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    ܷ˵ǺڹΪƵ壬Ϲڰ
ṩͬ񣬴ٽʹԼͺɵҸΪڹ
ܷ

    һ仰˵ʲôǹҡڹҵѳ2ڹ񣬺
ź壻3ԤʾŸݵ˾Ҳ벢Ȩ˾
ЩȻ˾ͣʵ˵˼ش⡣һ˾µƶǰ
ƵĽڽ֮ǰκηϵ¡
ȡĸŬУڱͷǱĶսУпֳ̨
oǡԡߡȨԡһıǣܷ֮
ǰߣɹұȨ棻ߣȨδñ֮ǰȨ
Ķ߸ԡȫͬ½ͺԸ
¸Ǳһĳ֣ǿ¸
׼ȷԺͿԡУһҹĩƸĸʾĻ⣬
ʵ⡣ҡƣʵʩĹؼһ㣬
ԹȻķƴͳĦ䣻ʷһ
֤ǲͬ߱ʣ磬߯˹еѡƶȡֵʷ
ѧҺѧԿ֮ᵽģɳУ
εʵ֡Ӣ³̨νͳκʵʩ
ûЩûҺͿרƹΪ壬֮νo
תΪȡ֮Ժ͸졣ߵԼɺĲͬɣ
ʵʩ֮ǰɵĽ׶ΡɣӦ֮򣬶
ɺͬ˵ʷ߼ĸݡԣ20֮21֮й
ǲҵѽҵķ֮裬漰¡ǲǿʩ
УĹؼܷ壬һ뵽һۼȨ
ȥܶʶͻþԻڼȨȨ׼ȷ
һɱɱεӡǲһԿֵĳ̨ǣ߻
ıôǰĻoΪͶߵĲͲ
ΪҪһǣν£Ƕ֮йȨþ壬ô
þ彫ıһ𣬱Ϊþ

    ϺʵϣҲȡȨȫ̡
̵壬ǹȨȨ֮Ȩʵʩ̡ԣ֮ͬ
У³ɶࡱͣ100̹ˣʶԷʤڡ08
¡̨Ķ࣬ǩڣҲؼ˵ģҪȨ
ִУܣǶԴжϾѾͷ֮⡣⣬ڱάȨ
Ⱥڸ߳ëϯ¼裬߳Žںʳɷ1948
Ŀնǲʷγʶδ
Ⱥ֮ɣȷ˼ĽһǰЧ³֮ʷǽ׼
׼Эͳߺƽ֮Эڽ֮䣬ʵۺͽ̻֮
Э֮֮ǵ˹νĺ۹ʱʽɳ
ĳ֣䡶ԭ͹Ŵϣκƽ񡢰ƽһγ
ʷϲƵºԼûʵεĴڣλʵԵ
ƾճһֲĻ뽻֣߱ͳߺ棨̸ϹȨ棩
໥һ£ԱϵĿܡoһƿ䷨Ŀ¥
ȻʧЧ߽⣬ԲԣΪθֺȨ棬ȫûκκڹ֮壬
Ҳûκ֮ʵڣ䱻Ȩȫ߸ĿԲɵ͡ʹɸ
ԣʵʡȨȨǡһн׼ҳΪ˷
˶ӹͳߣź͹ٳ׼в׼಻ܳеתͽ׼͵
ҪǸĸλθĸķߡҲ˵ڷκν׼
ЭϼšҲǼȨߺȨȨṹκ
ʷϴڹĸĸԺЭԣʴˣγɴԼµʵͬڡ

    ˵ν֮˼룬֮ûɺͶ壬Եģ
oǳν岻棬ұ֮˵֮㡴ʦoǾٳ
ʽ֮Ļʧ䣬δԵɱҪִ֮壻Ҳδ˵һ
ձѧ߸ͼν֮ءнʮסձ
壬ҽƣ۹ֱܷԮĶɳ֮ա
ŷ߻ʵ˼Ϊıȶԡϣ
ĵ︴ҵŬЮȨƣ
Լܶں;ͬ顪Ϸص뼯Ȩѷ⽨ضҵļ
תɹලΡǺ塣йʷϵθĸٴ
˼άӿë˴֮֮ŷ
ΣҲǶκɳ塣ΪǴͣʷ
ʡǴӼ򵥵ġ׼类ϵ˹𯲡ڸֹʱӼƻã
ζãٵٳúרƣѭһʷ޵֮ԣ
н׼Ժʷʱڣɳеԭ򲻱գȫĮ
֪Ҫ˵Ժˡǻͻ޲׼ƣ
ʱɨؾ߷չȨĹʱȺ棬
һȫΥȡԼƵȥ÷ɣΪ񷨺Ϳջԭ򣬾Ϊ
´ڵͷǰͽ׼ǰᡪҪ˵ǵȨûзɣ
¼ݵЭκתοԡתεĻεԸŷ
ũƽĶάȨռ䡣ѡ쵼˰񣬾Ӫó׵
磬ĺͬˣй¡ȻǰʵΪ޴
ʱƶ֪ԴԴԹŴɺ͹Ŵǵ˹ֱˡ
ʻ㣩ʱתβģʽչ֮ǽƵΣ
ЮĸԤ/Ԥʱġǹʱġ
ϵתͳ

    ؼһǣʷɣڻɡйʷڻ
û߼ͻƣҵйʽ壬ոһյط
䷨NԣǣҪҵμȨĽ׼λѹʣ
ԼԦƵԲoǲЭתͶ100ԣ
ֶεءԾԵδʽУ˽ֹΪΡľ
ӹ£Ȩ䡪ǰʲôҲҵһ
һ׼ڶοأ󣬴Ӵ˿ʼƵ
Ȩ֮ϣoʻ֮֮֮ڴ֮ǰκԵ
΢ġǰάݿȨκòǲЧ
ĵ¸ߵһοǴڱŷ֪ҪȨʮУά˵
йʵǿڽݿ˵ʱ֪󵼣һУκε¸ߵ
κʵʵķȨܣo¡ԲĳֺͱȻ
ЩξǹȻдֵģȴ֪κ²ʷ
ĻֶȻļҵ־;ϵκθݡԣ
ڲ޵Ժ󣬸ʷϺܶԼµʷӡ֤º
ʷĹϵ˵˵ԭίûǰӦϣҲκʷ֮
˵ǵġ֮йʵΣoһִ־ԣ쵥н֣
ˣᴥκγɿںţʱᣬҲҪ
й׼ҵҡ˫ʵ󷨱Чѹйѵ
ûһĵˣϲɵ͵ڴתͺ˭
ıͷǱѵ԰ѽʯͽȨ֮רƺڵļȨȨ
ͬıȽ϶תͣѵͬ˼ȺȨ;ȨϤʵ̸ת
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    ձѧ߸ͼոĸ֮ͬʱ򣬼ȹע˼ĻĶԱȣҲ
ע˼ĶԱȡԱȾǣּ֮Ǹ塪޸壬
oйͼ塣֮νϽŴ֮塪
ϣǽѧε͹֮ҰͰҰ״
̬Ҫأǿϣʱʷԣ
ϣչʷ巢չʷһйʷͰΪ
ڽӹ֮֡˵ڷѧ˻Ĺ͵
ת֮Ŀ壬Ѱɡڰǰ˵֮ܲ
ۡйߴǴ˼бֿģ꣬Ŷڻ
ͬǡһͷη׾壬ͬһͷԽڲͬ塣
ǡһĹʵη׾ľͬһĹʵԽֵľϡ
˵δزãҲδغáǴʱΡԭǣ
Ͷ˵ڱȶѰĸɡ

    ˵ձ˾ûжľ񡣡ձӦȻľ
նҰ¶ɵľǸһҪ۵㣬ں
ʱڣն˴ġͼۡҹķӦ÷
仯ǣʵˡΪձձ˱޶ʵΪܵ
ѧʡѧչ19ͳҶҵѶ䣬Ϊ˾ҩ

    ˵ǳ˵ǻ۲ƵĸۺͱֳƵĸ
˵ƵۺͱֳƵı׾ͬϣ

    Ǹڶ֮

    ڶֿǹɣۣ֮ҲԼ֮
ɳγɹ˸ʷԭԭγν֮ϰߣ
֮ͳ˵ɣȻζȡ֮ʷҲγ
λ֮ʷǰʷ׶Σǣۣ֮ÿÿɫʡ
ɳ֮˵꣬ǵ㵽ΪأΪ󡪡˵ɵĶ
λFree cityɳУЩпܵս
սҼ겻ϢFree cityɳ֮⣬Ƕ񣩴ʮһ
ŷ޸˺ܶɳУģװ͵ףڵ־к
ͬˡʮͳͺȵصɹᣬչ
ʮеĴˡԴˣ岻޷ֹҺ޽Լע⣺
һǰµ޽Լ෴עĶ޽ǹþ
ӡƶɡٲȻ˶ңεأͬϣ

    һ㣬˵꾡֤ߣǵ˹ܡڡԭһ
ɵؽɳкͶεĴţɡɣ
һη˼ν˹ﾺǣȻǲ
ԡؽǿڴءȴؽǿգ֮£ΪöֱӲ˹
壬ǲһᡣȣ˵һ˵˹ܹغڴ˵֤֮١Ŀǣ
ɳ֮齨ԣ1˰Ȩ2ѡԼгȨ3齨оȨ4
̺ͨóȨ滹ҪᵽԺŷ֮ĺͬΪó֮壩5
Ų˽ȨȵȡΪ׵ɳУɳγֱ
ԼγɺͶϣļ̳Сϵ
ʽ֮УȷȷʵʵǸɲȾ֮ɲһ
аʫ裬߽ıдһĻþͳԣ
ƺϣѡɴѡֶΡǿ˵ɣںʱ
֮ڣ֮ǿüŵģĻԭɳе
˼а壬ͼ¯ʷѰҡɡĿͻĵ
ҲĽۺδѧظҪ㡣ǣڴԮ˹


    һ˰Ȩʵ֣ǹŴеҪں

    о۵߱Ƚϣȡ
ʱҪöࡣоͷ˰ǹһ֣һ룬ɹ
ƶȶһڰгٻաԼȡ
ãǱе˰գǾͶȫ˰ϸְ˰취ŷ
޸һ㾭ãʮ˵ģΪǱڰׯ԰ȫ˰գׯ԰
ȫũ죬ʹȫ˰ոΡְ취ԵũǿԼϲ
ķ»ͨԼƸԱֽ֮˰ڹ⣬ܹɳ۵ĺᱩ
ˡڵʱΪشһ¡

    е˰ũׯ԰˰һ޵ġʱ
ƽõġ˰һԺԶټӡ˰ȳΪõģɴ˰Ϊ
ָ˰Ļ⣬õġˣ˰Ļ⣬㲻һ֮
Ϊ˵ĸˣڵһˡУ˳Ϊν
УͬһɣΪνˡ

    ȷλأȨƾгᣬͥ

    ˡͨһλأȨƾгᣬ
䲼з棬Ǳʹϰս¡رей飬
ҹ뾡ΡӢһܿݲĹϽ
ϣ⣬гогõĲȨȴ   ˰
ĶУܲĳֲȨǿ˰ʱҷңҪ
ķͥоƱؼѡ֣ŷ޸Ϊʲôⲿ
˰̶ֹĲӵ˰֪˰һ˰У
ѲƣȻġ⣬һ㣬ҲǺΪֵģǾǣǾȻԶ
ģһֶע⣬ǸŴʱڽ
ע

    ֮Կ֮ˡ

    ɣǵãڵʱ£ŷ޸Ҳûһܱ
СʹܴѹȡһС񣬼Ȳܹ
Եo·ߣ˵Ͷĳ֮£Ϊū󱣻͵o
ͬ˴໥о񵥸˵ûһ˹ͬˣ
ֿͲӡ񣬲Ϊ뼺ͬΪǱ
ŵū뼺ͬˣĸԣʹʷŭлἴѹ
裬ԿˡȻηǡãη
һ棬񣬵ûмǡηǵɡԣ໥ϵ
ʹ񻥽ͬˣԿǹ˵ĵˣԣΪԼ
ܣʹĵλΪȹֵ̣ˡȨʹƾгƶ
з棬ǱоѵȨ֮һжȫ
θʹǲҪʹǵͬܶṩõİܶԹ
ṩ൱Ԯַ֯ɣǿƾӵȨɡ
˰ðǣΪ˱ļʹԸΪѡΪͬ˵ˣɾ
ѹǣ˰߻˰ˡм䡱
ͷ͸󣩵ʷձŷʷϲΨйûľ
֣Կǿ֮νе룬ֹŽײķֻ
ע

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    Ĺ뷴ΪӢԼ
ΪݡһȫȻʧȥͳȨĩ꣬񸸵˵
·ףΪ·׵ģڸ̣ʵķȡС
ǵɹΪ顣һڹڣжгᣬ
µĹϽϵʹо֯µгǲڱҪʱԮ
ݷѧ˵гƶȺƶȣʱģ־
󲿷Ҳʽ΢հͳ£ŵõȨĺͬˣҲ
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ʱǳռơʿȵأл׸ڵغԶڱ
ȻԭʣȫȨǴ𽥳Ϊᣬ
ع壬ǱԺƽʸסڶڡ
ʿɶеļʷˡ˹⣬ʮĩʮͳ
ʷิˡ

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Ҫǣʹңɳк͵֮ڡɴ˿Խͣ
ڵϣ֮ʽڴڼ
ķ͹¡ξνϲ㽨Ҫ
֮ɣһξĻֲ롰롰ҡˣ
ˣ֮֮˼룬֮ѵǴڶ˳𣿡֮û
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أڶĲ˹˹УѵԵɳк
ǵĴС͹£ѵԺճдЩ𣿼д
ʫĻ֣ãֻжٱʵںأνһЩʦ
֮ȽϣκΪϣΪκӹίίί˼ս
ص򣬹ʳء֮֡أʡ顷ơ֡ 
ݿΪϣӢGreeceȻ֮ǣκΪϣ֧
عΪ֧֡ݿġͺXǿ֤г
ǴӹƺĻϣкӦ˵ǷΪȷأ֮ᡱ
͡ƽ̨ǲǴӹŴϣ쵽͵ɳأѡг䲼
ɣ齨Ӻͳ֮ͥƣǲȻºܷһԴͷأй
ڱȽϼǧǰڵ˼άƵʱ򣬳ȥǵĹŴɡŴ
ѵûзʷڵͬЩ顢
֮󣬾βȽϺζԱأûЩʷգԣܷҲã
ҲգСʵֶζʵֵĿأӳʼģ
ǳϰߵʽ֮ڱΪĿԺ󣬾תΪֶΡĿĺһ
ѧǲҲʼɳأһϰͳҪٱر
Ͳرأתһеģȷң˹ϵ
ļȨأǽɳкڡ
ǣ˻ϲϡһϣҲ˼oĽ
˼άԵoйŻᶼʲ׼ʵΪǡ





    ܷĻ壬׼֮Ȩϵ嶨嶨
Ȼĳʶ裬ΪΪ˸׼Ȩþ⣨֮ң
壬ƽ֮䣬Ȼ̨ƶȡȨͱķɣԼʵ
Ⱥ֮Ȩ磬γһֲǾѹһУ߹ռһУƽһе
档䣬Ȩһ㺭֮䣨̻ʺͽʿȨ棩Ȩ湲մ
ֱӻ߼ָ׼ͺ;ͽ⡣һԣѧ˲ųƶ֮Ρ֮
ĿܣȴͳרͳΣʹؼһǣɺ
µÿÿ̨Ҫƺ׼֮Ȩ治Ҳ˵ƺ̬Ƶĳ̨
򣬶ǹ棬ͷҶɵ״ɵĶ򡪡
ͼνйʱ֮ټΪܳͳεʽ΢֪ʶӵ¡
⽨ƶȣ뼯ȨƶȴġڻȨȻԼһԵ
֮⽨ƴһͳձά˵ķϷأŷͱŷġ
νֱ񣬶ȡнġۡм׼
ĶȨڹ͡۵֮·Ȩ֮·;ͬ顣̣
ڷͺĶйУתΪ۱Ķúԭ򣬾
ԹΪм׼˫ɶĸѡʵ
˷֮񶨣oйȨڳŷĸŲʴˣ׼ͬ
ġ⡱ΪԼȨִ۵ĵһԭԼ򵥿ʵһ
еܷɲԣڴϺٺܣʵΪһֵˡ

    Уϵ˹ŷڸھһҲ嶨
κЧء˵ƽ񱩶ˣҲ˵ġ췴ͬϣ
ΪεĲݣɹյĺϷǷʵҲǺϷı壬
ΪεԲ۵㣬ǿٷѹйѧʱ򣬸
ȷʶ⵱Ȼʲôԭʼ塱ǽνҶϵĻ衣
ԭʼұʶoȻ룬ά̹ԱĻ˹
塣ܶѧ߶ȷָĺϷԺԣεıҪ
䡣֮ɱ׼Ѿ͵棬ôķƾ
½׼Ķ񷨣˹ַ֮۲죬ǡΪͶԪ׼
ƵͷγӢΪģάȨ͹Ԫײ䡣Ժ
һԹֱִ֮ת䡣׼ƽ߲ƽľ棬
չΪƲѡƱԺѡԣǿκʷ
һΪȷʾ˵ܷĳ׼ĳײɿ˵
Ǹ׼ЭĲƾ񣬲ǽͻȻ֣ǹغϣ
֮ϵʷĴͳͱ졪ҲҲ֮ʷ߼
αȻԣûκηɿڲ׼ǰƶʵʩҲû
ηɣͳ翹һͳȨͳ£κЭǰ£ɡ
ûκδࡰƽת͡ͺгãܹ֡ûκִȨң߱
ȨΡͷ֮ܡûκηɣڽ׼Ͳ£֮
Ҳûκθ˺壬ƾճ¡Ǵִ֮˹ά
ν±Ķ壬Ͳܷʷĺ塪ǲν֮ı
һֿı֮ǰᣬǹҺ϶˸͵
״Ϊ֮һϵ˹νӢ±ǡӢ׼ʱڵĲ
ǹ߽̻ѹĲζ壬һĿȻ֮޵ͣ
͵oжɣoʷ

    ν׼״۲ͼĽͣеϸڡ
ͼһ֣͵ͳ̬һҡ
̡ʿͷ²׼ĹϽȨϰҲ֪Լͳ
˭ȨҪũūͶ͸طͥʽϽȨ̻˭˭Ȣ
ǿԽŲ˭ԺЧ
⽨ϽȨɡ̻oҪа취Ȩ棻
״εĳ򿹾ܹΪѹǹһҪЩ̸δ
뼯ȨҸۡΨһ·ŴͽҵǾȻ಻
еĽϴߣoЩЧϡṩĳЩ·Լ
ʱṩԡ֮軧軧ÿᶼһ
ɸͳ̬׺ɵİɲ ˼ʷ 

    ټڣһɵ״ŷҵķɺĻͳɲ
˼άͲһϷˡϷڣӢд
֮Ҫ壬ƽáϵ˹ŷνӢۣͬ
ڽʹ³̨ľɡ䣬ŷľۣάҪ
м׼͹õľ֮ȨļбҲǷ⽨֮Ȩ
ΪලƺȨ֮ǣoз⽨ƺȨһȻ
ϡ͹ȻеġȨۺͷҪԴ֮һ
ŷľȫ޷⽨ۼ֮ûн齨ơǶ
ټڵһַͼҲ˵ҵȨУ
Ͷмķۡǣڲoʣ
Ĺϵ֮νκʽ˫õʷ˵ǰһʽȿ
ԱʣҲ򼫶˻Ȩһʽνֱרƣ
֮áʽͲԪ׼Լ֮ʱڣҲ
ڷƵԽʩеĹؼһʱڣȫκ޲˹Ӷ
׼֮ķǽ׼תɺĳԽʽƵ˼塣
ԣ˵˻Ȩʵۼ񼴷/伴Щ
ĳ֣ǵʱ⽨룬Ȩͷƶƽʷ

    ˵ϵ˹ӢƺȨ޲еãҲ
һ㣷רߵˣ޷죬ι˼ηչأ
Ȥζʷ֤

    ϵ˹渧ŷΪܹάֹɵƣԭ
ƽɧŷάʷָʱҪծ·
أЩɧɷװðԪԺĹͷͳͼһʱ
ڵأʹָ֮ƽ⡣ŷУϵ˹У
ɧȻǽ˵ġ׼ȫϷҲȫǷŷ˵ˣ
Ƴ⣬ܿǴ⡣˼ʷǡ塱
֮ν֮塪ƽ񱩶췴ͷɶԣ
ǡ׼ƶɡй˿Ľ׼ӣ֪ǲ
ڽ׼𣬸׼ȨƣԵ£ԼȨ
Щ˵˰ȷ֮Ҳ͡ʵȨĿԣ

    ˵벻ʱ֮񱩶ʮ͵Ӣ
ʱͳΡһְܵĵĽ׼ķԵΪ
̫ΪΪԶԺ׼ΪһַԵķʽ䡣Ӣ˵
֮ԱȫΪ񷢻Ӹá֮ƽܷã
ˣ

    һʲôӵʾأ

    1Ӣŷ޹֮бڴΪǷǰں󡪡ȫ
λߴΣȫƽ񣬱ҪҲ෴ûи
Դoߵooôͻǰë
һı֮ʵʣ֮ۡ

    2ڷϤ£һ
µȸԤȨǾܾĸĽһн׼ʹ
Ծƺĵߣȫɹʵ˵ģȡ
ȫ̡

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