ʷеĺ֮

ҫ


    ۽顶ƣˡռǡšеĺʣ18911927ʦ
ѧ磬20081£ռǡš׵ȵһϵĻϣлԭ˺
ԡǰհԵΪгݡľò;ԴӶ
׷ġ˼Աĸ߾硣ϸдĶ߽࣬ͼƬ
̸̸Լĵᡣ


һԴ˼


    ʵ˼ǱĬѧʱ191139գյĺʶ
ǰͳֿϵĸ˹Gettysburg˵1916418գԪֿ
˵еľԡThe government of the peopleby the peoplefor the people
ΪУԲ٣Ϊ֮ûԭϣָ
Ϊ񣬳񣬶Ϊ֮Ȼǲ⡣ǰΪ
ɷһԡɽڡԱ塷У仰ΪΪУΪ
ΣΪŰһֿϰʽ塱Ϊϵ
ģСΡ

    ֿϰʽ塱۽ΪҪǵеġΣby the 
peopleǡȨΪڡѹһʱǡΡεĹؼ
ǡby˼ǡͨ͡ɡǡ塱֮ʼȨǾ
ɣbyȫѡٳôΪ֮ġĿ塱޷֤
ǲöֵĻƭ֡

    ꡷־Լ俪Ļ˶ȻˡΡĸʱΪ
еȴǾСΪסȶġ֣Լɳ¶
ġDemocracyΡڡ꡵ݱ䡷һн
˵ԡ꡷Ϊѧһʳ1913Σֻ305Σ
ϡӿ͡Ĵ513ΣֻǡѧƵȵķ֮һ
ǿڷdemocracyġΡ194ΣȨ30Σ͡ƽ塯
53Σȴʼ룬ܹҲѧһʳƵȵһС롣˵ڡ꡷
־УһûлѧͬҪĵλһֺ;
룬ضͬʱ˹Ԫѡ֧䡢غ塣
УһģԪѡͶ֧ЧؽϳΪһֿʵʩƶȡ
ʧҪεʧܣɴ˶Ļ˶ʹ
һʱͬ˼ʱܿʶؽκѡٳų
⡣

    ѸȷҼ߿ɲԵʽ塱ΪСΡ
ɽõƫƫǴ֮ûпɲԵйʽ塱塢
Ȩ塱һйʽ塱ڹ񵳡¡¡¡
¡ʷУΪһѵʥ塣

    ڡѧۡиߵӦ׾֮ȷ桭Ѻʡĳ¶㣬
ʵӢɽѧ߶ն弰йĲ֧֡ϣ1924ġ
ѧһм˱̬˵ɣӰ쵽йѧδ
ĲܶѶĵܵǰͨϣӦ÷ߺȻȴʮ
ָлΪһѧɼϿһ˲Ը˶һ
ݽǮһһֱһйȥѧǲΪ
й츣ǳ

    һλйʼȣڰСΡڵͬ
˾ܾų̬ȡ1927дŸԶӢĺʣȰԾɴӶ
Ҫȥ

    վڹԪʯ䷨һߣ뱱ѧӢɽԵ³Ѹ
19261023ƽУǨŭںСΡƶȲ
Źǧūֿϣֿ֮£ǲҪкõӰ
Ƭô

    20ͣںĻȦһֱǡΡרʷ
˵˵аʷаʼղ沨ĺʣڼ֡塱
ͬʱҲⲻ˴״ڣӦġΡ֣дΪԼ׳ֶ
ġ֡

    19228£ֱϵڹͨ練ʡΡһڡŬ
ܿġһܡУԼ˼룺Ҫ׳ϣһ
ʲôأһһʱáڶ
ƶȷɵĸܿԷΧģ˷ƵѵάַΡε
һֹһƱҲȥвƱһգ
һƱûƱĻᣬҲûвƱıˡΪ
֯δδɡͲʵΣǾ͵ΪСͲѧˡѧ
ΨһӣǡεΨһӣ

    19331224գڡۡ82ŷ۽רơһ
Ƨҹ۲ʮΣоƶֻһɵƶȡ
ѵһȱξ塣

    ڡһ޵ΡУиһλЧѵ
𽥿Ȩʹμõһѵ˵ϻѧӾ˱
ˮѧٵ˱ٿɵѵ

    ۵㣬۽Ľǣʵ˼ǵ֯걸ѳΣ
ֻβܹ̻ʵΣνӾѧӾ

    1946124գййͳġ»ձڡĻˮ
ƽͣͲʵѡ𣿡һģǡǡǺ˵ӾѧӾ
йä̫࣬ѡʱǳ鷳ҲʵǣΣѡ
ٵܷкܷеúãҪؼûзͷȨ
ܲ޾ӵĳ˺ͷĳˣѡٵļⲢ޷
ġʵѡٵľ֤

    ½˽ͶӴдѡƱѡ٣óĽۣ
ЩĴֻ֤ҪʵľģĻˮƽ벻ʶֶɲ
ɿ˷ϰЩſ`ѡ٣ͼԴѡ֮ʵʩĻԣȫ
ûʵݣǡȫһ衯

    Ȼҷִǡȫһ衯йͨ
ȡȨΪִ֮ΪֹȻڳءѡ١


񵳵Ļᵳ


    1922616賿¾µΧԽɽɽͳΪ
ὢɽݳڿڡգɽںݳ
ڣһٶƽѷٹ625գŬܿڰڳ棬
ڡһܡдα仯ǹ㶫ĸ㽭Ķ¾
ĳͻһϵĳͻŹ㶫Σһģ¹㶫ù
ݣͳһл

    ¾ǲμӹƻ弰ʸĸˣսڼ䣬פ
㶫ϡӭɽɻٽ·ѣڲָ
¾ϡ桱ڡŬܿʮڵġһܡУ
ɵµʬĸǲ¾绤ɵľһθĵΪ
ҲпԹĵطǷЩ̧ϡ桯ȵȾɵ
ʬ¾Ϊʲôʣһ͵Ĺʲô
ʲôϣ棬ΪǸΪ棿ƵԬ
ǲ棿Ƶǲ棿ڸǲ棿

    Թ񵳷ļҷԣڡŬܿʮڵġһܡнһ
˵ͬ˻һܽ磬һֹл¹񵳶
ܽİ취ġ

    ۽ĽͣʵĿ˹Ϊһִķִ
ԡǰͬ˻ǽˣʱνʵ³Ϊһ
󵳡ǣνʲұ̣θԭ񵳲ɽҪˣ
һлһнʵܻᵳɽҪÿһ
߶ҪָģģʾЧң˵Ϊ˸ܾ롣19191010
գɽл¸Ϊй񵳡ǰͬ˻ԱԱ
ԱµǼǣųΪԱʽȻĴϰָģڵ
ģͬʱɵʮԪģӡ󡣱絳±Ƚ
ģɢɣûκʽ쵼Ҳ֪õȷʵΪִ
ΪۺϣѡΪ񡣴ͬߵһ뷨ˣԶ
ȥˣһ񣬽޳ţѡиͶƱ
´Ʊ˹͵ǹ͵ˡ͵κһ˺Ȼ
ѡѹ̸ʲôѡ͡ϡ һԱ
ΪϵĽϣɢǳ¡

    ۽˵ġʵִŷͬ˻ɡ
¡¡¡¡Ĵͳܻᵳƽִ
񵳵ĳתͣνʵȫġ֮лԺԺ
ȻȽɣϾɵģаνʸ֯Ĺ񵳡
һ㣬ν191321ա񵳶֧ӭ˵ǡн˵ǰ
ǸڣǸǰܵ֯ڣǹ֯ǰ
ǾɵƻʱڣڣµĽʱڡǰڵˣóѪľͬ
ܶڣڵеóεļ⣬ͬǷܶǴʱȻûž
ȨǵĵվڷġлȨ񡣡

    νʸ֯Ĺ񵳣ɽ˼ġθ
Լɴ˶ġ¡¡¡¡ܻᵳʽġл
й񵳡һɽƻʷˡ


֮롰


    1923꣬ǶͼԼʡ¶ֱΪѧۡдԣ¼
໥۵š¶ڻд˵׻ĵľǺ֮
һֳġʵǵĲ֮йҵ˿ڼУ׻
ȫӦҪڵġ֮ʮǰᳫ׻ģֻҪһƪ
㲵𡣡

    Ͼһֱ԰׻ĵʿȡԳ¶˵Ȱ룺
ⷬվľʷ˵ģʷӦִǲȥѰ
ԪġأӦ͵·һ֮һеʷ
ʵ

    ʵϣڡ꡷ʱͬȰѾ

    1916215գ־16ŷ¶Ŀͷ¡֮򡷣
áľ򡱵ġ֮򡱣ѹʿڡ־һǿġΩһ
ľ򡱼θ֮񡱣˵θ⡣̴֮򡣡
ҶԻľΪ֮򡣡

    19184£꡷44ԡй֮⡷Ϊ⣬Ǯͬд
¶Լ¶㡢ʵġʶǮͬнǡǡǳ¶ġ
֮򡱼䡰ǰۣƷѧĸΪ
ȲϽǾ鹲һҲáԼŴˡоԭ
ģͬţΪйΨһ취Ȼ뵽һ£Ͽѧ
ɲȷϺģһ֮ɵҰ̵˼룬ȲɲȷϺġʹ
йʹйΪʮ֮壬ԷϿѧΪ֮
ؿѧ˵֮ģΪ֮

    Ǯͬļۣ1918529˽żȰ˵й⣬
ұ俪ڣϸܾ²Ǽ򵥵£ʮֵԣʮϸ
ģſҵóһͷʱ롮··
Ӣģ϶ϰ첻ν֮ŪͿˡ
ҵ˼ΪѧģʵڲࣻЩѧڽյһ
ԵĹоһЩȡĸôһ͵ģʵ˵
͵ţҪѰһ·Ϊ⻰һֵ𣿡

    1919720գڡÿۡоЩ⣬̸Щ塱
Ѱҡ֮򡱵ġġ͵šǲȥо
ƣȴȥ̸壻ȥоνɢȥоϱνȴȥ
̸壻ǻؿڵ̸Ǹʵ˵ɣ
˵λй˼Ʋ֤й档塯
Σվʹ㣬ΪѰŰҽٲġӴòŷ
ȥоǸĽˡ

    һνеǲǰڡ꡷˼šзҵ˼ۡ
ȣھֱ֮༭Ķš塷б˵û֯
ûᣬһлܣѱֹʲôߣûʹĻᡣ
ʱ򣬿±һаһһľⶼ˵ϣͶۣ
ŵûе߸֯ûиǰһ⣬˿ܽ

    ڡÿۡ⣬塱֮;زֱۡ19226£ʲ
ŬܿġһܡлӦ˵ǲʲôġ
һһϿǸˣȻӲ
֦֦ڽڵľ⣻Ȼһʱ𶯰ղܲӦһһ
⡣ΪŸĻֻһһεĸ죬ǲ̸壬̸ֻ
⡣

    ʣ³ѸڡߺУڰQʽ˵ġи
Ĵƣ¾СΪȴΪѵġƩƵĶ죬
ֻһްȻһҪĿˣڤնһ
ķȥնһ;ȻһˣСʵȥ̫ԶˣȻȽѡҾ
̵ȥţΪΨһްɱԼ

    Ϊܹնһࡱĳ¶㡢ǮͬǣʵǲܹҲԸ
һҪĿˡġѰһ·ġ͵֮ˡĸ￪ŵй
гüƶȽ²γ֤¶㡢ǮͬȵѰһ
ݵġ֮򡱵ġûڹͷʵҪ
ģԶҲֻѭ򽥽̤ʵصĽԸͽԽ


ġΪĿݺг


    ڡáʡطʷǰ̨ĴУ۽дܵ
ڵ߼ʵġݡͬġݡ
Ļ˶еһڵѺۣյĻ˶ķѡ

    ڱ߿ʷеĺʣȻйҡڵĶʧȴûд
ʧ㣬ѧڼǱĬΪĴͬ黳Ϳ
̬Լɴ˶ӾѧϰӾƶȻѵΪĲϽ
ÿһλֹ;ĸڡֻҪлĸ
ڣֻڲϴ졢ϽĹ֮вϵض̬
ܳһݵġΪгݡִᣬ
׾ĸƶÿһλ˼˽˰
;˵ᡣ۽Ļ˵ֹһָгġ͡ǿ
гġг˶˵21͵Ľ죬ΪгŬ
ΪݡŬҪĲǿݵʶǸҪݵƶȡʺ
ʵ壬ڴˡ

    ۽ıְǽдγ̵ĴѧԱΪ˴Լ˵ġ˼Ա
Եͻѧﴫõʽԡ˼ġ
Աġ塱Ϊеļ鿪س˸ӿɵĻռ䡣ĳ
˵ϰǱĬΪݺгľԴķ
󡣡

