䡷1989糱

лѡ


    ϵƬ䡷ϯ1980ġĻ˼ȡļɡռ
ᣬ䡷ȫ˶80ĹĻ

    άٿġ䡷Ŀ˵䡷й̨6Ӽ¼Ƭ
1988616ײ׫Ϊ³棬ĿȫƬҪ
ΪѧлѡƬй˺ܴ䶯Ϊ¼˼ǰ
䡷Ϊ6ֱΪѰΡˡ⡷¼Ԫǻ
͡εɫƬɶлͳĻз˼֣εɫ
Ľܣ԰ǡ͡ڵ೤ڱйΪٵ
ͳͬʱ˶ν
Ϊ䡷ˡӻƺӵӻƺ򺽺ձѧ߶Դȴ
˵䡷̵ġл˼롱лͼٶĵ
ŬìܵУôһأ

    Ϊ䡷ҪߣԼ̸ۡ䡷1989糱ƺǲ̫
ġڽĻҡ䡷1989糱⣬ҲͿøΪ͹
̸й⡣⣬ҸѹԺ20ܵ˸ĳ
ڽ˷һĻᣬڽУͨ侲Թۣ
ʷΪ˼Ϊо

    ڣ20˼оһȽԹ۵ķʽǾǴһЩ
Ҹʿۣάȵسһ䡷1989糱⡣Ҳϣ
ͨһʽ֪ʶҸ˵ļ⡣


һ䡷ȫ


    ˵䡷ȫԵ𺳣֣ʱԶбĹ㶫Ҳܵ
ǰδеĳ

    ְɡ<>ݱۼʰš˵ĲҾķǰһ꣬Ƭ䡷
Ӻ͸ط̨Ȳһʱ䣬䡷һ˼籩ȫÿ䣬
ͷβҵءѧУڹݲ¥ﶼȲˣۡ
δΪ޴Ĺע󣬴ǶʱҲ쳣˷ܣֻҪʱ
ŵӻѰ䡷䡷˼š䡷ĻǼ˼԰׽
˵ͣ˼˼𺳣ʹۣڻҲ˼
һ۵ǹŹ㶫ʡίһݷܴ־ļߣδ䱾˵
ͬ⣬ʹۼ䣬ǼǲԼͬ뵽߻֯һΡ䡷ݴ
ۡ飬Ҹ쵥λҵϵ۶顢۳ء
ýȡֹȶ͸һڳﱼܡܿ죬õ˹Źί֧֣
Ӧ쵥λͬʱʵҵ򱦱乫˾򱦱仹ҪΪ۵һ
μӱۡ

    ְɳϣ䡷ڵʱȷʹȫԴͳĻ״з˼ҳΪ
һԺѧ˵˼ŽǡûС䡷ܾûĺڵĴģ
ձ롣ѹ˾֮չԡ䡷Уԭڡ䡷񶨴
ͳĻʹȥ˼ͳĻΪйһֱǷ񶨴ͳĻļȷ棩Ҫ
䡷ɵ˼ʹǽһɹۺĻ
˶ҡɱ֮󣬵ֶԡ䡷к㣬ְɱҲ֯
䡷ۣҲ˱Ķ󣬲þͱ뿪ء

    ˡ˹ĻһǶˡ䡷ĳ꡶䡷
ܺ죬Уίѧ֯Σû˹ƣҶͷĬĬ
뿪Ҳûκʽۣ˯ǰĿ̸Ҳû𡣡䡷̫
ˣ˵䡷ǡġսǰ˼붯ԱšǣΪʲôҪک
أ䣬г


ġ䡱


    нġ<>һָǻ1980Ǻ
һƽʱڣΪʱġĻȡйոһϯأй
ľӪ˼ݣӶɵǵļǸ
ѧмĻͳйʵͼҳһй
֮·1980ġĻȡ1988һȫ˵ĵƬ䡷
еõȫֱ֡죬䡷УȻռҪλá

    нΪӡ֤䡷䡷Ԥġ19886£䡷
19896ķ롶䡷֮һ꣬Ƿϵ
ϵʼǣڿڲһйصĻȴһֱûֹͣΪ
䡷һ˿ڣй˵ϡΪľġ䡱
ӡ֤ˡ䡷Բ飬䡷Ԥй壬ĵı
ƺΣһְˡ֮һǡ䡷Ⱥȫ
ȫͨ򱻲һ⡣


䡷߳Ӱ


    Խʷࣺ<><߳Ӱ>ָԾһһ¼ġֲս
ʱ˺ս۹Ŀ̨һʷʵ൱ӡ
йȨĴڣսʵûг׽Ѽ˹ʹԽϹ
Ű͹֮ɢµйȨͼչסͼ
ƻʷսʩչıȡΪ˵ףʹǹʿֲ
һ֣֧Ԯʿֲ壬֧ԮʹҵˣӰ񡱵
ǺʵδġعΪչ֪ġӰ
񡱶лΣҲӰйĸ߶Զܲ
߳Լھ塣

    1989ڱİ˾ˣȻҲкҫйڲ룬
ǵѪȴ˶ŷ789ֱ12£1989°꣬ÿ
һȨŵһӦأĵѪûаר
ؽйר˶Уˡ

    ԽΪŷȨͳεıǴǵ̹˺пʼġ
ǵİ˾һ֮ǰĵƬ䡷źйء䡷
йȡɵȫ飻ѹƽġĴɱ¼ȫķ
嵹˰։˶ŷӪ߽⡣޹йࡶձҪ
䡷1989ķҵͼŷӪ߽⣬й
񹲲˵ʲô硱෴ŷӪ߽⣬й
󻼡Ϊ۹ʵ塢ɹšͻʡʱūȲԭ½Ȩ
̳ߣйв͸ʵ֤ͷβйһ
ѣǺɫġνӪͼ͡ɹźӪ
ǺϵģױӵʡԽϣ޷ŷձצۡ


ġ1989꣺찲ŵǽ


    1989ʱΰĴǹ㲥˾פŷ޼ߵƶ£Lee Richard Duffield
ĿǰΰĴʿƼѧѧʦոճרţеİǽ
ý1989궫ŷŵıBerlin Wall in the News Mass Media and the Fall 
of the Eastern Bloc in Europe 1989д198964գ찲
㳡ȻСʱԺͬһ죬ŷȴ¼һҲĸ
¼ǵϣڴѡбܣһ֮ǰڱ198964
մɱݻ˹񻰡άǹ㳡Ĺýģת
Ƕ찲Ź㳡Ϸ顪ʿɱѧ̹Ⱥкֱײ֤
ԼɱԲѡٽȷŷ޹Ӫ
ĩգȻһǲʶʵ

    1989627գ¡ⳤĪ˼ƴ߽ϵ˿ѵ
ŷչͳһ֮·2009627ͳ̱ʾ627ŷ޽
ļգǾһףա˿Ǹֱӵȫ˽⣬
ŷ޵ĺķ¡ʵϣʱĻʵƲСﶼ
¡ı߽羯ʾΪһοСƻĻʽ˿
Աɷѿģ˳ʷԵƬ

    찲ɱ5Ժ󣬴ƶĿ˰Χĵ찲ŵӰǰһֱ
ŷҪصޡ198910³ƶºͼλ߻׼ǰ³ϯ
־͹40䡣ĲҰԪ֮һйҦֵĵãԤʾż
֡סý忪ʼ²ⶫº˹Ȩͼԡ찲ģʽ
⡣г֤ʾɿҪԡɱӺķʽʾѹȥʿ
䷢ʵǧһ鱨ֶ˵ӵ˰ɿ
йɱģʽ⡣ֶ˵ܱȱءȻ
ĵѪȴ˵¹˵ģξںܶԱðɿ̨һЩ
ɲҲҪⷢͻˣûиԤʾҲȰ˵
Ӫ¼ûãɿ˱㱻ְŶһרĩա
ǵĿ־ɢŷ޲ᷢ찲¼119գΧǽ£1990
ʽͳһ։10󣬴ƶ»˼ʮ뱨1989¼ľͬ¡
˶ʾ찲ŵҰȻӡǵԺСˣÿαʾ
йͶĹϵʱᵽ찲¼


塢䡷˼ʷ


    䡷ܽй飬ƶʷݽһҲò
ϡ˵䡷˼ĳֲżȻġʵϣ䡷ǽνĻ
˼˳һԲƷҲǽеĳЩĻмһ
һ棬䡷ǽеһϵʶ̬Ũһƴա䡷
Ӱйڸĸ￪׷ִУش˼
⡣һҲӳ˸ĸ￪Ż£Ǵڼɵ˼룬Աϣ
һλʵִļ䡷ǶйĻֵһսս֮
ֵӣôΪǡǡ෴ⲿƷֹȻʹ
ǳ۵¡йʷʶ

    ڡ20ʱ<>˼ʷ塷һУ½һ˵䡷
ƳӾ֪ͨʶȺڻ˼·ʹԭ֪ͨ
ʶȺڡ䡷յȫաҲ˵䡷ȷʵӰǵ˼벢
˼ռһġгӶʹ˼ǰδеѷ죬ʹԭһͳ
ʶ̬߽Σա֮Ƴ˵ʱΪȽĵӴýʽٶ֮
졢Χ֮Լɴ𵴣ǵʱĴߺйص鲿ûϵġ
һ㣬ɴ1989η粨õӡ֤Уֻڸ߲Ȩ
֪ʶӡⳡȻ󲨱ǿִ˼ʶ̬Ķ
ΪҪΪˣִʶ̬о뽨ᵽ൱ĸ߶ȡڹ滮
ҷչġ塯ƻУͻѧѧоѧǰо
Ϊص⣬ʶ̬оĿΪ֮ءɴ˿Կִǿʶ̬
Լȡõĳɹ롶䡷Ƴһԡ

    УԿ䡷20йٷĻǶ˼
Ӱ졪䡷൱㷺ķ䡷ľ
йݻ̡


䡷ʵʵ


    䡷Ӱ˹㷺䳬ǰʵĸ٣ƶ1989糱Ҷں
ġϷСá֮֡񶨡Ч
ֱ컹ڷá

    ʷʽġ<>ʵۣڽʵ塷һָ19886̨
ĵƬ䡷紥ˡʵۡ⣺䡷һݲҵлѡ
ʱĻѧ鸱ࣩһأ˼ò˵һλݣ
ȥֲ˵ĶйͳߣΪ߹ģǴ
Ȼ߹ĴΪԼĻǾ߼ҵһӵ㣺
ȻĺᱩߣʵĺᱩߡʵҪԼһֲ˵Ķ
ʽĻ˼ʷݺʵѧлѡݵӡ
üͷڵʱԵǰĹڲ˾޴𺳡Ϊ1988굱ʱй
Сƽ˺ҫСĺڰʱ̡

    19942£ʷʽڡЭ϶һƪԻʵϷĶӡ̣
ʱдӦһ¡תһ룬ʵϷԽԽֻ࣬һʱ󣬷Եĺ
ˣһܹõġķչȫʷʽϡ10ʵϷ
£¡ƽʱΣĻϼǻʵϷһͳ¡һ򿪵ӻ
ꡱɽʵ۽¹ŵĺѹѹһƬڱർ
ϷҲ񣬴ӹ¡Ϸ˵Ϊʷ磬һƬӵͶʴӼǧһЩ
ıȻɸӢۡ

    ʷʽΪʵϷķ汳ۣȽĻ롣Ϊ
ṩӪεĻӦõĻϵġʵȡӦ£ĻϵĻʵ
Ϸӣ䡷ʵۡ޵ķʸǾȼ֮
紥Ȩ⡱ġ䡷⵽Сƽ˼ż̳˵ȵˣ
˵ʵ۵ֱȻ겻ɢ䡷ʵۣǺʵĳ
ʵۣǴݻʵ񻰡ݡӰѹֻἤŭСƽš

    ʵӰĴ졷һֻʵ񻰺ݣν̫
ǹŴԳơëǲѧ񣿾ȻΪ


ߡ䡷


    С⣬Ҹɼ˼Ĳҵһ֮ԡ˵
ԼĻ

    䡷˴йĻƺǱؾ񡣡䡷
ЩУ京˵硡УڵʱȻȻ󲨡Ϊ
֮ȻиһеڵʱΪǡġ
ֱڻΪǡڡӱܶйʵεС

    Ҫڡ徫񡪡ĻȦıȽϡԼ߳ƺ
ģԼĽӦȨġ

    ˵ǣڡġӱܶйʵε
СȵȽͣ⡣һ˵

    1籾ĵʾģ䡷ݣʵлʵƶȵӰ졢
ͳйʶĻȨ˼롣һеʵ壬ܿһԺʾ˳
1988꡶䡷лʵ۵ķʣʵԤ˵Сƽ1989еѹǱȻġ
䡷ʵۣһ۵ĶŭйǱȻġ޷ڸǣʷʽ
˼·дˡʵǸʲôһ顣Ҫ˵ǣ
ʵۼȲǾʵӣҲϰ߷ͳεı
ǿߡرܴʵһʵءԪߵİȨˣ
ݾлʵۣлʵ۾аԵ

    2䡷Сƺʵڽ¶ӰΣɽ塱
ʵйձҰĺƺ󺣡Ӱ
Ҫλָй21͵ĳ·ڡйĵȨţһС
䡷˼룬һִС䡷սԣǿɳܵΪҲٶ֤ƺ
ʵһӰʵһֱ塣ͱļʾ
βµġֱۡһ顣

    3䡷СǱؾ񡱣ע⡶¾С
ǵѪ⣬µĳǡļѧҴӺСʱ룺ǺΪʲô
ôΪʲôԼѪ֮ȥ׸ΪʲôձԸձ
ˣΪʲôսȥػֳߣΪʲô
ƷıͳΣ䡷ʶйֻͻƳǵƣܽ硣

    йԭΪѾ˼ѧѧѧ
ѧڱڻʵۡڳǡǲᱣˣҲ
ūˡ1989Ĵɱһ䡷гǵº֤ǡǡ


    ѧϾɱҲ찲ŴɱǰġѪ궨ɡ
̽ʵҲǡѪⳤǡġۡ⣬ĵನͶĵķ˼һ
찲ŴɱᣬûʸϾɱΪɱĻ
ѧ1989й˵ġ20ˣά20ȶ1937
ձϾɱͬһ߼𣿿ϧ2009꣬20Ѿˡڣ
άȰ족ΪάֻᡱܷάȥѾΪһʡ

    ֵ˼һǣڡ䡷еƺǱؾ
֮䣬޹֮ͬһе

    ǡСǾǡרȨΡԻƺԳǱؾ
УԴӡиרȨΡǶȥ۲졣һ1988׫
д䡷ʱǲ˵ģ򡶺䡷ͻᱻΡɱѿ״̬̥
Уԡ䡷ֻܷһ̾Ϣ˥ˣ

    ӹԪǰ200ʼʱ21͵ľʱ˥Ҫأ
ǸרȨΡҪרȨΣȽѧͳΣ
䡷ڡ

    ҵķˡллҡ

    2009626գ74޸ģŦԼ

    Ϊڡйǽ찲š¡ѧֻ
International Conference on Constitutional Democratization in China The 
Democracy Wall TiananmenCharter 08ϵķԸ塣

