δйҽƱ֣̽Ԯ

Ĵǣױ


    ᱣϵִϵҪݡĶδйҽƱ
̽ϣĶߺ߹עһⲢ


ԣҽƱϵĺĿ


    ҽƱϵĺʲôĿڣǽҽƱȸ
⣬źǺܶרѧ߲һ㣨ĳЩͨһΪҽ
ҲǿҪǮʶ۵ĽǶйڵҽƱⲻ
ҪԭڴˡʵǰҽƱϵҪǣ

    a) ʹÿһԱҽƱϵĸ֮£Ҳ˵û֧
ҽƷõĻߵʵѣʹҲԵõƽȵҽƻ᣻

    b) ĿǰѾҽƱϸµԱıˮƽ

    c) ҽƱתΪᷢչĸܸˡ

    Ҷԣû֧ҽƷõԱǣ

    a) δˣ

    b) ѧ

    c) ÿ¹ˣ

    d) ߣ

    e) ʧҵߣ

    f) Ƿ

    йͬûдķǷ񣬵Ӵũũ񹤣
ûҽƱϣڸûҽƱϵĸ֮УЩũũ񹤾
ҲԹΪߡ˾йԣҽƱҪҲǽ
Щ˵ҽƷóе⣬ʹǿԻƽȵҽƻᡣһ档һ棬
ѾҽƱϸеԱҽƱϺνũϡµĳ
ũҪǵıˮƽǵҽƷ֧ѡ

    ΪҪҽƱ⣬ǸǸġ֮û
κķᱣϵĿҲǵĸʵˡҪ
⣬ԲǽӸһ·ߣкֲܶͬķᱣϵĿֻ
Ҳֻǳ׽֧ҽƷѣǸĳЩ踣Ǹ
ᱣġ


1.ҽƷõĿɳеɣ˿Լδұ


    ǶĿǰеԼҽƷõʿһΪоԷ֣
ʵֻʱ𣬶һδ˺ʹѧֻҪǳ
֮ҵͷǳпܳΪǮˡǽǮǣǵĵǰҽ
Ʒ⣬δ룬𲽳ҽƷãôǾȫԼδ
ʵҽƷұϡǵҽƷ⽫ڡ

    ڵ߶ҲˡΪһĵߵ벢һɲģ
ǻ᲻ϱ仯ģһֻҪһ֧ҽƷõĻڣ10ꡢ20һ
ʱ䣬𲽳ҽƷãôʹҽƷýϸߣ˵Ҳ⡣

    ҽƷõĳеʱȹϵʾͼԣ

    ûҲˡʮĻۣеľҲ
һĲƲЩƲǹ֮󣬾ͳΪŲκ˶ûа취
ûȥġЩŲֵܼҲǿ֧Ż򲿷֧˵ĻҽƷõġ

    ʧҵߣҲ⣬ΪʧҵģͳƱֻҪй
Ѱҹʧҵ߾Ϳ¾ҵƽ¾ҵʱ䲻ᳬ13ܡ
ֻҪһ֧ҽƷõĻڣʧҵҲǿ֧ԼҽƷõġ

    ԱеҽƷõʾͼԣ


2.ʲôҽԮ


    ᱣϿвͬģʽһģʽȼģʽźǣΪֹ
ǲûʶһ㣩ҽԮϣҽƾȼñģʽ
һᱣϣԭÿ˿δʵʩҽƱϣδ
벻ұߣʵʩȼñϡΪⷽ㣬֮ΪABCҽֱ
ͨҪ£

    a) ᱣϵΪ֧ҽƷõĻߣˡͯѧʧҵ
ߡ߼֧޶ҽƷõв׼渶ҽƷãҽƺҩ
ƷνҽƵĺָһҪҽƣҽƣû
бҪݡԡҩճȵȣ

    b) Щγɻ֮Խ˰ѵķʽ𲽳ЩҽƷü
Ϣᱣϵ

    c) û룬ƶߣݻƶ
֮𲽳

    d) һֱƶ£Զ賥ᱣϵеȫ
ã

    e) ҽƷȫ壬ŲӦڳҽƷáಿ
ֹ̳ˡŲԳȫҽƷãᱣϵе

    f) ԵǰҽƱ˰ʵʩĸʵĿǰշѱ׼߱ˮƽ

    ʵʩԮϣ𸲸13˵ȫʵҽƱϵ
һԲ޴뾭Ч棬磺

    1) ʵڻҽǰȫƽȣΪκ˶ڸҽƷ
⡣

    2) ҽƱϷöȱ⣬Ϊÿ˶Լδ
ұϣδ벻ұߣҪᱣϵľȼãⲿʵϲ
˿ģ

    3) ҽƷڹ滯ĻȫгҵΪʹгҲ
𲡵⡣ͿԱҽƱϵԽĴҽʱ
⣬ʹвͿԵõʱơ

    4) ԽԼ޴Ŀ֧Ϊ˶𲡣ҽƷȫг
ӪʵʩνĹ滯ӪͿʹȵؼ˰
ڵı˰ѣͿԲصķʽＯʽ֧
ҪӶԼؽͷزļ۸񣩡

    5) شٽᾭõķչҽʵҲһѣΪҲҪ֧
õģһֻѡں֧ܶҽƷãֻ
ѱˣⲻص⣬Լᾭõķչǲò
һĴ׼֧δҪҽƷãʵʩҽԮϣǾͲ
Ļѡ

    ЧʹǱҲʵֵġйԣȫ˵1949
1978һᷢչ̱


3.ǰδеԻ


    ҽԮһֽڸܡȡϵȫᱣϣ
һҲǴһҵûҽԮҲԳ֮
ΪҽƴϡעǣҽƱϵ֡һҵҲ
бʲͬᱣϣƶߣû룬賥һ
֡ϵͬʱԻҽƱ˰Ѽ⡣
˵ĵҵһҪѺ򵣱ģκҵ
ġҽƱϡһҵһԻġ
һ͵ᱣģʽһ档

    һ棬ҽƷáϣΪֹҽƾȼñҲͬ
ҽƾȼñʵϾҵȼã־ȼòҪʵҲһ
ʩᡣҽƷáԮҪڿԳе£
ͬϢһϤġȼãҲʩᣬһ͵ᱣϡ
͵ᱣģʽ£һ͵ϵݹᾭ
ǿԷǳط֣Ʋɸתһʱֲͬͣ

    a) ϵһ޵ȣ

    b) ϵˡ裩

    c) ͹ϵƲ̳Уȼõȣ

    ᱣϣΪֹĽʽ֣һǻǰֹϵŲʣ
ǻڵֹϵһʵʩȼáĿǰᱣϵڵԭǾȼã
ص޳Ժԡᱣ϶ԣ־ùϵеκ
һֶܽ⣬ѡҪҲ뼳ȡֹϵ
ᱣϵĲ֣һ͵ᾭùϵΪᱣϵĹֹϵȷ
ϵҲǽϵǼ򵥵͹ϵߵĽϣ
͵ľùϵǣ

    a) Ա򾭼ԭ򻹲ܳеҵס
ҪķʱᱣϵеȫΣ

    b) ԱΪ⣬Ӷγ㹻Ļ֮Ҫ
ڲӰǰ¡𲽳ȫüϢеķ
ڣ

    c) ǷԽܵԭʱɥʧ乤
ᱣϵݻȫ䳥Ρ

    ͵ᾭùϵǳ֮ΪABCùϵǲܲϣֹϵ
ʵһָȡܵϵǷǳƽġȿʹʧҵߵ
ЧʧҵϣֿԱͥᱣϵܵĳظ
ҽԮϾǻ͵ϵΪκһ߷֧ҽƷ
ʱΪṩȫķԮһ߲ĻҪͬϢһ
δ벻Գƶߣ賥

    Ӧÿһϵᱣϵȼñϵγɵ
űʵĲͬǷǳϸȡܵƽԭģ
ԣȫÿһԱʱԣȼ۽ԭ򣩵ںϡ


4.ḧģʽ


    ΪֹĸĻģʽǣмһһͬʱһ
һһҽƷóеʵϻǼͥмһǽ˰
ᱣϱϵᱣϵٽЩͨ˰ռʽȫ
ҽƱϡ

    ҽԮϣһ͵ḧģʽģʽ£һһ
ͨᡰ϶ȻԼδ룬ԽԼҽƷ⣬
мһĸȼñϷֲͬģʽ

    ҪעǣͥسеһһҽƷãһһ
ԼͨѾõδͽȥŲеͥеҽƷõ
ͻõǰߡΪͨ£ͥмһйŶ
ŮߵļʵʩһмһҪ715ڸ
˵ľ棩Ԯ϶ڼͥýṹı仯иԵ塣ؽ
߼ͥڸľ֧ҽƷõĳеŻͥ


5.ᱣϵ


    ʵʩҽƷԮϣġߡǿԳҽƷøᱣϵġ
ȻҲųһЩδ벻ұϣɥʧ˹Ĳмʿ
ͻȻȥʿ;Եĵߡ˱ߣӦòᳬ˿
10%

    һ棬ᱣϵʵ϶ÿԱеŲжıΣ
ᱣϵǶԱʵʩԮϣ͵ʵʩȼñϡ߱ؾһʵʩ
ԮϣʵʩȼñϡᱣϵԽԼ޴֧ᱣ
ϵԮĶԽ࣬Լҽƾȼ÷ҲԽ£ʹ20%Ļ
޷ֻȫҽƷãᱣϻմԤ֧Ϊؾȼ80%
ԱʵʩԮϣͱȼ100%Աһ

    ᱣϵ߲⡣Ϊκᱣϵһ
շϵһϵɵϵͳһϵͳӦҲҲ븲ÿԱ
ᱣϵծԼᱣϣᱣϵߣ
ʲ⡣ʹˣҲʧᱣϵһȻʽ
תİȫƽ̨Ԯϲᱣϵɿ𣬶ֻή俪֧


6.ԮԽԽʡǮ


    ͳȼñϣȼöԽ֧࣬Խܶ
ܽᱣϱ׼Ӷڵ˰յĸԭҲһǿҷ԰
ҽƸĸĹؼڡԮȻԮĶԽԽʡǮ

    ڴӸƽҽƷõ֧͵й˰ɵҽƱ˰һ
˵Ҫﵽŷ˹ĿǰҽƱˮƽйҽƱϵ֧Ӧռǣ
е10%10%㡣2008йGDPΪ31ң10%Ҳ3.1ڣ
ݹٷͳݣ2008ȫ˿Ϊ13.2800ˡ˵Ҫﵽŷ
ĿǰҽƱˮƽ˾ƽҽƱϷҪ2335Ԫңƽÿ½
Ϊ195Ԫ2008꣬й˾ԼΪ72꣬Դ㣬2008ۺGDP׼
йƽһҽƱϷҪ17

    ôǰйһͨľҵɵҽƱ˰Ƕ٣йĿǰҽ
Ʊϵȫͳһģ˲ͬĵͬԱΪ2008꣬
ʹһľҵ߼ÿɵͱ׼ҽƱ˰ѣƽҲѳ
270ԪңлˡҽƱաЩҲڣ
һþ͸357Ԫ˵ְҵƽΪ41.5꣬һͱ׼
ɵҽƱ˰Ѿͳ17򡣿ɼֻҪйʹϵ͵ľҵ߶ԣ17
ҽƱϷҲǺʿԳеģΪʵѾṩҽƱ
˰ѵķʽԼеַãټ󲻱شȥŲԼе
ҽƷõʿࡣ

    ûҽƷõδˡѧԣһ㶼ǿԾҵ
кܶ˶ڴѧҵһִΪѧҲҵȱ
ɵģ޷ġʵˣѧҲڱҵ֮һʱ
֮Ҳűҵʱӳһ52֮ھͿҵʺԼĹ
ʧҵҲˡ

    ˣǰҲѾ̸ȻѾûй룬
һĻۣҲѾһЩ޷ȥĲƲȫǹ֮
ڳҽƷãġһԭȻɷϣһЩ
˱ȽƶƲļֵҲұϡԣռ˿ڱ
̫ߡˣᱣṩȫȼñϣΥ
ԭ

    ɣйũ˾Ŀǰոͻ5000Ԫʧҵߣ
ޣû롣Ҫδʵʩұǲܵġʵ
ֻһΪʵʩҽԮϣÿ˶Լδұϣ
£ũ˾5000ԪеӺ˵ҽƷã
ΪӺ͸ĸԻҽԮϣũͥᣬ֧ԶԶ
˾5000Ԫĸһ棬ũ㹻ĳҽƷõĻڣ
ʹǿһ𲽳ũҲǿԼδʵʩ
ұϵġ⣬ԮϲӦҽƣҲȫʺϽ;ҵϣ
£ũ뽫õ

    ֻЩԵˡԵƶߣȥûκβƲˣ
еȫеԼҽƱϷáԵˣɥʧ
޲Ʋʿռ˿ڱӦò10%ɼԸҽƷ
Ļߣͨᳬ˿ڵ10%ԣᱣϴÿֻ֮Ҫ
ñ10%ҵ˿ڣپȼñ100%˿ڣھ֧ҽƷõĲ
ԱʹᱣϲҽƷѡߣҲжΣΥ
Ļԭ򣩡


7.ʽ޵׶ʧ


    κȼñϵʵ϶һʽĵ޵׶Ϊʵʩȼ֮
豻ȼ߳κηõģʹȼ߳ΪҲ⡣ȼ߽Ҫ
˰Ѷѣ˰õľȼȫͬģһ档
һ棬ȼûеߵģȼõķչˮƽߣȼõˮƽҲ
ӦߣչȼþͻԽԽʧȥáԣʽ޵ġһ
ʽĵ޵׶ᾭ֮ڶδս֮չͻؼԭڶ
δս֮ȼñϵҲ˵ʽĵ޵׶
һһ÷չĻ

    ȼñϵʽԴʾͼԣ

    ǣԮϵȫͬΪǽڸȡܻϵģҲ
˵ҪԮγɻ֮ͬϢһ𲽳ģ
ƶߡ90% ȼ߿Գַá£ᱣϵͿ
󣬶ҽҪȼñϲ10%ľƶߡ£Ͳ
ʽĵ޵׶꣬ͿγһʽѭϵҪʽ
ԴͿԲ˰գʽԣҽƱϵҲתΪ
һʽתİȫƽ̨

    Ԯʽʾͼԣ

    ᱣϵһʽĵ޵׶һʽתİȫƽ̨
ͿϵǰʽĶȱ⡣ᱣϵĿɿ
ʽĵ޵׶ͬʱʽڻ½ڻǷ
Ըġִʵǽڻ֮õʴˣᱣ
ϵʽȱ⽫ڣκһҶȫȫʵ
ᱣϵ£ҽƱϸĸڣ


8.ҽƱ


    κȼҽƱϣһĸϣ޵ĵˮƽϡ
Ϊȼһ޵׶Ϊ˽Լʽ𣬻˵ʽƣκһҵҽƾȼñ
ϵȱʵҲˡĿǰҵҽƷ񣬶
⣬ǣҪΪҽȴʱ䳬˲޶ȣ
ҩƷһЩרҪԼеֻȫãʹûҲˣ
һЩ߸ûǮйν󲡷ⶥĹ涨д󲡣һЩͥ
ҵ֮ݡйʹڳҽƱϵĸ֮УҲҪ⹺ҵ
ҽƱա

    ҽԮģʽ£ЩⶼԵõΪ߸
ҽҪķãͿԻҽԮϡҽƷôû
ͿԼ⡣ҽƿ԰еרƣƣеҩֻ
ЩǱҪҽƺҩһŮ˷ǵҪΪһˣ
СȴܾʹóҩƷһҪʹøûбҪĸ߼ҩƷȵȡ

    ԣҽԮϵıˮƽȫҲضԳͳľȼñϡ
ֱǰ˵ǻʵҽǰƽȣǾȼñϸܴﵽ
Ŀ꣩

    ҪָǣǰҽƾȼñˮƽߵһҪԭռ˿һСֵ
ҵߣ˰ˣеȫԱҽƷáʵʩҽԮ֮һ
⽫ڡ˰˿ʵļ˰Ѹ


9.ҽƱӦȫԮϵ


    ҽƱϵӦһȫԮϵӦñ֤ÿԱڻʱ
Լʱõƽȵϣƶɫ塢ΣͬʱҲӦһ
ӦöκһʵϿԳеҽƷõʵʩ޳ȼãǷ
Լʱе𲽳еҽƷã

    Ϊ򵥵˵ᣬκһԱҽƷʱӦû
ҽƱϣⲢζűÿ˶ʵʩ޳ȼãҪò˵ǰ
ʵʩȼԱϡڿԼеˣûбҪڽ
ʱõĻߣҲӦýʹǿ𲽳еҽƷõĻƣ
Լδұϣ޳ȼáֻжԸҽƷõĻ߲Ҫʵʩ
ȼãҪǡѩ̿ǲκƶòҽƻᡣ

    ҽƾȼñϲûжԻߵ֧ϸ𣬶Ƕӷֱ
һʵʩȼԱϣȲȡ衢ܵƽԭ򣬸ʱ
ġʵƻµġûκβͬ

    £ᱣϵȻҪľ޴ʽ𣬶ҲɱسΪ
һʽĵ޵׶֮޷ҽƱϵĳظ֮Ҫ
ƶȸĸؼơᱣϸǰ;
ᾭþ͸ָܻϸٷչĵ·ǷǳźΪֹ
ҽƱϸĸΧҽƱչģΧŴ
չģ˸вͨġҽƱϸĸʧܵĹؼ

    ɴ˿ɼԮģʽǵǰΨһѡ񡪡Ӧ
Ԯȡȼñϡ

