جΣߵĸߣ

գ


    κʱoͨյľʱľҽұ΢ĸ
侭Ǹʱһߡ


40


    תֵ£ȷ紵˴ůڵ⣬ڰųʪζĳ
ȵ˵档1966֡

    516人ʦʽųƳԱ120ˡ人ġԱ85%
֯ЩؼϽˡһԷ֯ΪΣûеõϼ֯
ָǲҲԷγɺųưȺ塣һ϶µֵܾ֧
λ䱣ɲΪĹٰ֯ôʲô֯ǣԶëϯ
ë󶫷ѣëֵ֧췴ɻ10ʦͷͷ˵
ǺĸûǷĸġǵo͹Ժϵÿ
ǻ㱨Ǻĸﲻһװӡ

    ٷһֱ꣺Ļвͬ۵ɱȺ֯;Ⱥ˵
۵ʱһ֯ӵйӵëϯԷ쵼ʷǰ
ĻԶǹɱһ

    ˵人ָʾҪܲƽѸֹͷͷϼŵ
ʦǱ֯ҪǵĹٵ֧췴ɣ췴ɻӵٵ
˵10ܺġĻһеõ֤ʵ

    ٵʲô̬أ人ץϽĶ
˵ٵڻ췴Ƕӣһз紵ݶЩ˻Ͷ̨壬˵
£ĸӸҶṲȨǾǹۡ

    ǹҪָ˭֪˭ˣë󶫻ǳٵ϶ë
ˣΪٵ人85%ϵԱԸǲսʤġë
ǡ񡱲ǡˡܴأǾˡĸ˴ֲϸ֮˵ë
ܴٵûдĵoƭ췴ǰˣ˭췴أ췴
췴߸˵Ĵ

    Ըλ䱣ɲΪǸġʦӿ̨ϵμ
չֳֳìˣʱһһĳӣϵ
ȫվͷñóì¡¡ؿ

    òϣǸѵصĽ׼սԱǡţ񡱵Ŀ
ǣһ㲻šһʾʦ󽭣ţȫɨ⡣ǡǧ
Ҫǽ׼ںŵϵ׷ߡִߣ˵Ǳģ
ԩǶ·Уǡţ񡱵̨ܺǵ
ǽ׼޲׼ת

    ʦʥַйȨʮĹȨֹܴǹ
Ȩ֮ϵеҪ߸־ʱڷġλͷ
ĿѣðЩµĲԤУʱʱճηƱ任ʼ
ȱٰȫСһֿ־ѹǣңûзƣûԼûб׼
ȫƾʵ۵ĽڣǶ䣬䣬ִ߲ͬҲͬշ
ҵƽõ˵Ȩ׷ͻ䣬ҽ

    ԡ󡱵Ŀ־ңر߳ԺţȷѪ꣬ҵ
սľʬͷ̫¸ã洫˵ǡţ񡱣ҪҲ
Ҫšʦ֮ŮӸߺëϯ꣬췴¥6
17հʦѪϴţɱ췴ɳʬͭ±ʬ죬ֹܡֶ
˾췴ɵľݵ̱ƣ̤ƽ


41


    ԺڵصĴѧǡֶ˾ĴӪ֮һ1967624գ
߷һѪ䶷ΪԹߣҾĿһУ40ȥˣ
Ȼܸо40ǰֲĿѪ˱Ƕ

    1967623磬תƮţëϸ꣬δСһ
ͽӵ֪ͨסԺͬ־°࣬סԺͬ־ͼ󶼼е
ᡪ¥ҹЩˮʳƷ

    ԭʦҪֶ˾ӪΧºĴԺ

    ¥ֵһվֳֳìİʦսʿÿΪ˸Ϊ
ӣΪ˸ȫ85%ĹԱԱ֮һҪǽսʿ
ִйÿ˶쵽5ԪǮĲ

    ͨѧУ԰·ÿ˶ҪԱԼĹ۵㡪ʲôɣ
ԳìʣҵͬׯңŵﲻָѧУķ˵
Ϻ棬湤ѧУˡò׹ءȻҲаģ
¶ꡣ

    У԰һƬսæѧ׼ص8¥ǽ䱸ɭϡ

    һ׳Ͳ¥˵ɽһһͨߵש¥
ӣ¥¥ĴשͷʯͷΪֶ˾սڱɽ¥
ƮǶ·ڡ㲥ڲëʫʡ£ɽĸɽ
ʤɽͷĽţоΧǧأΡȻɭϱݣ־ɳǡ
¡оݡ

    꼶ѧһǹĲײԣ꼶ѧ˾д
أͬ飬Ϊеżë󶫣ϵɽ»𺣵ľģű׳
ֿĳɫֲµ¹һΪı˸
ʹǲϧԼ

    ֪Ծֵ֧ġʦѵʯݵ㽫̤ƽ
ȻᶨһжΪ˾ëϯʹսҲǱ
ս

    ҼǱݵʫſҵְɣ衱ǽһҪ췴μս
ţ轲һϯһ䣺裬ſҵְɣ߳
жἺǧҡȻ

    ҵСܵðǿ֪ǵϳԼһԸȫ85%ϵĹ
ԱԱվǵĶ棬ǲǵˣɵġʦ
ֳֳìָǰ

    Ե;ԵϣǱرۡۡ

    Ȼһͳسĸ
    Գߣ
    ׿ͷҪ
    oҪ档
    ɱһкˡ

    Ⱦ췴߲ս־Ϊеżë󶫶սĸӢ
ļ飬˸ű羫ǵʧǲԶģ
ƫһߵġ֪ǻʧܻᵹ¡

    ҿᣬȴһҲûУoΪʹҸеǱ׳˵ʵ
֤ë󶫣˵衣ǳϰ

    ǧлû̺Ͷ˹ǵľйķ̣
飬ޡйoжԻʵ۵ĸ˳ڽ־Գ
ĳ̶ֳǸѹĲ־ݣΪ֤ݶݣһα
ԡĸɱ߶Сëϯꡱľʣصһ׮һ
ԴӢġ׼ۡȪ·ϵƺԴͼΪ֤ʵ
ʲôڸǵʲôǻŵԶ֮ȥʹҲʷı


42


    ڴԺʮ˼ң϶ŮƵĶᣬԭǴط
ʮŵ˴ʷָһ飬һռһλ

    ζضԴ˵ʲô۵㣬ʲôɣ´ҪŽһ£
Ҷ޲׼ɣͬ£Ҫ£ûʲô𻯲˭Ҫ
ˣ͡ʹԸ

    ɷȥμֵࡢѲߡæǰæ󣬰Ŵҵ£ο
Ҫ£˵Ժûвμϵ췴֯µġ

    ¼ˣǸоսսһŮ߲죬
۾ôģ֪ʲô

    һԴк׶԰ѧĶ裺´ϼӽҪ㣬
Ƥӵéҷ׷ָӵĸף첻Ҫˣʦ
ǴҶˡ

    һһɫĴ߮Ǵô
ղĽſ־ǽʻߡ

    ͻȻ𣬰칫¥ݿսһűǡ㻨۵Ĵֱ
սӵͷͷҪҪȥҲ

    ͷͷÿɷЦҵСû뵽ܣ췴۵Ϊǡһٳ
һٴң˿϶ᵱͽвϡһû
һҼַ޲׼ķһһǶҪ
֪ǰʵֹǡѡ¾ġͶСҲմ췴ɵı
ˡ

    ѱ䡱ΪʾǳѵĿֲʡì
£ʦͳȨĴȫÿʡÿСÿÿ
ѧУÿֵÿ綼šʦ85%ϵĹԱԱ
ҵмĹǡꡣ

    йδ̨ʡе̨ǧǧѧУӡءֵ
С̨ΪġNʦ85%ϵĹԱԱΰë
̨ˡݳߡ

    1949ꡪ1966꣬17׳һĻĻչͻȻëҪˣҪ̨վſģ
̨̨ϵ̨

    ǣⲻϷ̨˭̨Ҳûϵ̨һһ°ŲѪ
սΡǣë󶫰⡰һһ¡Ϊһ׼Ʒһ׼ĸ
ȫ¶ϵġȨëҪֲġϷӡսͳ
֯85%ϵĹԱԱвлǹ̫ˣͻȻ
ë쵼ⳡȫ󻻰췴϶ҪʧܡұԼһŵõսľæ
±ʶҵ¡

    ܶȥĸﱻˡƽⳡ޶Դʤ߶ã
֪ԼҲһ


43


    ҹԽԽ󣬲ϵ飬ڽϵĻɫľôɨ̽յƹ
£εԲ͸һ䡣Զ⴫ѽɱѽĺשͷ߿ײ
ҹ˯ѹֵϢ

    㣬ԶԶĴ׳ĸȵūȫܿˣ
ǻѪѾڣҪΪ

    ͻȻȫԺһƬڰ㲥Ȼˡ

    ԱߵһλͬµİѧУʦĸңѧ˽8#¥İš
Ҳ8#¥

    ս鲻ã1965Ĵѧҵ˷䵽ѧν̣䵽
ԺǹԱ͹ԱǺܺúܺõĺˡ

    ǹ㲥վվԺ80%϶ˣѧУһ˹㲥վ
ӡƹӡӾӡǹ㲥Ա֮һҵһε࣬һż¶ò
࣬ûЦңҸȥҾ

    ĸ￪ʼвμЩҵӣ󲿷δֱΧ
ǵƹӶӳÿֱĶԱӦһſĳƹ
ӵ˹˾˵ȥҵԼԼˡ˭룬Ҳ
⵽ֱΧһƹӽɢ˵Ժ˸
š

    㲥վվûܵκγǳ㲥վʱϸ񣬹㲥Աеoһ
˱ûֱңûҡoǵض˵ӣ
ٻҸмǵˣΪʲô顣

    ڵңĳĳšʼղţͬʲ׼
·߿ʼһֱΪЩԩͬ±ߣΪƽҲǡ㻨ɹ۵㣬
İˡṈ̀ӡѧɫδ˵ĹԱѧʦʱ
8#ӭӰʦս

    ˵85%ĹԱԱڰʦǷӦڹԱԱ
15%֮Уܵo10%֮УΪ5%Ҫ򵹵ġĹԱ
ȥġʱڵС齯ĹԱԺ롢
ĹԱЩ˵Ĺͬ˸ǣ顢ϣ׼


44


    ¥һ궯ҵɷ򣬼嵽¥ݿڣڰнԶз⣬
ǰȻǿĺڰӰģƺӰڵأȾǣ
ֵֹӰӵ˽˱ϵķ䣬ʲôҲûп
Ҳʲôû

    ɷң˵ѧ˽8#¥Եعܶʱ
ˮ֫ݰˡ˸ǻ·ڻ˯

    ҹѰǽ˯ĸûһ˺ۣɫ̴壬һûһµ
Ӷȴӡ𰵣Ρᡱ

    ҷ·ˮľĮȻĵĳ˼һƬ
ģģ˻˯ǻӵĺԶĺŬ
ʲôȴôҲ˹ҵ֣ƴıܣԼ
صɽҰĻ⣬ɱڿնשͷ߿飬Ҳڣҵo
ּܻ̿ٵƴܣˣ

    ͳͳվһʵŷصô
ҡ

    ɫʦˡվ嵽ſ뿴

    ɵ˵Ⱥ˳ӵߣվſڵҼ⣬ȺＷţ
ҵĺӣҪҵĺӡұŻ˯еŮһ߳

    ߻𣿡ųìʡ

    ûˣûˡһæش

    ҪѲ飬С˵ѧУλԺ
ԺְԺĵίǡ

    ǵίǣλͷͷģģٺüָۣǵĳìˣʣ
Щʲô۵㣿

    ƽػش𣺶ǵˣ޲׼ɹ۵㣬û˽ϵ
֯

    ɵؿһۣ˵Ҫ߶ǣǲ𡱡

    ϶Ůػط䡣ʳû𣬷Ҳûгԡ

    ܵ8¥䶷ֳȥЩѹɣǾսѹɣ
ûеģС˵ʦĶǲԣˣҲôˡ߳Ա
˵ѳˣܴڳԣoһһĳԡ

    ˵ʦ8#¥úܼѣѧשͷʯͷǽã㼸
һ鶥ش¥ڿȻһһڱ顣ѧǵޱ
鼮͵Ż𣬿ѧزסˡ

    磬»ʦˣԻؼˡҰŮɷתȥ8¥

    չǰǶϱڲԫһƬǼ

    Ͳ¥ȴյýooժȥѡһ¥ʮ䷿ȫÿ
ĉ϶ſŴĴ󶴣ս鼮ûȼ͸ıˮܵû
ð̡

    ɽ£һìͱڵϣֱɵɵ۾ŵúܴ־壬
սǱɱģһ̲ѪȾ˵档ƽһνĿһڳìµ
սڡ

    ʲôĳޣµְ̾Ϣ

    ʦ˵ѧţ񡱡סڸһλʦĸ׶
˵

    ʹţвˣҲһ˲һ
塱壬ϻ𣿣720¼ߵŮ˴ƾ
ǲ֪ţǸôƽϹˣëϯĻμ췴

    ¥ߵĿյأɽ߻رɽһ׵ľ룬ʮնĴڣ
ŵ۾ֱɵɵĿңҲƵļӿ˽Ų

    ɽĴŻ̳̳ѧУŵķһ޴ĺܣӢ
ЦеؿǰһУԿţ߾ë˼ǰһŽɫ
֡

    վڻ̳ߣϻеѪۡһסڴſڸĹģ
Ķ˵ʦ𹥣ѧزסˣޱ£š¥ˣ
һͷͷ˺أ˲ëϯǰģëϯĻ
еף˵߾ֱȻš

    ѧǶȥˣʡ

    ĶȥˣץˣͳͳץˣóìѺߵģָʾɱѧ
ѧˣ˵ˡ˵ţм˿֪Ȥض㿪ˡ

    У԰һƬţ¥Ŀߣÿѧ¥Ѫ

    Ļĸݱɡ仯ĸ鲼ȫĴݻ췴ѧġ
ߣë󶫻µġıǰеë󶫵ζʩɱﵣo
ʷȥ˵ˡ


45


    ߽ңŮԶԶ˹˵裬˼˵ʦҪëë˵ǼҪˣ
ҲӰɣ¡ұŮ߽ţɷû˵ʱһѰŽȻ
ţǼĴ͸㷲

    ûб˰ɡʡ

    ûСǻǼұˣޱشȥˡ

    ԭ߽Ӧʦô֪췴ɹ۵ء

    Ů˵裬ӰɣӵϺȥһܿܵˡӱŽ
һֱŵܵܡ

    8#Ǳˣ˵ɱѧ˾˵ˡ

    ˶ԽԽ˿͸Ť黨Ҳ󣬲֪ëϯĺûǲ
ëϯĺá

    һѪȲпûжֵĸս˫ŷͬһ׸ۡë˼
룬ЧͬһȨ򵹵Ҳͬһͳìܣ
еĵoǶ໥ĳޣһһѪб˭˭ҡ
˵ëϯģ˼˵˼Ƿëϯָʾʰţġ㣬ǲ
ţȲϡţ񡱱ǩ̫ˡ

    һǾ

    ģظɡԽˣÿյ£Ҳ
ıΪʲôܺǣ̾ϢԳӵġ˵
ëϯģɵ˵

    ڿһֻ䣬ɷֽ䣬ѼֵǮŽȥá
ǴŮ֮·

    ֪пܻʧȥĹɹģҲԸⳡֲ
ֱսаװ

    ֳֳìʤߣʦ󽭣ţһɨ⡱ܷ
µĴ󸱱˸ߡɳǱʣʲô۵㣿

    Ϻˣ˵̽ףɶ۵㣬żҪϻϺᡱɷ˵
ѱԲ

    人˳½˵Ϻˣ人ڱ人˶ö
Ǵźӡͷǹȥˡ

    ǲҵұŮɷоƵĸ
ֶɹϿϺĿ֡


46


    8㣬һ˵˶12#֣ԭǣǳ˹˾ʮ
ſֵеһн¡ƽÿвͬĸԣ
ͨͨΪ죬12345һſûֵoдֲ˭
˭

    ϵԾƷϵĹ˾ҲɫΪɫˣԢ⡰ˡɫˮƱ־
Ժ1966ɱӡһİ¹ߣźв쵼
ţ״֮һʹѡɫɲ뵽ˡա
죬뵽񵳸ͼ졣ɱҽԺȣţ
ȣˣ¾ŮʮԺ롣֯涨û
һۣ

    ǵoȲգȲɢϯûλҲûλoɢߵݿڡ
¥ݿڱϯضΧǺһˡ

    1949ûڻֽ˼ǧˡݿڴ˵׼жٹꡣҿ
ָĽšϲȥġϲȥġ¥ġ¥ģǰȥ̲ס
˵

    ҲºɫȫһƬ죬Сˡɷ˯Ů
Ӧҡ

    û뵽̩ʮ꣬Ҫܷˡ

    ʲô

    ܷ֣ɷȻϺϺ

    ܷܵoϼԥԼ׳ɵٵơ̽ǡܳë
ķ˵ķľĶ龰

    ´ʱ߳ѿ񣬰ν֮ܡǶ޿κΣ
oܶܣν֮ܡ

    壬աܡʲôëϯɽƣȫɽ
һƬ졣ɶźëϯô򣬺ðաܷء

    ݿתǴĻһҴĴĸңϴëûܴ̿ӳ
ҽԭɣŮЦЦųĴǻ˵ìשͷƬ
人ǽɶ䶷ֱǡˣĴǹڵӴ人䶷
ģ֮Сҳ̶֮ѷɫߡա

    ؽ£ҪѨʯŽ졢ߺɽϾ򽭡ͨ
3ܵϺ;ÿվͷֳֳì۴˻
ͷϣ´ˣϴǲѰʲô

    ҵսľʣʲô۵㣿ʲôطˣһս˫ͬں
׳սȫĻĸˡ仯ͷô죬
ӿǳۣϡųһشǿɲġǣش
ëϯ޲׼ɹ۵㡣֪ûлشֲʲôë
o㬶ȥδ

