҲֻ47ˣֻǡqġһͷΪ
񵳷ɲпѹѧ˶ʵġһq˶ֻǡѧж龭
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ֱ߼ޡҶȡʿ1946623մϺϾ¹ʱ
⵽һЩԳձġ񡰵ıˣûˡϴ
ʷ̿ߢȡĹڱ͹񵳾ӡѪѹѧͺƽ
ԿġqġҰǰ޹˵ģȻҲǺߵġ1989
찲¼˶ˣֱڶûһȷ˵198964ա5
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ӣ˺üˡ֮ӢB B C 찲һ˺ͼǧ
ˡйٷý岥ŹԺԬľϲӷŹͱгϣ
ͬķԣǵ˵¼300ˡҶ֪滰
μٶ滰ôҲɱ300ˡɱ300˺ץ30ȣ˭Ѫ
ѹ

    ߵǷǣɾѹ˵ǡƽ޹ѧ;˵ǡͽ
Ϊ֤ͽĲ̣Ľžսʿʬͷľͷڵչ
˺ü£Ȼԡ͹ʿĳƺţʵǶʬ
衣رǸųʿСͳÿ춼չĸĸ
ֵܽÿ˲֪ʲôζսѿ˺ֻʲôζҵʱ۲쵽
һܡƽһЩŮѧڿ¶ʱԼͬذ
ͷŤ󡪡˼Ҷǹƾʲôÿ춼ǿ˵壿Ƕ
ǶŮܴͬ衣ΪҪ˵壬й˵
һܴ裡ݹٷý屨Ǳһ϶͸ͷԱʿӵġʱ
ڻб˴϶ΪˡޡˮʿĶӣڳӡ
϶౻д̡϶ǲ̵ģֻʬ壬ﲻܰ϶ԵҪ
ѧϡ飬Ӧú޹רƶõƶȡ


ӹһǱս

    198962磬Сƽ桢һйԪϺ
ξֳίʯҦһ𿪻ᣬ찲Ź㳡峡ڻϣСƽ˵
ôһλһ£йңǽǸʲôҪй
;ֻĻ⡣ʱëϯһ쵼˵ţ˵
ȫսײǴֱսûг֡ھͲͬˣңҵ
ˣȨˣһץһݾӣһץһݾӣǸսľ
档һЩνʿֻҪһõȨ֮ͻСƽԹ
˼άʽǰģ˼άʽĻǾӵλ˽˻
߼йһ첻ʵйһһսͷѵΣգ
ǾӹһϰֻҪһ죬йһսͷѵΣա
ǣʵ˾ӹһĹңĵǺޱҪġʵ־ӹһⲿ
Ӱƶ⣬ľǸؼ .һӡв
ʷ198964աйΪһйӵƽ˶ڲ
ΪһǲͷЭѡգѹѡƱѲ̨198964
ѡУŽṤѡ˻ѹʤԺѡپϯλԺ
100ѡϯλе99ܷɺ³˹ЭҪ󷴶벨Ȩ
ŽṤĴʤʵѾ˲ڲͳΣ͹֧ԮŽṤ»
䡷ƽɣ³˹198112£
ʵͳ³˹ȫʵо¹ƣŽṤΪǷ֯
ȡޣ19881989ͬɽеĶԻԲ顣³˹һ
ת䣬ԡڵɡʶҲڲӡڹҡ
ʱڣ³һСϡԾ죬йٷ񾯡
һСݡӶߣҪ3λУ׫д־Բľ
һ˺ܴƶá

    ǵУֱӲƷ˹רͳΡ198912
13ա17գеʲͳεʾУȺ
ӣøѹˮͷ Ⱥڣֱֳɻ̹˺װ׳147
335ˣ25ʧ١˹ſסƺ1218̸ʷ
ʡ1219գʲٴα˵ʾУܰչפв־
ܾʾ߿ǹ1220գ˹ж϶ʵķʣҴһعȻ
ȫ׶˹Ҳ˴ģʾС1222գ̬ǹ
ͬʱɳȹߡӹһȨͬգ˹
;бȺϳ25գϷ򸾱ѺһªӪر·
ͥСʱкдִ̣Сˣ޹Ȩ׸𣬵ǲû
Сƽ˵ġһץһݾӣһץһݾӡȫҡǾ
ӵı֣ܵȫĸ߶

    ӵľѡ19918.19¼ҽ״̬ίԱᡱɾ
Ī˹ƣ˸ֲӡСֶӱȥҶգ鳤һ⣬
Աִܾվ̹˰Χ˵ʱ˹
ʱҶͦŵʦ̹ˣһ̹˱ת
ľӪʮרֲĺԼľĹˡʱ
Ȼǡľӣǹҵľӡ

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ʱȫǣӶڸ֮⣬ԤΡ
һ֧˵ĹҾӵı֣ӳάҰȫ⣬
ڲ˵ĹҵһַʽܹʹҴӹרƶ
ƽȻعȵƶȡй˵Ҳһķʽ

    ޸޸Velvet Revolutionָǰжŷɹŵȹ
תʽһΡްĸΪⳡͷ
βûдһ鲣ûеȼһСûκγزŵļΪû
ļҶԿԼȺ˶ڲѪͻʵ
θ档޸Ǿһ׵޸ȨȻǰ
רͳûתĹңеĵڶθЩң
ҪǶңһθҪƶת䣬θȨĳתơ
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ԵɫӰġһӺ͡
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ȺȨ֯Ϊ׵ȨĲĳͻ¼
ѡٻᣬ֯ʾСᡢչտΡռ㳡صȵȡͷ
ΡʹȨڸУַ֧ɵʾΪȡͬ׷װ
ʻڷӵĶϣԸ

    ɱӡʽ޸ɱרȨĶУվ
һ߷רȨǿȶ߽ȨӡǾһֱ
ʹչûоֵ֧²òȨȨĹǺƽģ˹չ
еȶ߶ûܵ˹㡣

    ǻع˽ʮչ̣ѵóĽۣʵ
ִԽԽͣͨζսΣԽԽСˡ֮ˣ
ԭڽѾΪȫ粻ɵĹʶа󲿷־
ԾԾؽӹһҲʵسΪȫ˵Ĺʶ


Ѫпϣ

    1989524磬ݵСƽ⣬йίٿ飬塢ػ
ΰٺױϯ飬žܲˣ֡
ѧί˾Աββμ˻顣Ŀģͨ⣬ͳһ
Ӹ߼ʶԷӸ߲˼硣ɺѧ֣˵
һͬ־û⣬»᲻أ˵ϲԾ
µľٻǲĵġ

    ĵĲûиݵġ518ίϲӷĵ
ϣ˾Ա±ʮ˼žȾִܾнϵ
ǳ𾪣±˵ȥһˡһҪȵĹ
ͨ벻ͨһ£ִһ¡ڶ磬Сƽ㱨
캣иӣȣʮ˾ľӵίʾִ
вˡ±Ǹոհ鴦ˡСƽ˵Ǿˣ˭
Υ캣ĶҲ⡣ӵȥɡһҪϣһҪ롱
찲ļ飬Ȳ캣Ķӣ±¼õأ
ڡɿձ桷˵±ԿҪȴӽʣ
ûί˵СʣûСƽͬ־˵Сʣ
ûгϯ˵Сʣûоίһϯ
˵ûС˵Ҳܴ±ָȵı˵֪Ƿ
٣Ӷ찲Ź㳡˵Ⱦִܾԭ
һԭǾίûǩ֣һԭ찲Ź㳡ɴ˿
ȾִܾܿӵӰ졣Ҳ˵콫ľ
ѳ˶ߵ޻ һʮ˼ž64
찲Ź㳡ʱȺľصסȻװ׳ִǰһ
˵һ仰ɴʡίһ䣺ʮʮίϯ
վ˾ԱֱǺǰǰһǰȻ
ίϾ·ͥȥȥѽγʫĶԻȻĴ
ȻûȻǶ찲ŵİѧͬ飬һܾ塣
ʮżžһһʮʦһӪ״վվ䣬䲿Ӳμ
ϡ63磬ͻȻӵ򱱾ǽ˵ϼҪҪϧһ
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нְԤһ·ߡʦͬһЩıװͷ쿴ƣ
Ϣ˵еĲѿǹɱˡʦһͷʦͨųڣߴ˵ղ
ָʾʵӪͨԱĵ̨յ˾ίֱһһʮʦش
ĺУܽתҵʮżžҫִн
½ΪƽʵΪ

    ž¸ɲѹѧ;ȷʵпģ
ӵġ쵼ҲǴۿ۵ġԷΪְڽָӲɾίϯ
塢ܲıٺͱ˾Ա±ɣҪϧһִֶн
£žǽ˱ʮ˼žԴͷ±ίָ
ʾȵְԶΪͬίʾǰλ
ڹȣ̡˵Σˣ˵
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š·̰ͥ꣬ѺڱسǼڼܾϴ󣬼
ģһӦе֪֡

    רҪ֪äӵΪߣͳεĻνԾ
ľ쵼Ҳǽ֮ϵģϵĸ߼й˼ˡ
һ۽ĿǰľӸܼܺǺ֮ǣ̸
ʿй֮޲ǶԾӹһƺ޷ܣΪڹȨ
Լ޴ļȵ档ǵ빲רȨ˽ϵһԻϣ
ӱ .ݱ89һٶϽѹŰƼСƽһ档
ǷɱŷԾӵ쵼ʲͬ¡ǣ
Щ˴󲿷̹ȥʣµĲ༸Ҳ̬ӣԾû̫Ӱ
Ŀǰھʵղӵļžʦż٣žܲĴ
־٣Խᣬ̶ͬȵؾִʶ˼룬Ͼͷǵ
ܵȫӾ˳ӵĽЩʶľ١
ܻ˻ߵؽ¡Ծӵľ쵼Զȥ

