10.˼ŷй

ڱ籾ĳ;ɻϣչΨһһ顶³Ѹȫءġߺ

ƪŲϷʦײ(Henrik Ibsen1828-1906)֮ҡ(ŲﱾEt DukkehjemӢ﷭뱾A Doll's House)ѿΡοƺĿסΪ޵һͻȻԼɷĿܣԼĿܣܽµʵ׷ȥˡ1923³Ѹ(1881-1936)˵

ߺ.....Ҳʵֻ·Ƕ䣬ǻΪһƥСȻɣһţӥè.....ʹѾص˳ӣȴ˷裬ҲȻ·ߡһǶˣѾ뿪ν⣬Ҳô·

ԣ³Ѹʣһžѵ֮⣬ҪЩôȥǣ׼ֱ׵˵ҪǮ˵ǺõģǮҪ.....ĿµȨͼҪˡ³Ѹķ˼൱̵ģҸ֮ҡԭŵŲ̸³Ѹƪ£Ƕ

Զ

ײ1879д˵߸ŮȨĻ磬˲ģ޹ֽŲȫŮȨߵĵطˡŲÿÿײ飬絤аͽһˡ֮ҡ֮⣬ײǸд˱¶ʹƪסġᶰ(Ӣ﷭뱾Pillars of Society)дһʿ̿Զй˵ġ񹫵С(Ӣ﷭뱾An Enemy of the People)й˾޷˽ϲ硶ء(Peer Gynt)ȵȣЩƷйܶǺѲġ

ڲҲְѡء(ǴӢ뱾ת)ĵǬ(1910-1999)¼ĩͼˡ˵1944׶ؿݳϷġĸڼ䣬ǷߵȿֺΪԼβͺüһʱҾͳ뵽Ϸһ룬һ߻಻ǰ˺¡뵽Ⱥ߿ʱյǸŠһơͻȻһǽǽġǰˡҾһٶǰײԱʮйдϷҵʶô׾ӣǶԭŻ޹ġ̹ǬҲóϣΪԼߡֻǿķΧڣ˵滰һ鷳ʱҾԼĿǻʵġ

ҿ³ѸƽײйߣҲΪйɡ

ײ³Ѹ³֮޴ֱ˵Զײ춲ݺᣬδҲ飬ʱѳΪŲ񰮴ĴĺŲ˸лĹӢۡʱĽŲõʵ෴й³Ѹ˼֮Բײ֮£ҪǱ˵ƣǱΪͼڡй쵼ʱʱƳ³Ѹײ֮ӵ˼룬ǵʵʱֿȴЩ˼ԯ޵ģɼҲֻǿͷϷУ߸Ͷ³ѸʹڮĶκͲ̬ᣬڽй½֪˶ٱձΪ³ѸΪңĲ֪ô³

ڻӰԶ

ⲻòʮͳĵѧʦ͢(Ellsworth Huntington1876-1947)1924귢šֵԸ(The Character of Races)̽ռҵĺ߱͢磬й˺ͱŷԣйͱŷʷϷȻ̭ʽȻͬ˶µıŷˣ˽йˣϱȻķ

͢ٶ߻ۣһ۾ͿйضԵĲк͢ٺȤ֪֮£ľһˣǲ˵ƷʺͲ˵ƷЩͬΪ1923ٴԶйʵؿ߷ðβֵĴʿȻ֣

һҪûֻηչ˽ģҲ͵ֲֵпĻ.....Ƿ˽ԽأĻԽ󣻶ྭһλ꣬Ʒ˽һ.....֮˵˽ʹһ˶ȹ꣬ȥ.....ǧĳʱΩ˽˲ѡ񡣡Ϊǰܹˡʳ֮ڻʱѾˡ

֮ܲľܲݷ׿̫˼飬йľǲŵġ

͢ӹй˵˽ԣй˼ȫûģйԲ˽͹壬ðϷȴӲҪƶȴˡ

³Ѹ˵

ȹˣһǮױΣһ磬洦ͬһ룬Ϊ˵壻һôԼǰʹôᣬΪ塣йǱɸ߶ࡣ(1927꡶ε;)

ΪôǱɸأҲ͢Ѿһ̵Ĵ𰸡

йʽȻ̭һáֶ֮ͽ֦֡ɢҶ̭ôصۣĲҾô̭ھ߽ڷ籩Ȼޡϲ¥ˣˣյʤˣ

Ӿ

͢ټʶйȴԱŷ֮̾ѣ̾ı뱱ŷֺ֮Ҳܷչ˸߶ȵǧ겻顣˵ûһ˸γȵĹңд˸߶Ͽƽʤйȴ˥ܡԣ˵СʱԼ10ˣĿǰн30ˡ䷢չʾйۡ

ŷȻ̭ѧ˵ĺΪŷ㣬ΪǺžˮǧɽϿȻ̭ŵ伮춱ŷһȻһĳ˼룬ƩӦͭһǧǰΪ̣16ͳһʱͶ춸ĸ·ڣ͵ʱָΪ͢ѣ20ͳЧ¹Ⱥȫ˺ͽռƋη棬зչơ

͢˵춱ŷҪúù滮ÿſ԰ÿֻġСʱչ⡢ڰϺƳ˷δѵ̬ȡ㿴Ƕɵĵļ滮ʵɹĹ滮ãͻô˵е

ܻά˵ĻʵڵŲȵǿϽܣҲɼŷ˵ľ͹ϡ͢پ;ٳһηڱȤڹԪ1000꣬̽ʿ;Ŭ˵֮ʱ˾ȺᣬǷеĹϹ̣¼ɹ鳤һѸٶᣬȻΪµĹ̡ʷأʱûлı鳤һƤ̺Ĭһһҹ;ɻΪ̡漴ԭżͨͨ׽ɴ˵ġٲСľٶҪǻۣɴ˸ŷһ춨һǧĻ֣16ڽ̸ʱҲͬˡйԪ1000һ꣬ƽֵ꣬üصĴǣگ

ȥ¾uˣ֮ʣľӶࡣƽһĿƾٸ˼¼¼ȡ409ˣ1,129ˣܼƶ1,638ˣ⣬׷՞Ϊʥ

ͬ͢1924ĵ3桶(Civilization and Climate)˵չ棺

ŷ½(Protestant Christianity)ĵطҪȽǷǳȽ.....ŷ̵ĵطӼȽУϣչߵͲȣͬŷ̵ĵط䷢չɸձأؽ̹ҵķչж֮ϣ͡

ģʽԴá˵˵½ҲǱŷ¹ǿҪҩ֮һҪʣΪô걱ŷ쵼Ȼ̣ʮڽ̸ʱûӵ͢أҲ˵ҩʹУҲǴһʼͲġҲҪȻƩй

ǧл۹Ǿʿ½̽ʿʩ˵˼꣬޶ԣΪǡΥѵġйһʵԴҵǰ˵ʦ±װ绰˵˵Ҫװ绰ûе.....Щ漼ɣǲõġҲȰ裬˾Ϳ֪ˡ

츣ŷ

һڴ˼Ӹעţ1418ͳŷ˿ڼ˼ɵĺҲŷ˵ŷʷ˿ѹ㣬ҲҴ̯ߵĲƸԼŷ˼ڽ顣ЩΪҵṩ˺ܺõŷ޺йɵ̭ЧһȻΪûйҲѣ巢չͳԶԣҲйͣйķչҲһ

(ԭ20025¡־)

